User:Kinkreet/eRNA
Enhancer ribonucleic acid (eRNA) is a class of RNA molecules . Enhancer RNAs are distinct from the class of exosome-enriched RNAs, or extracellular RNAs, which also uses the abbreviation 'eRNA',[1] although usually it is abbreviated as 'exRNA'.
History[edit]
Nucleic acids was first discovered in 1869 by Friedrich Miescher, a Swiss physician working in the lab of biochemist Felix Hoppe-Seyler, at the University of Tübingen.[2][3] But it was not until 1958, with the discovery of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) during the 50's, which gave RNAs a definitive role in the cell. Crick's famous paper, On protein synthesis,[4] implied that the role of the RNA was to encode information to produce proteins, and that DNA makes RNA which makes proteins. Thus, for about 7 years, the role of RNA was viewed to be coding for proteins. This is until 1965, when the structure of the first non-coding RNA, an alanine transfer RNA (tRNA) from baker's yeast, was published.[5] tRNAs transfer amino acids to ribosomes, where they are matched according to the mRNA sequence, and added onto the nascent polypeptide chain in a process called translation. Subsequently, other non-coding RNAs have been discovered, such as ribosomal RNAs (rRNA), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), transfer-messenger RNAs (tmRNAs), telomerase RNA component (TERC), long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) plus many more. RNAs have now been shown to function in post-translational modifications, regulating gene expression, in the immune response, as well as processing other RNAs.
Structure[edit]
Functions[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ . doi:10.1186/1471-2164-12-S3-S18.
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(help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ . doi:10.1007/s00439-007-0433-0.
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(help) - ^ . doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.11.028.
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(help) - ^ Crick, Francis. "On protein synethesis". Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology (12): 138–163.
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(help) - ^ . doi:10.1126/science.147.3664.1462.
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(help) - ^ . PMID 20463730.
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