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Zen Arcade

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Zen Arcade
Studio album by
Hüsker Dü
ReleasedJuly 1, 1984
RecordedOctober 1983 at Total Access Recording in Redondo Beach, California
Genre
Length70:09
LabelSST (027)
ProducerHüsker Dü, Spot
Hüsker Dü chronology
Metal Circus
(1983) 		Zen Arcade
(1984) 		New Day Rising
(1985)

Zen Arcade is the second studio album by American punk rock band Hüsker Dü, released in July 1984 on SST Records. Originally released as a double album on two vinyl LPs, Zen Arcade tells the story of a young boy who runs away from an unfulfilling home life, only to find the world outside is even worse.[7] Zen Arcade and subsequent Hüsker Dü albums were instrumental in the creation of the alternative rock genre,[8][9] and it is considered by some to be one of the greatest rock albums of all time.[10][11][12]

Background

Hüsker Dü had gained notice in the American indie music scene of the early 1980s as a fast, aggressive hardcore punk band. They were the first non-West Coast group signed to the California independent record label SST Records, which at the time specialized in releases by hardcore bands, most notably Black Flag. However, the trio's music was becoming more melodic and nuanced with each album; songs such as "Diane" (from the EP Metal Circus), a true story about the rape and murder of a young woman, covered subjects not addressed in hardcore at the time, and the band indicated an interest in 1960s rock by covering The Byrds' "Eight Miles High".

In an interview with Steve Albini for his Matter column in 1983, singer and guitarist Bob Mould told Albini: "We're going to try to do something bigger than anything like rock & roll and the whole puny touring band idea. I don't know what it's going to be, we have to work that out, but it's going to go beyond the whole idea of 'punk rock' or whatever."[13][14]

The band began rehearsing in preparation for the album during the summer of 1983, in a church-turned-punk squat in St. Paul, Minnesota. The band brainstormed lyrics and musical ideas during jam sessions that lasted several hours.[15] Mould and drummer Grant Hart were the band's songwriters, and prior to embarking to California to record Zen Arcade, Mould was moved (by artwork that Hart had done for another band that did not list songwriting credits) to demand that Zen Arcade list individual songwriter credits.[7] This practice would continue on all of the band's subsequent albums and would contribute to ever-growing tensions between Mould and Hart.

Recording and production

As their EP Metal Circus was being released, Hüsker Dü entered the Total Access studio in Redondo Beach, California to record their next album with SST producer Spot. The band recorded 25 tracks, with all but two songs ("Something I Learned Today" and "Newest Industry") being first takes, in 40 hours. The entire album was then mixed in one 40-hour session; the entire album took 85 hours to record and produce and cost $3,200.[7] The band collaborated with underground contemporaries during recording; "What's Going On" contains guest vocals from ex-Black Flag vocalist Dez Cadena.

"Eight Miles High" was also recorded at the sessions and released as a non-album single in April 1984.[16] In a 2019 interview with Stereogum, Mould talked about the track, saying, "Everything we did in the studio, basic tracks, was first take. We did not want to use one of the songs from the album as a warm up track. We would jam a little. We had to do something, so that was the first song. We did that, and I did vocals right away to warm up. It's a pretty crazy vocal take. It became this calling card, at the moment, for the band, coming out right before Zen Arcade.[17]

Music

Zen Arcade, in line with previous Hüsker Dü albums, had a mainly hardcore punk focus, with songs such as "Indecision Time" and "Pride" displaying common traits of the hardcore punk genre. However, the album also marked the point where the band introduced a more melodic and guitar-driven musical style, with elements of acoustic folk ("Never Talking to You Again"), psychedelia ("Hare Krsna" and "The Tooth Fairy and the Princess") and piano interludes ("One Step at a Time," "Monday Will Never Be the Same"), concepts rarely touched upon in early '80s hardcore punk.

Indicative of the band's desire for the album to be taken as a whole, no singles were released from it.[original research?]

"Something I Learned Today"

The opening song, written by guitarist Bob Mould, was often used to open their set as early as 1983. The lyric describes growing up and trusting few people. A fast-paced song with simple verse and chord progressions, it begins with a simple drum beat, then an undulating bass rhythm, and finally kicks into the verse riff. Mould and Hart harmonize vocally in the chorus.

"Something I Learned Today" and "Newest Industry" were the album's only songs that were not recorded in one take.[18]

Narrative

Zen Arcade tells the story of a young man who runs away to escape a miserable and abusive home life ("Broken Home, Broken Heart", "Never Talking to You Again"). The character briefly joins the military ("Chartered Trips"), turns to religion ("Hare Krsna"), and seems to find a tenuous peace through love ("Somewhere") before losing his lover to drugs ("Pink Turns to Blue").[19] He reaches a point of despair, ultimately concluding that he won't be able to change his circumstances ("Newest Industry", "Whatever") before waking up to find that the whole odyssey had occurred in his subconscious during a night of troubled sleep; the challenges of his life—for better or worse—remain in front of him ("The Tooth Fairy and the Princess", "Turn on the News"). "Reoccurring Dreams", a disorienting 14-minute instrumental that reprises a shorter instrumental interlude ("Dreams Reoccurring"), closes the album.

