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Robinson, Watson, Indiana

Watson[edit]

Indiana’s senior senator, Jim Watson, was up for re-election in 1926, along with Robinson, and the Klan felt indebted to Watson for helping Earle Mayfield of Texas get into the Senate. Mayfield had been challenged in the Senate, and Watson had kept quiet at all the proper times. The instructions from Atlanta were that the Klan should go down the line for Watson, and leading local Klansmen, plus the mayors of Indianapolis and Evansville traveled to Washington at Klan expense to talk it over.

The hooded legions of Indiana were willing to vote for a fellow Klansman, but the Democrats and anti-Watson Republicans, led by Grand Dragon [Walter F.] Bossert, refused to violate their political consciences to vote for just a friend. When Bossert was squeezed out, Klansmen from the northern part of the state were mad. Hiram [Wesley] Evans himself made a quick trip to South Bend to forestall the revolt. The candidate of the dissidents was former state Prohibition director, Judge Charles [John] Orbison [(1874–1933)] [member of the Indianapolis Klan], who led Indiana's Klan Democrats, but Evans got him out of the way by making him a national vice president of the Klan. The Republican state chairman [Clyde Allison Walb (1878–1945)] tried to define the election issue for Klansmen and uninitiates alike by declaring that "international bankers on Wall Street" were operating throughout the state to throw the election to the Democrats and the secret power manipulators of Europe. An investigation by the U. S. Senate elections subcommittee found no traces of Wall Street and instead presented a rollicking story of Klan politics and intrigue. For a whole day, former South Bend Cyclops, [Hugh Finlay] "Pat" Emmons [(1882–1949)], kept his listeners and the press amused as he commented wryly on Klan doings, including the story of how the Imperial Wizard of the Invisible Empire had to go to bed in his La Salle Hotel [in South Bend] room while his trousers were being pressed for that evening’s meeting. Watson and Robinson won re-election to the Senate, but it cost the Klan thousands of members.

KKK in politics[edit]

  • Check this book:
  • Helper, Hinton Rowan (1829–1909) (compiler) (1868). The Negroes in Negroland; The Negroes in America; And Negroes Generally. Also, the Several Races of White Men, Considered as the Involuntary and Predestined Supplanters of the Black Races. New York: G.W. Carleton (George Washington Carleton; 1832–1901); London S. Low, Son, & Co. Retrieved May 21, 2021 – via Internet Archive.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) LCCN 12-2994; OCLC 277206353 (all editions).
The Klan helped elect sixteen members of the U. S. Senate. Nine of them were Republican:
Republicans
  1. Rice W. Means, Colorado checked box
  2. Lawrence C. Phipps (1862–1958), Colorado checked box
  3. Frank B. Willis (1871–1928), Ohio checked box
  4. Daniel F. Steck (1881–1950), of Iowa checked box
  5. Frederick Steiwer (1883–1939), Oregon checked box
  6. Arthur Raymond Robinson (1881–1961), Indiana
    From Time magazine November 2, 1925: "The New Man. Arthur R. Robinson is only 44. He is an Indianapolis attorney, a 'good Republican' but of no particular political importance. He is said to be a good orator. Against him politically is the fact that he supported Governor Jackson in the last election and so, justly or unjustly, he is considered a 'Klan man.'"
  7. James Eli Watson (1864–1948), Indiana
  8. John W. Harreld (1872–1950), Oklahoma
  9. William B. Pine (1877–1942), Oklahoma checked box
Democrats
  1. Sam Ralston, Indiana
    Rest from the South
  2. Earle Mayfield, Texas checked box
  3. Hugo Black, Alabama checked box
  4. Tom Heflin, Alabama checked box
  5. William J. Harris (1868–1932), Georgia
  6. Lawrence Tyson (1861–1929), Tennessee
  7. Frederick M. Sackett (1868–1941), Kentucky


Members of the Senate
  1. Theodore G. Bilbo, Mississippi
  2. Robert C. Byrd (D), West Virginia
  3. Joseph E. Brown
  4. John Brown Gordon (D), the U.S. Senator for Georgia, was a founder of the KKK in his home state of Georgia.[15]
  5. Rufus C. Holman, Oregon
  6. Earle Mayfield, Texas
  7. Rice W. Means (R), Colorado
  8. John Tyler Morgan (D), Alabama
  9. Edmund Pettus, Alabama



====================
    link
  1. Eckard V. Toy, Jr., "The Ku Klux Klan in Tillamook, Oregon," Pacific Northwest Quarterly, LIII (1962), 60-64
  2. David M. Chalmers, "The Ku Klux Klan in the Sunshine State: The 1920's," Florida Historical Quarterly, XXXXII1* (1964), 209-215
  3. Chalmers, Hooded Americanism, The First Century of the Ku Klux Klan (New York, April 1965).


====================



  • James D. Robenalt, “The Republican president who called for racial justice in America after Tulsa massacre: Warren G. Harding’s comments about race and equality were remarkable for 1921” Washington Post June 21, 2020

Bibliography[edit]

Annotations[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Chalmers, p. 91.

New media[edit]

Books, journals[edit]

"Testimony of Hugh Pat Emmons". Chicago. October 20–21, 1926. pp. 2026–2077.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Testimony of Walter F. Bossert". Chicago. October 21, 1926. pp. 2078–2094.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Testimony of Clyd A. Walb". Chicago. October 21, 1926. pp. 2094–2107.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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