User:Victar/Haplogroup J1c3d (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup J1c3d | |
---|---|
Possible time of origin | 5,750 to 7,500 BP |
Possible place of origin | Anatolia/Levant |
Ancestor | J1c3 |
Defining mutations | L147.1 |
Highest frequencies | Semites |
In human genetics, Haplogroup J1c3d (L147.1) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup which is a subclade of haplogroup J1c3.
Origin[edit]
The expansion of Haplogroup J1c3d is closely tied to the expansion of the Semitic languages, they themselves both linked to the expansion of herder–hunters moving into the arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula.[1] Kitchen et al propose the divergence within Semitic languages occurred approximately 5750 years ago in the Levant[2], which is both consistent with J1c3d's age estimate and its parent clade's place of highest diversity.
People of the Haplogroup J1c3 orginally possibly spoke a language similar to Alarodian derived languages. Semitic shows an interesting degree of relatedness with Nakho-Daghestani of Anatolia (including Turkey, Armenia, and Georgia) as Roy King has shown through his works[3], this language also could have hypothetically been involved in the formation of Afroasiatic as Haplogroup J1.
Some of its clades have been found in non-negligible frequency amongst Copts, Bejas and Guanches all of whom are non-Semitic Afroasiatic speakers while retaining the fact that African branches of Afroasiatic contain Caucasian and Sumerian loanwards, thus making another case for the lineage's Near Eastern origin.
Afroasiatic languages spread from the Levant into Africa between 7000 and 12,000 years ago, probably in more than one movement. Subsequent history has seen an enormous spread of Semitic languages, including Ethiopian Semitic and, of course, Arabic, on such a scale that the original phylogenetic geography of the Afroasiatic language family must have been considerably erased.[4]
Subclades[edit]
- J1c3d L147.1
- J1c3d* -
- J1c3d1 L174.1
- J1c3d2 L222.2 formerly J1c3d1
- J1c3d2* - formerly J1c3d1*
- J1c3d2a L65.2/S159.2 formerly J1c3d1a
- J1c3d2* - formerly J1c3d1*
L147.1[edit]
The SNP marker L147.1 was first found by Family Tree DNA in 2010.
Name: L147.1
Type: snp
Description:
Source: other
Position: ChrY:6813258..6813258 (+ strand)
Length: 1
ISOGG_haplogroup: J1c3d
Mutation: T to C
YCC_haplogroup: J1c3d
allele_anc: T
allele_der: C
comments: Downstream J-P58 X()
primer_f: L15-f
primer_r: L15-r
primary_id: 41467
gbrowse_dbid: ymap:database
References[edit]
- ^ Chiaroni, Jacques; King, Roy J.; Myres, Natalie M.; Henn, Brenna M.; Mitchell, Michael J.; Boetsch, Gilles; Sheikha, Issa; Lin, Alice A.; Nik-Ahd, Mahnoosh; Ahmad, Jabeen; Lattanzi, Francesca; Herrera, Rene J.; Ibrahim, Muntaser E.; Brody, Aaron; Semino, Ornella; Kivisild, Toomas; Underhill, Peter A. (2010). "The emergence of Y-chromosome haplogroup J1e among Arabic-speaking populations". European Journal of Human Genetics. 18: 348–353. doi:10.1038.
{{cite journal}}
: Check|doi=
value (help) - ^ Kitchen, Andrew; Ehret, Christopher; Assefa, Shiferaw; Mulligan, Connie J. (2009). "Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of Semitic languages identifies an Early Bronze Age origin of Semitic in the Near East" (PDF). Royal Society Publishing. doi:10.109.
{{cite journal}}
: Check|doi=
value (help); Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - ^ Peregrine, Peter (2009). Ancient Human Migrations: A Multidisciplinary Approach. University of Utah Press. ISBN 0874809428.
{{cite book}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=
(help) - ^ Ehret, Christopher; Keita, S. O. Y.; Newman, Paul (2004). "The Origins of Afroasiatic" (PDF). Science. 306 (5702): 1680.
External links[edit]
- J1c3 and J1c3d Public Y-DNA Colorized Chart of Individuals' Haplotypes
- J1c3, J1c3d, J1c3d1, J1c3d2, J1c3d2a Haplotype Spreadsheet
- Excavating Y-chromosome haplotype strata in Anatolia
- Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of Semitic languages identifies an Early Bronze Age origin of Semitic in the Near East.
- The emergence of Y-chromosome haplogroup J1e among Arabic-speaking populations
- J project
- Y-DNA Haplogroup J and its Subclades - 2011
- Y‐chromosome variation among Sudanese: Restricted gene flow, concordance with language, geography, and history, Hisham Y. Hassan1, Peter A. Underhill2, Luca L. Cavalli-Sforza2, Muntaser E. Ibrahim
- Demographic history of Canary Islands male gene-pool: replacement of native lineages by European
- Geographical Structure of the Y-chromosomal Genetic Landscape of the Levant: A coastal-inland contrast Mirvat El-Sibai, Daniel E. Platt, Marc Haber, Yali Xue, Sonia C. Youhanna, R. Spencer Wells, Hassan Izaabel, May F. Sanyoura, Haidar Harmanani, Maziar Ashrafian Bonab, Jaafar Be