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Mauran, Russell & Crowell was an American architectural firm active in St. Louis from 1900 until 1989 under several different names. Founded in 1900 as Mauran, Russell & Garden, in 1911 it evolved into Mauran, Russell & Crowell, under which name it did its most notable work. After the deaths of founders John Lawrence Mauran and Ernest John Russell in 1933 and 1956, respectively, the firm was continued by their former partners, W. Oscar Mullgardt, Arthur F. Schwarz Jr. and Hari van Hoefen under the names Russell, Mullgardt, Schwarz & van Hoefen and after 1960 as Schwarz & van Hoefen. In 1968 they were joined as partner by Richard T. Henmi, and in 1969, after the departure of van Hoefen, the firm became Schwarz & Henmi. Schwarz died in 1971 and the firm was thereafter led by Henmi until its sale in 1989.
History
[edit]In 1921 William F. Wischmeyer and W. Oscar Mullgardt become associates.[1]
In 1930 W. Oscar Mullgardt joind the partnership.[2]
Change of name in 1937 to Mauran, Russell, Crowell & Mullgardt.[3]
In 1947 Arthur F. Schwarz Jr. joined the partnership.[4] In 1948 the firm was renamed Russell, Crowell, Mullgardt & Schwarz.[5]
Henmi designed several projects for developer Donald Breckenridge.
Despite the nation's strong economy, the St. Louis economy continued its long decline in the 1980s. Unable to find work for the firm, in 1989 Henmi sold it to Kuhlmann Design Group, now (2023) KdG, another St. Louis firm. Henmi served as a vice president of the company until 1995, when he reestablished Henmi & Associates. Later projects included the conversion of the historic J. C. Penney Co. Warehouse Building into a Sheraton hotel (2001). In 2002, with Henmi nearing the age of 80, he merged his practice with that of Thalden Boyd Emery, now (2023) TBE Architects, where he continued to work.[6] In 2011 he became involved in the local movement to preserve the "flying saucer" building at Council Plaza, which he had designed in the late 1960s and was headed for demolition.[7] Ultimately the building was renovated and preserved. Henmi died July 7, 2020 at the age of 96.[8]
Architectural works
[edit]All dates are date of completion.
Mauran, Russell & Garden, 1900–1909
[edit]- 1900 – Andrew Sproule house, 5175 Lindell Blvd, St. Louis[9]
- 1901 – Lindell Real Estate Company Building,[a] 1015 Washington Ave, St. Louis[10]
- 1901 – Max Schwab house, 4466 Westminster Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1903 – Chemical Building additions,[a] 721 Olive St, St. Louis[11]
- 1903 – Decatur Public Library, 457 N Main St, Decatur, Illinois[12]
- Demolished.
- 1903 – Mountain View Farm, the George B. Upton house,[a] Close Rd, Dublin, New Hampshire[13]
- 1904 – Charleston Carnegie Public Library, 712 6th St, Charleston, Illinois[12]
- 1904 – First Church of Christ, Scientist, 5000 Westminster Pl, St. Louis[14]
- 1904 – El Paso Public Library, 501 N Oregon St, El Paso, Texas[15]
- 1904 – Lincoln Library, 326 S 7th St, Springfield, Illinois[12]
- Demolished.
- 1904 – Racine Public Library,[a] 701 S Main St, Racine, Wisconsin[16]
- 1904 – Tipton Public Library, 206 Cedar St, Tipton, Iowa[17]
- 1904 – Henry L. Wolfner Memorial Library for the Blind addition, 3842-3844 Olive St, St. Louis[18]
- Demolished.
- 1905 – Cook Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church, South parsonage,[a] 3680 Cook Ave, St. Louis[19]
- Demolished in 2018.
