User:Mr. Ibrahem/Loratadine

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Mr. Ibrahem/Loratadine
Clinical data
Trade namesClaritin, Claratyne, Clarityn, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa697038
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classSecond-generation antihistamine
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailabilityalmost 100%
Protein binding97–99%
Metabolismliver (CYP2D6- and 3A4-mediated)
Elimination half-life8 hours, active metabolite desloratadine 27 hours
Excretion40% as conjugated metabolites into urine
Similar amount into the feces
Identifiers
  • Ethyl 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)-1-piperidinecarboxylate
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC22H23ClN2O2
Molar mass382.89 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C(OCC)N4CC/C(=C2/c1ccc(Cl)cc1CCc3cccnc23)CC4
  • InChI=1S/C22H23ClN2O2/c1-2-27-22(26)25-12-9-15(10-13-25)20-19-8-7-18(23)14-17(19)6-5-16-4-3-11-24-21(16)20/h3-4,7-8,11,14H,2,5-6,9-10,12-13H2,1H3 checkY
  • Key:JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Loratadine, sold under the brand name Claritin among others, is a medication used to treat allergies.[4] This includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and hives.[4] It is also available in combination with pseudoephedrine, a decongestant, known as loratadine/pseudoephedrine.[4] It is taken by mouth.[4]

Common side effects include sleepiness, dry mouth, and headache.[4] Serious side effects are rare and include allergic reactions, seizures, and liver problems.[6] Use during pregnancy appears to be safe but has not been well studied.[7] It is not recommended in children less than two years old.[6] It is in the second-generation antihistamine family of medication.[4]

Loratadine was patented in 1980 and came to market in 1988.[8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[9] Loratadine is available as a generic medication.[4] The wholesale cost in the developing world is about US$0.01 to 0.06 per dose as of 2015.[10] In the United States, it is available over the counter.[4] In 2017, it was the 59th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than twelve million prescriptions.[11][12]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Loratadine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 10 February 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  2. ^ "Clarityn Allergy 10mg Tablets (P & GSL) - Patient Information Leaflet (PIL)". (emc). 30 August 2019. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  3. ^ "LORATADINE oral - Essential drugs". medicalguidelines.msf.org. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Loratadine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  5. ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  6. ^ a b "Clarityn Allergy 10mg Tablets (P) - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (eMC)". www.medicines.org.uk. 7 October 2015. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
  7. ^ "Loratadine Use During Pregnancy". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
  8. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 549. ISBN 9783527607495.
  9. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  10. ^ "Loratadine". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
  11. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  12. ^ "Loratadine - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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