User:Mr. Ibrahem/Subconjunctival bleeding
| Subconjunctival bleeding | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Subconjunctival hemorrhage, subconjunctival haemorrhage, hyposphagma |
 | |
| Subconjunctival hemorrhage resulting in red coloration of the white of the eye. | |
| Specialty | Ophthalmology |
| Symptoms | Red spot over whites of the eye, little to no pain[1] |
| Complications | None[2] |
| Duration | Two to three weeks[2] |
| Types | Traumatic, spontaneous[2] |
| Causes | Coughing, vomiting, direct injury[2] |
| Risk factors | High blood pressure, diabetes, older age[2] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on the appearance[2] |
| Differential diagnosis | Open globe, retrobulbar hematoma, conjunctivitis, pterygium[2] |
| Treatment | No specific treatment[3] |
| Medication | Artificial tears[2] |
| Prognosis | Good, 10% risk of reoccurance[2] |
| Frequency | Common[4] |
Subconjunctival bleeding, also known as subconjunctival hemorrhage, is bleeding from a small blood vessel over the whites of the eye.[1] It results in a red spot in the white of the eye.[1] There is generally little to no pain and vision is not affected.[2][3] Typically only one eye is affected.[2]
Causes can include coughing, vomiting, heavy lifting, and direct injury including that from wearing contact lenses.[2] Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, older age, blood thinners, and trauma including that from wearing contact lenses.[2] They occur in about 2% of newborns following a vaginal delivery.[2] The blood occurs between the conjunctiva and the episclera.[2] Diagnosis is largely based on the appearance.[2]
Usually no specific treatment is required and the condition improves in two to three weeks.[2] Artificial tears may be used to help with any irritation.[2] They occur relatively commonly.[4] Both sexes are affected equally.[2] Spontaneous bleeding occurs more commonly over the age of 50 while the traumatic type occurs more often in young males.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Boyd, Kierstan (23 April 2020). "What is a Subconjunctival Hemorrhage?". American Academy of Ophthalmology. Archived from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
{{cite web}}:|archive-date=/|archive-url=timestamp mismatch; 24 November 2020 suggested (help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Doshi, R; Noohani, T (January 2020). "Subconjunctival Hemorrhage". StatPearls. PMID 31869130. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ^ a b Cronau, H; Kankanala, RR; Mauger, T (15 January 2010). "Diagnosis and management of red eye in primary care". American Family Physician. 81 (2): 137–44. PMID 20082509.
- ^ a b Gold, Daniel H.; Lewis, Richard Alan (2010). Clinical Eye Atlas. Oxford University Press. p. 82. ISBN 978-0-19-534217-8. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2020-05-07.