- 1905 – Crunden-Martin Manufacturing Company buildings,[a] 760 S 2nd St, St. Louis[20]
- 1905 – Benjamin F. Edwards house, 10 Kingsbury Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1905 – Louisiana Public Library,[a] 121 N 3rd St, Louisiana, Missouri[21]
- 1905 – Smith Academy and Manual Training School,[a] 5351 Enright Ave, St. Louis[22]
- 1906 – George O. Carpenter house, 12 Portland Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1906 – Grand-Leader Building,[a] 601 Washington Ave, St. Louis[23]
- 1907 – Church of the Messiah,[a] 5261 Enright Ave, St. Louis[24]
- 1907 – William C. Fordyce house, 19 Washington Ter, St. Louis[9]
- 1907 – Lesan-Gould Building,[a] 1324 Washington Ave, St. Louis[25]
- 1907 – Pilgrim Congregational Church, 826 Union Blvd, St. Louis[14]
- 1907 – Racquet Club, 476 N Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis[14]
- 1907 – St. Louis Public Library, Cabanne branch, 1106 Union Blvd, St. Louis[26]
- 1908 – Condie-Neal Glass Company building,[b] 2508 N Broadway, St. Louis[27]
- 1908 – Edward Garden house, 23 Windermere Pl, St. Louis[9]
- Built as Garden's own home shortly before his departure from the partnership.
- 1908 – Great Jones Building, 708 Main St, Houston[28]
- 1908 – Second Baptist Church (former), 500 N Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis[14]
- 1908 – Arthur B. Shepley house, 50 Westmoreland Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1909 – The Cabin, the Samuel W. Fordyce house,[c] 1501 Park Ave, Hot Springs, Arkansas[29]
- 1909 – Gunter Hotel,[a] 205 E Houston St, San Antonio[30]
- 1909 – Parkway Dwellings,[a] 4937–4943 Laclede Ave, St. Louis[31]
- 1910 – Daniel Webster Kempner house,[a] 2504 Ave O, Galveston, Texas[32]
- 1910 – Palace Theatre, 807-811 Texas Ave, Houston[28]
- Demolished.
Mauran & Russell, 1909–1911
[edit]- 1909 – Charles A. Stix house, 26 Portland Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1910 – City Auditorium, Texas Ave and Louisiana St, Houston[28]
- Demolished.
- 1910 – Harry Lesser house, 12 Washington Ter, St. Louis[9]
- 1911 – Anthony Public Library,[a] 104 N Springfield Ave, Anthony, Kansas[33]
- 1911 – Hotel Galvez,[a] 2024 Sewall Blvd, Galveston, Texas[34]
- 1913 – DePelchin Faith Home (former),[a] 2700 Albany St, Houston[35]
Mauran, Russell & Crowell, 1911–1937
[edit]- 1912 – George Capen house, 35 Westmoreland Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1912 – George S. Tiffany cottage,[a] Aldrich Rd, Islesboro, Maine[36]
- 1912 – Union National Bank Building, 220 Main St, Houston[37]
- 1913 – Old Laclede Gas and Light Company Building,[a] 1017 Olive St, St. Louis[38]
- 1913 – Railway Exchange Building,[a] 600 Locust St, St. Louis (1914)[39]
- 1913 – Rice Hotel,[a] 909 Texas Ave, Houston[40]
- 1913 – St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad Building,[a] 605 Main St, Joplin, Missouri[41]
- 1914 – Brady Tower and Charline McCombs Empire Theatre,[a] 202 E Houston St and 226 N St Marys St, San Antonio[42]
- 1914 – Claude Kilpatrick house, 33 Portland Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1914 – Charles Nagel house, 44 Westmoreland Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1914 – Bertha (Drake) Scott house, 31 Westmoreland Pl, St. Louis[9]
- 1922 – Donaldson Court Apartments,[a] 601-615 Westgate Ave, University City, Missouri[43]
- 1925 – Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 1 Federal Reserve Bank Plz, St. Louis[44]
- 1925 – Union Market,[a] 711 N Broadway, St. Louis[45]
- 1926 – Southwestern Bell Building, 1010 Pine St, St. Louis[14]
- I.R. Timlin, associate architect.