Release

While the band insisted sales would be strong for Zen Arcade, SST initially pressed only between 3,500 and 5,000 copies of the album. The album was out of stock for months afterward and the delay in further copies stifled sales.[20]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[21]
Chicago Tribune[22]
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music[23]
The Great Rock Discography9/10[24]
MusicHound Rock[25]
Q[26]
Rolling Stone[27]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[28]
Spin Alternative Record Guide10/10[29]
The Village VoiceA−[30]

Upon its release Zen Arcade received positive reviews in many mainstream publications, including NME,[31] The New York Times[32] and Rolling Stone. In his review for Rolling Stone, David Fricke described Zen Arcade as "the closest hardcore will ever get to an opera ... a kind of thrash Quadrophenia."[27]

Zen Arcade placed eighth in The Village Voice annual Pazz & Jop poll[33] and Robert Christgau declared in his annual review of the poll's results that, while he preferred peers The Replacements' Let It Be, the song "Turn On the News" garnered his nomination for song of the year.[34] The critical praise given to the album drew attention from major labels, including Warner Bros. Records, with whom Hüsker Dü would eventually sign in 1985.[35]

Legacy

The release of Zen Arcade inspired SST label-mates Minutemen to record their own double album, Double Nickels on the Dime in 1984.[36] By spring of 1985 Zen Arcade had sold 20,000 copies,[37] and in subsequent years it has maintained a high critical status regardless of commercial success. AllMusic says in its review of the album that "Hüsker Dü try everything" and while "that reckless, ridiculously single-minded approach does result in some weak moments," it is "also the key to the success of Zen Arcade."[21] In 1989, it was ranked #33 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 100 greatest albums of the 1980s.[38] The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has placed "Turn On the News" on its list of "500 songs that shaped rock and roll."[39] It was ranked #4 on Spin magazine's list of top 100 Alternative music albums, ahead of Nirvana's Nevermind (#5), and Patti Smith's Horses (#6).[29] It was also ranked the 32nd best album of the 1980s by Pitchfork Media, who also included "Pink Turns to Blue" in The Pitchfork 500.[40] Slant Magazine listed the album at #73 on its list of "Best Albums of the 1980s".[41] Andy Cairns, from the Northern Irish alternative band Therapy?, listed the album as his seventh favourite album of all time on an article for the online music publication Louder Than War. In the article, Cairns said "I got this at a time when [I] needed to hear fearsome music that wasn't just boneheaded rage. An album to completely lose yourself in, a punk headphone album. After sitting through the whole album the world takes on a different colour and taste. The first time [I] heard it [I] thought it sounded like The Byrds with a fuzzbox. I love not only the tunes but all the little interludes and backwards masking that goes on. The whole thing just shimmers from start to finish."[42]

Covers

In addition to the above-mentioned covers, Zen Arcade was the subject of two tribute albums, Du Huskers: The Twin Cities Replays Zen Arcade (Synapse Recordings, 1993)[43] and the fan-compiled Something I Learned Today: An International Tribute to Zen Arcade (Krapp, 2004).[44][better source needed]

Track listing

Zen Arcade was released on double LP, CD and cassette. CD and cassette releases of the album combine all the songs onto a single disc/cassette.

Side one
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Something I Learned Today"Bob Mould2:02
2."Broken Home, Broken Heart"Mould2:04
3."Never Talking to You Again"Grant Hart1:40
4."Chartered Trips"Mould3:39
5."Dreams Reoccurring"Hart, Mould, Greg Norton1:40
6."Indecision Time"Mould2:14
7."Hare Kṛṣṇa"Hart, Mould, Norton3:35
Side two
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Beyond the Threshold"Mould1:36
2."Pride"Mould1:48
3."I'll Never Forget You"Mould2:19
4."The Biggest Lie"Mould2:02
5."What's Going On"Hart4:23
6."Masochism World"Hart, Mould2:47
7."Standing by the Sea"Hart3:22
Side three
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Somewhere"Hart, Mould2:31
2."One Step at a Time"Hart, Mould0:44
3."Pink Turns to Blue"Hart2:42
4."Newest Industry"Mould3:05
5."Monday Will Never Be the Same"Mould0:53
6."Whatever"Mould3:52
7."The Tooth Fairy and the Princess"Mould2:44
Side four
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Turn On the News"Hart4:27
2."Reoccurring Dreams"Hart, Mould, Norton14:00

Personnel

Liner notes adapted from the album sleeve.[45]

