User:Margonsil77/WomenInPhysics
The summer school is part of the Erasmus+ Strategic Partnership ‘Diversity in the Cultures of Physics‘ between Freie Universität Berlin, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Uppsala Universitet, The University of Manchester, and the University of Sheffield.[1]
Introduction
[edit]What is Wikipedia?
[edit]
Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.
The fundamental principles of Wikipedia may be summarized in five "pillars":
- Wikipedia is an encyclopedia
- Wikipedia is written from a neutral point of view
- Wikipedia is free content that anyone can use, edit, and distribute
- Wikipedia's editors should treat each other with respect and civility
- Wikipedia has no firm rules
| Rang | Language | Articles | Users | Active User | |
| 1 | English | en | 5,887,258 | 36,712,330 | 121,679 |
| 9 | Spanish | es | 1,531,601 | 5,485,122 | 16,314 |
| 20 | Catalan | ca | 617,011 | 328,070 | 1,238 |
Some stats and numbers
[edit]- Comparison of pageviews across multiple pages
- Top 100 most visited articles
- Real-time edition counter
Gender Gap and Systemic Bias in Wikipedia
[edit]- In Wikimedia projects, when we talk about “Gender Gap” in participation we are refering to the infra-representation of users who identified as women, genderfuid or gender non-conforming.
- The annual report of the WMF 2016 reports that only 13% of the total number of people who edit Wikipedia are women, a gender gap that leaves an inevitable footprint in Wikipedia's content. When biographies and concepts are edited and published by people who has little aware of the importance of the gender perspective to address the well reported gap in content and participation, those biographies and concepts keep reproducing biases that are not helping build the sum of all knowledge. In addition only 10% of wikipedia users identify as women
- The Wikipedia project strives for a neutral point of view in its coverage of subjects, both in terms of the articles that are created and the content, perspective and sources within these articles. However, this goal is inhibited by systemic bias created by the shared social and cultural characteristics of most editors, and it results in an imbalanced coverage of subjects and perspectives on the encyclopedia (read more about Systemic Bias in Wikipedia)
Causes
[edit]- The Wikimedia Foundation executive director Sue Gardner cited nine reasons why women don't edit Wikipedia, culled from comments by female Wikipedia editors:
- A lack of user-friendliness in the editing interface
- Not having enough free time
- A lack of self-confidence
- Aversion to conflict and an unwillingness to participate in lengthy edit wars
- Belief that their contributions are too likely to be reverted or deleted
- Some find its overall atmosphere misogynistic
- Wikipedia culture is sexual in ways they find off-putting
- Being addressed as male is off-putting to women whose primary language has grammatical gender
- Fewer opportunities than other sites for social relationships and a welcoming tone
- In a recent research on Gender Diversity Mapping lead by the well-known American Wikipedian Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight, five themes emerged:
- Gender is highly culturally contextualized and can only be understood through a person’s cultural context
- The wikimedia community is not as inclusive as it could be, although issues of inclusion and gender fluidity are complex
- Implicit biases “permeates everything” and create a false sense of neutrality
- It is important to acknowledge various degrees of participation and to not not creating a hierarchy
- It is important narrating own stories through women’s voices and countering bias
- Stephenson-Goodknight presented the first research findings in the Wikipedia Diversity Conference 2017, along with different participant contributions from where the themes that she were presenting emerged. One of the participants argued that “There is no such thing as voiceless, you are just denied hearing [our voices], [their voices], amplifying them”.
Some interesting links
[edit]- Weekly monitoring of the increase in women's biographies
- Gender gap in Wikimedia projects: https://www.denelezh.org/
- Only 17% of English Wikipedia's biographies are about women: https://annual.wikimedia.org/2016/fact-5.html
- Kit Art+Feminism: Quick guides, short instructional videos and slide decks to get you started contributing to Wikipedia.
- Gender bias on Wikipedia
Start collaborating!
[edit]What is an article?
[edit]A Wikipedia article or entry is a page on this site that has encyclopedic information on it. A well-written encyclopedia article:
- identifies a notable topic,
- summarizes that topic comprehensively,
- is written in an encyclopedic style of language,
- has been well copyedited,
- contains references to reliable sources, and
- contains wikilinks to and is linked to by other articles or article sections about related topics.
Non-writing tasks
[edit]Not everything consists on writing articles, there are other non-writing tasks that need attention too:
- Adding reliable sources to existing aticles (Wikipedia:Reliable sources)
- Adding categories to an article (Help:Category)
- Adding images
- Adding wiki-links
Writing biographies
[edit]Basic guidelines
[edit]Biography articles follow particular rules for consistency and ease of use,
- Title: the article title should generally be the name by which the subject is most commonly known.
- First paragraph: the lead section must summarize the life and works of the person. In general, the opening paragraph contains:
- Full name and titles if any
- Dates of birth and death
- Context (location)
- The noteworthy position(s), activities they took part in or other roles
- Why the person is notable
- Tense:
- Biographies of living persons should be witten in the present tense
- Biographies of deceased persons should be written in the past tense
- Historical events should be written in the past tense in all biographies
Create an account
[edit]- How to create an account?