- 1928 – Missouri Pacific Building,[a] 210 N 13th St, St. Louis[46]
- 1929 – Blackstone Hotel,[a] 601 Main St, Fort Worth, Texas[47]
- 1929 – Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Memphis Branch (former), 138 Jefferson Ave, Memphis, Tennessee[48]
- Jones & Furbringer, associate architects.
- 1931 – St. Louis Globe-Democrat Building,[a] 900 N Tucker Blvd, St. Louis[49]
- 1932 – Midwest Terminal Building,[a] 710 N Tucker Blvd, St. Louis[50]
- 1935 – Carnahan Courthouse, 1114 Market St, St. Louis[44]
- 1938 – Soldiers' Memorial, 1315 Chestnut St, St. Louis[14]
- Preston J. Bradshaw, associate architect.
- 1927 – St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department Headquarters (former), 1200 Clark Ave, St. Louis
Mauran, Russell, Crowell & Mullgardt, 1937–1948
[edit]- 1939 – Cahokia Power Plant, 2 Monsanto Ave, East St. Louis, Illinois[51]
- 1942 – St. Louis Ordnance Plant, 4800 Goodfellow Blvd, St. Louis[44]
- Giffels & Vallet, associated architects.
- 1942 – Venice Power Plant, Main St, Venice, Illinois[52]
- Demolished in 2012.
- 1943 – St. Louis Post-Dispatch Printing Building,[a] 1111 Olive St, St. Louis[51]
- 1948 – Famous-Barr Clayton, 7447 Forsyth Blvd, Clayton, Missouri[53]
- 1948 – Globe-Democrat Tower Building, 1215 Cole St, St. Louis[54]
Russell, Crowell, Mullgardt & Schwarz, 1948–1951
[edit]Russell, Mullgardt & Schwarz, 1951–1952
[edit]- 1952 – Brown Shoe Company headquarters, 8300 Maryland Ave, Clayton, Missouri[55]
Russell, Mullgardt, Schwarz & van Hoefen, 1952–1960
[edit]- 1955 – Northland Shopping Center, Lucas and Hunt Rd and W Florissant Ave, Jennings, Missouri[55]
- Demolished.
- 1959 – Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Louisville Branch (former), 410 S 5th St, Louisville, Kentucky[56]
- 1959 – Wohl Community Center, 1515 Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis[57]
- 1961 – Engineers' Club of Saint Louis, 4359 Lindell Blvd, St. Louis[58]
Schwarz & van Hoefen, 1960–1969
[edit]- 1961 – Optimist International, 4494 Lindell Blvd, St. Louis[59]
- 1961 – Parkway Central High School, 369 N Woods Mill Rd, Chesterfield, Missouri[60]
- 1963 - Jewish Community Center Staenberg Family Complex, 2 Millstone Campus Dr, Creve Coeur, Missouri[58]
- 1963 – Marchetti Towers, 3520 and 3530 Laclede Ave, St. Louis (1963)[59]
- 1964 – Greyhound bus terminal, 801 N Broadway, St. Louis[14]
- Demolished.
- 1966 - Farm Credit Banks of St. Louis Building, 1415 Olive St, St. Louis[58]
- 1966 – Mansion House Center,[a] 200-444 N 4th St, St. Louis[61]
- 1966 – Medium Security Institution (former), 7600 Hall St, St. Louis[62]
- 1967 – Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Little Rock Branch (former), 325 W Capitol Ave, Little Rock, Arkansas[62]
- 1968 – Council Plaza,[a] 300–310 S Grand Ave, St. Louis[63]
- The tallest building of the complex, Council Tower East, features a 260' high relief sculpture, Finite Infinite, by Saunders Schultz and William Severson.
