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December 1

was George Wishart Lutheran ?

was George Wishart Lutheran ? the article at Scottish Reformation Parliament seems to indicate so.

Scottish Protestants in the 1520s and 1530s were Lutherans such as Patrick Hamilton and George Wishart, who translated the First Helvetic Confession written by Heinrich Bullinger..

however there is not much support for this on Wikipedia. for example the same article says Wishart was a "student at the University of Leuven" and "may have visited Germany and Switzerland". Early modern Britain refers to him as a "Proto-Calvinist" ,whilst Kingdom of Scotland says he was "Zwingli-influenced".since John Knox visited Germany, and is referred to as Presbyterian, would it be accurate to call George Wishart Lutheran ? Gfigs (talk) 08:37, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Luther's Scottish Connection (p. 70) says that Wishart "helped to promote the Swiss brand of reform". Alansplodge (talk) 11:27, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

George Wishart: His Life and Influence on the Reformation says: "While on the Continent, he came under the influence of the Swiss and German Reformers. His introduction to them had a profound effect upon him and he became a convinced Calvinist". Alansplodge (talk) 13:25, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

yes, Huldrych Zwingli, was Swiss. as the George Wishart article mentions :

Wishart's preaching in 1544–45 helped popularize the teachings of Calvin and Zwingli in Scotland.

there does seem to be some certainty that Wishart visited Germany. for instance Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)-John Knox says :

George Wishart, who had come home from his travels in Germany a confirmed Protestant.

he certainly was influenced by Luther. "Dictionary of National Biography - John Knox" refers to Wishart as a

champion of Lutheran doctrines.

and Catholic Encyclopedia(1913)-The Reformation mentions at least three other Reformers who may have been Scottish Lutherans : "Patrick Hamilton, Henry Forest, and Alexander Seton." There is also Alexander Ales. Christianity in the 16th century on the other hand

says :

1572 John Knox, founded Scottish Presbyterian Church, due to disagreement with Lutherans over sacraments and church government.

and Scottish religion in the seventeenth century says :

The 16th century Reformation created a Church of Scotland, popularly known as the kirk, predominantly Calvinist in doctrine and Presbyterian in structure.

have not found much more to indicate that Wishart was trying to promote Lutheranism in Scotland. Gfigs (talk) 15:04, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Long form of M.R.A.S.?

Greetings,

1) What is long form of M.R.A.S. mentioned in Thomas Hughes (priest)'s s:Index:A dictionary of Islam.djvu?

2) I do have more questions on Thomas Hughes (priest)'s like in 1885 AD being at a far off corner of Peshawar he seems to have built fairly close book on Islam s:Index:A dictionary of Islam.djvu the most surprising part he had quoted Saud to Ottoman letter. This brings questions to one's mind how did he collect sources on Islam and Saud from beyond India sitting in at a far off corner of Peshawar?

Thanks Bookku (talk) 09:04, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

MRAS = Member of the Royal Asiatic Society. DuncanHill (talk) 09:23, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

And as for Peshawar, it was hardly a backwater. Hughes would have had access to Islamic scholars in the city, and as a member of the RAS he would have been in correspondence with experts far and wide. DuncanHill (talk) 14:42, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@DuncanHill: As you said he seems to have had access to information through R.A.S. network. And very likely some good local scholar seems to have helped him. Thanks for sharing the information and warm regards. Bookku (talk) 02:28, 2 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Soiled Dove

Why was it called the Soiled Dove Plea? "Soiled" and "dove" don't appear in the text. Marnanel (talk) 15:12, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Apparently "soiled dove" was an ~~American~~ 19th century euphemism for a prostitute. [1] A Dictionary of Slang, Jargon and Cant (1890) p. 276 Alansplodge (talk) 15:23, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I have added this to the article. Alansplodge (talk) 09:04, 2 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Thank you! Marnanel (talk) 02:43, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

John F. McDonnell

I discovered John F. McDonnell has a photo available at the Wayback Machine, then I uploaded to Wikipedia, anyone who can help me to confirm this photo is acceptable for fair use, or he has a photo can be used under a free license? --Great Brightstar (talk) 15:46, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Try Wikimedia Commons Help Desk. Alansplodge (talk) 15:54, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Generally speaking, where someone is still alive Wikipedia doesn’t allow fair use images of that person. Either the image needs to be freely licensed or a different photo with free licensing must be found. 2601:248:527E:88D0:BC25:A0E1:9E1C:3E33 (talk) 18:18, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Unknown Nazi Badge/Medal

My friend was given some old medals. We have identified most of them but this one. For some reason we can't find anything on it. The closest we have found a Nazi mountain tour medal. I'd add a picture, but wiki wont let me add the photo for some reason.

Description: Flower with a shield in the middle, golden colored bits around the shield, bottom part of the shield has Nazi symbol, then above that there is what seems to be a black tower on a black hill or mountain that has different levels.

Picture of the front of the medal: https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/775806740695482410/783435445958082580/image0.jpg

Picture of the back of the medal: https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/775806740695482410/783439987399196692/image0.jpg — Preceding unsigned comment added by Bobafet395 (talk • contribs) 21:39, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

This site [2] has some details. Fut.Perf. ☼ 21:51, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Well done! Some background is at Kyffhäuserbund (basically a veteran's association). Alansplodge (talk) 23:27, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]