Lists of women in Physics
[edit]Women in Physics without Wikipedia page
[edit]List of women[2] without Wikipedia page:
- Eleonore Albrecht
- Eva Vilhelmina Julia Von Bahr-Bergius
- Madeleine Barnothy
- Herta Becker-Rose
- Wilma Bender
- Lucie Blanquies
- Cäcilia Böhm-Wendt
- Harrdet T. Brooks
- Eleanor Irene Burns
- Catherine Chamié
- Marguerite Jeanne Cordeer
- H. Dobrowolska
- Winifred E. Fage
- Hermine Jacoba Folmer
- H. Fonovist-Smereker
- Friederike Friedmann
- Anna Gabler
- Renée Galabert
- Helen Gilroy
- Marthe Giraud
- Guro Else Gjellestad
- Aleksandra Andreyvna Glagoleva-Arkad'yeva
- Frieda Goldschmidt
- Lucy Julia Hayner
- Berta Heimann
- Julia Frances Herrick
- Lulu Broadbent Joslin
- Adéla Kochanowská
- Hedwig Kohn
Articles that can be improved
[edit]Articles that can be translated into Catalan
[edit]| WP-EN | Birth | Death | Field | Contributions |
| Elizabeth Alexander | 1908 | 1958 | Geology Physics | Radioastronomy |
| Milla Baldo-Ceonlin | 1924 | 2011 | Física de partícules | |
| Sidney C. Wolff | 1941 | Astrophysics | ||
| Marcela Carena | 1962 | Theoretcal Physics | ||
| Yvette Cauchois | 1908 | 1999 | Physics | Contributions to x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray optics |
| Catherine Cesarsky | 1943 | Astronomy | ||
| Anja Cetti Andersen | 1965 | Astronomia & Astrofísica | ||
| Katherine Clerk Maxwell | 1824 | 1886 | Physics | Observations which supported and contributed to the discoveries of her husband |
| Sanja Damjanović | 1972 | Physics | ||
| Louise Dolan | 1950 | Mathematical Physics | ||
| Jo Dunkley | 1979 | Astrophysics | ||
| Amalia Ercoli Finzi | 1937 | Astrophysics | Worked with Philae spacecraft | |
| Priscilla Fairfield Bok | 1896 | 1975 | Astronomy | |
| Joan Feynman | 1927 | Astrophysics | ||
| Helen Freedhoff | 1940 | 2017 | Physics | Interaction of light with atoms |
| Charlotte Froese Fischer | 1929 | Mathematics and comuter sciences | ||
| Mary Katherine Gaillard | 1939 | Theoretcal Physics | ||
| Fanny Gates | 1872 | 1931 | Physics | Radioactive materials |
| Naomi Ginsberg | 1979 | Physics and Chemistry | ||
| Daphne Jacson Trust | 1936 | 2001 | Nuclear physics | |
| Jane Hamilton Hall | 1915 | 1981 | Physics | Worked on the Manhattan Project |
| Margrete Heiberg Bose | 1865 | 1952 | Física | |
| Lorella Jones | 1943 | 1995 | Physics | |
| Christine Jones Forman | Physics nuclear | |||
| Vassiliki Kalogera | Astrophysics | |||
| Lisa Kaltenegger | 1977 | Astronomy | ||
| Elizaveta Karamihailova | 1897 | 1968 | Nuclear physics | Pioneer at the begining of the 20th century |
| Berta Karlik | 1904 | 1990 | Physics | |
| Marcia Keith | 1859 | 1950 | Physics | |
| Pamela L. Gay | 1973 | Astronomy, Education | ||
| Hilde Levi | 1909 | 2003 | Radioactivity | Used radioactive isotopes in biology and medicine |
| Margaret Eliza Maltby | 1860 | 1944 | Physics | |
| Ann Elizabeth Nelson | 1958 | Physics | ||
| Mazlan Othman | 1951 | Astrophysics | ||
| Hiranya Peiris | Astrophysics | |||
| Charlotte Riefenstahl | 1899 | 1993 | Physics | |
| Maria Spiropulu | Experimental Physics | |||
| Bertha Swirles | 1903 | 1999 | Quantum Theory | |
| Valery Troitskaya | 1917 | 2010 | Geophysics | |
| Anne Barbara Underhill | 1920 | 2003 | Physics | |
| Toshiko Yuasa | 1909 | 1980 | Nuclear physics | |
| Fay Ajzenberg-Selove | 1926 | 2012 | Nuclear physics | |
| Magdalena González Sánchez | 1974 | Astrophysics and Nuclear Physics | ||
| Noemie Benczer Koller | 1933 | Nuclear Physics | ||
| Daphne Jackson | 1936 | 1991 | Nuclear Physics | |
| Nancy M. Dowdy | Physics | |||
| Julie Ezold | Nuclear engineering | |||
| Catherine Meusburger | 1978 | String Theory | ||
| Julia Yeomans | 1954 | Theoretical Physics | ||
| Maria Clara Eimmart | 1676 | 1707 | Astronomer | |
| Jeanne Dumée | 1660 | 1706 | Astronomer |
WikiProjects
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Diversity in the Cultures of Physics Summer School Barcelona – Uppsala, 2018". Department of Physics UAB.
- ^ Ogilvie, Marilyn Bailey. Harvey, Joy Dorothy. (2000). The biographical dictionary of women in science : pioneering lives from ancient times to the mid-20th century. Routledge. ISBN 0415920388. OCLC 186421873.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)