User:Tony Mach/Pituitary
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The hormones of the pituitary effect several organs in the body, as such, over- or underproduction of these hormones can affect the end organs in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis or hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis.
Axis | Results of pituitary hyposecretion | Results of pituitary hypersecretion |
---|---|---|
HPA /Adrenal | Secondary hypocortisolism Sheehan's syndrome |
Secondary hypercortisolism Cushing's disease, Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome |
HPT / Thyroid | Secondary hypothyroidism | Hyperthyroidism |
HPG / Gonads | Example | Example |
Growth / IGF-1 | Example | Example |
Prolactin (PRL) | Example | Example |
Vasopressin (AVP) (Antidiuretic hormone, ADH) |
Diabetes insipidus hypernatremia (increased blood sodium concentration), polyuria (excess urine production), and polydipsia (thirst) |
Vasopressin#Excess_AVP Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone hypersecretion (SIADH) |
Oxytocin (OXT) | Example | Example |
HPT | HPA | HPG | Growth | Breast | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Releasing hormone | TRH | CRH | GnRH | GHRH | Dopamine (inhibitor) |
Pituitary cells | Thyrotrope | Corticotrope | Gonadotrope | Somatotrope | Lactotrope |
Pituitary hormone | TSH | ACTH | LH and FSH | GH | Prolactin |
End organ | Thyroid | Adrenal | Gonads (Testes or ovaries) |
Liver | Breast gland |
Product | Thyroxine | Cortisol | Testosterone or estradiol | IGF-1 | Milk (no feedback) |