Schwarz & Henmi, 1969–1972
[edit]- 1972 – Parkview Place, 701 Westgate Ave, University City, Missouri[64]
Schwarz, Henmi & Zobel, 1972–1974
[edit]- 1974 – Shoenberg Pavilion, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis[65]
Henmi, Zobel & Fott, 1974–1978
[edit]- 1976 – Breckenridge Pavilion Hotel, 1 S Broadway, St. Louis[66]
- Incorporating the former Spanish Pavilion from the 1964 New York World's Fair, designed by Javier Carvajal Ferrer.
Henmi & Associates, 1978–1984
[edit]- 1981 – Marriott Pavilion Hotel, 1 S Broadway, St. Louis[66]
- Incorporating the Breckenridge Pavilion complex. Now the Hilton St. Louis at the Ballpark.
- 1982 – Breckenridge Councourse Hotel, 9801 Natural Bridge Rd, St. Louis[67]
- Now the Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel.
- 1984 – Breckenridge Hotel and Conference Center, 16625 Swingley Ridge Rd, Chesterfield, Missouri[68]
- Now the DoubleTree St. Louis Hotel.
Henmi Jen Enderling, 1984–1989
[edit]- 1987 – St. Joseph Hospital, 500 Medical Dr, Wentzville, Missouri[69]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Personals" in Pencil Points 2, no. 3 (March, 1921): 35.
- ^ "Personals" in American Architect 137, no. 2581 (March, 1930): 116.
- ^ "Change of Address" in Architectural Record 82, no. 6 (December, 1937): 37.
- ^ "The Record Reports" in Architectural Record 101, no. 3 (March, 1947): 134.
- ^ "The Record Reports" in Architectural Record 104, no. 2 (August, 1948): 370.
- ^ Liam Otten, "Architecture honors distinguished alumni," Washington University in St. Louis, April 11, 2003. Accessed August 3, 2023.
- ^ Alex Sciuto, "Take five: Architect Richard Henmi designed Del Taco building," St. Louis Public Radio, August 16, 2011. Accessed August 3, 2023.
- ^ Joe Holleman, "Richard Henmi, architect of 'Flying Saucer,' died July 7," St Louis Post-Dispatch, July 15, 2020. Accessed August 3, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Charles C. Savage, Architecture of the Private Streets of St. Louis: The Architects and the Houses they Designed (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1987)
- ^ Lindell Real Estate Company Building NRHP Registration Form (1982)
- ^ Chemical Building NRHP Registration Form (1982)
- ^ a b c Raymond Bial and Linda LaPuma Bial, The Carnegie Library in Illinois (Urbana: University of Chicago Press, 1991)
- ^ Mountain View Farm NRHP Registration Form (1983)
- ^ a b c d e f g Frank Peters and George McCue, Guide to the Architecture of St. Louis (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1989)
- ^ James R. Murphy, Images of America: El Paso, 1850–1950 (Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2009): 61.
- ^ Racine Public Library NRHP Registration Form (1981)
- ^ David Gebhard and Gerald Mansheim, Buildings of Iowa (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993): 147.
- ^ Henry L. Wolfner Memorial Library for the Blind NRHP Registration Form (2005)
- ^ Cook Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church, South NRHP Registration Form (2008)
- ^ Crunden-Martin Manufacturing Company NRHP Registration Form (2005)
- ^ Louisiana Public Library NRHP Registration Form (1996)
- ^ Smith Academy and Manual Training School NRHP Registration Form (2003)
- ^ Grand-Leader (Stix, Baer & Fuller Dry Goods Co.) Building NRHP Registration Form (2003)
- ^ Church of the Messiah NRHP Registration Form (2013)
- ^ Lesan-Gould Building NRHP Registration Form (1986)
- ^ Abigail A. van Slyck, Free to All: Carnegie Libraries & American Culture, 1890-1920 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995)
- ^ North Broadway Glass and Plow Warehouse District NRHP Registration Form (2012)
- ^ a b c Ephemeral City: City Looks at Houston, ed. Barrie Scardino, William F. Stern and Bruce C. Webb (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2003)
- ^ Fordyce–Ricks House Historic District NRHP Registration Form (2003)
- ^ Gunter Hotel NRHP Registration Form (2007)
- ^ Chouteau Apartments/Parkway Dwellings NRHP Registration Form (1983)
- ^ Jan Johnson, Walking Historic Galveston: A Guide to its Neighborhoods (Waco: Eakin Press, 2009): 140-141.
- ^ Anthony Public Carnegie Library NRHP Registration Form (1987)
- ^ Galvez Hotel NRHP Registration Form (1979)
- ^ DePelchin Faith Home NRHP Registration Form (1984)
- ^ George S. Tiffany Cottage NRHP Registration Form (1989)
- ^ Daniel E. Monsanto, Postcard History Series: Houston (Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2009): 35.
- ^ Old Laclede Gas and Light Company Building NRHP Registration Form (2007)
- ^ Railway Exchange Building NRHP Registration Form (2009)
- ^ Rice Hotel NRHP Registration Form (1978)
- ^ St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad Building NRHP Registration Form (2002)
- ^ Brady Building-Empire Theater NRHP Registration Form (1999)
- ^ Donaldson Court Apartments NRHP Registration Form (1983)
- ^ a b c "Russell, Ernest John" in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1956): 478.
- ^ Union Market NRHP Registration Form (1984)
- ^ Missouri Pacific Building NRHP Registration Form (2002)
- ^ Blackstone Hotel NRHP Registration Form (1984)
- ^ Eugene J. Johnson and Robert D. Russell Jr., Memphis: An Architectural Guide (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1990)
- ^ St. Louis Globe-Democrat Building NRHP Registration Form (2017)
- ^ Midwest Terminal Building NRHP Registration Form (2017)
- ^ a b St. Louis Post-Dispatch Printing Building NRHP Registration Form (1984)
- ^ Power Plant Engineering 46, no. 5 (May, 1942): 92.
- ^ Engineering News-Record 137, no. 15 (October 10, 1946): 28.
- ^ Engineering News-Record 137, no. 26 (December 26, 1946): 114.
- ^ a b "Mullgardt, (William) W. Oscar" in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1956): 395.
- ^ Gregory A. Luhan, Dennis Domer and David Mohney, Louisville Guide (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2004): 135-136.
- ^ Engineering News-Record 159, no. 4 (July 25, 1957): 120.
- ^ a b c George McCue, The Building Art in St. Louis: Two Centuries (St. Louis: St. Louis Chapter, American Institute of Architects, 1967)
- ^ a b "Van Hoefen, Hari" in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1962): 723.
- ^ "Schwarz, Arthur F(rederick)" in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1962): 626-623.
- ^ Mansion House Center Historic District NRHP Registration Form (2016)
- ^ a b "Schwarz, Arthur Frederick" in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1970): 616.
- ^ Council Plaza NRHP Registration Form (2007)
- ^ NiNi Harris, Legacy of Lions, ed. John Lindenbusch (University City: Historical Society of University City, 1981): 24.
- ^ "Building on a Strong Foundation" in 216: A Community Publication of the Jewish Hospital of St. Louis 23, no. 4 (August, 1974): 13-16.
- ^ a b Eduardo Delgado Orusco and Enrique Jerez Abajo, "La Efímera Vida En San Luis Del Pabellón De España De Javier Carvajal Para La Feria Mundial De Nueva York 1964-1965" in En Blanco 23 (2021): 101-115.
- ^ "Breckenridge Plans Big Hotel" in St. Louis Commerce 54, no. 10 (December, 1980): 82.
- ^ "Conference Center Advances" in St. Louis Commerce 56, no. 3 (March, 1982): 108.
- ^ Buildings 81 (1987): 48.