Technical
  • Hüsker Dü – producer
  • Spot – producer, engineer
  • Fake Name Graphx[46]  – artwork
  • Mark Peterson – cover photos

Charts

Chart (1985) Peak
position
UK Indie Chart[47] 11

References

Notes

  1. ^ "50 Greatest Punk Albums of All Time". Revolver. 24 May 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2023.
  2. ^ "10 ESSENTIAL HARDCORE PUNK ALBUMS". treblezine.com. April 18, 2013. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
  3. ^ Cooper, Ryan (March 26, 2019). "Punk's Most Influential Albums". LiveAbout.com. Retrieved 19 April 2022. 1984's Zen Arcade, while still predominantly a hardcore record, began exploring other sounds, including jazz, psychedelia, acoustic folk and pop -– all sounds Mould still explores today.
  4. ^ "Best Psychedelic Albums: 30 Mind-Expanding Records". 19 August 2021.
  5. ^ Pitchfork Staff (September 10, 2018). "The 200 Best Albums of the 1980s". Pitchfork. Retrieved April 25, 2023. ...Zen Arcade was one large step for the Minnesota trio and an even larger one for then-nascent indie rock.
  6. ^ Greene, Doyle (March 10, 2014). The Rock Cover Song: Culture, History, Politics. McFarland & Company. pp. 43–44. ISBN 978-0-7864-7809-5.
  7. ^ a b c Azerrad (2001), p. 181.
  8. ^ Bray, Ryan (July 26, 2014). "Two Bands, Two Records, and the Beginning of Alternative Rock". Consequence of Sound. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  9. ^ Mendelsohn, Jason; Klinger, Eric (February 27, 2015). "Counterbalance: Hüsker Dü - Zen Arcade". PopMatters. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  10. ^ "100 Best Albums of the Eighties". Rolling Stone. November 16, 1989. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  11. ^ O'Hagan, Nathan (July 28, 2016). "Spotlight Special: Hüsker Dü - 'Zen Arcade'". Clash. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  12. ^ Smith, Patrick (July 19, 2014). "Now and Zen: The greatest album of them all, Hüsker Dü's 'Zen Arcade,' turns 30". KCMP. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
  13. ^ Azerrad (2001), p. 180.
  14. ^ Albini, Steve (September 1983). "Husker Du? Only their hairdresser knows for sure". Matter.
  15. ^ Azerrad (2001), p. 179.
  16. ^ "Section 1 - Commercial Releases". Hüsker Dü Database. Retrieved February 3, 2021.
  17. ^ Leas, Ryan (February 20, 2019). "We've Got A File On You: Bob Mould". Stereogum. Retrieved February 3, 2021.
  18. ^ Zen Arcade (Media notes). Hüsker Dü. 1984.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  19. ^ Donohue, Mark T.R. "Husker Du: Zen Arcade". Nude as the News. Archived from the original on November 15, 2006. Retrieved March 6, 2007.
  20. ^ Azerrad (2001), p. 182.
  21. ^ a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Zen Arcade – Hüsker Dü". AllMusic. Retrieved April 7, 2007.
  22. ^ Kot, Greg (October 11, 1992). "As Bob Mould Went, So Went Rock Music". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
  23. ^ Larkin, Colin (2007). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th ed.). Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0857125958.
  24. ^ Martin C. Strong (1998). The Great Rock Discography (1st ed.). Canongate Books. ISBN 978-0-86241-827-4.
  25. ^ Gary Graff, ed. (1996). MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide (1st ed.). London: Visible Ink Press. ISBN 978-0-7876-1037-1.
  26. ^ "Hüsker Dü: Zen Arcade". Q (112): 152. January 1996.
  27. ^ a b Fricke, David (February 14, 1985). "Hüsker Dü: Zen Arcade / Minutemen: Double Nickels on the Dime". Rolling Stone. No. 441. Archived from the original on October 1, 2007. Retrieved January 16, 2007.
  28. ^ Sheffield, Rob (2004). "Hüsker Dü". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). London: Fireside Books. p. 399. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
  29. ^ a b Weisband, Eric; Marks, Craig, eds. (1995). "Hüsker Dü". Spin Alternative Record Guide (1st ed.). New York: Vintage Books. p. 187. ISBN 0-679-75574-8.
  30. ^ Christgau, Robert (September 25, 1984). "Christgau's Consumer Guide". The Village Voice. Retrieved March 18, 2010.
  31. ^ Kopf, Biba (September 1, 1984). "Zen And The Art Of Going Ultranova!". NME. Retrieved January 16, 2006.
  32. ^ Palmer, Robert (September 23, 1984). "New Rock From The Suburbs". The New York Times. Retrieved January 16, 2006.
  33. ^ "The 1984 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll". The Village Voice. February 19, 1985. Retrieved January 19, 2007.
  34. ^ Christgau, Robert (February 19, 1985). "The Rise of the Corporate Single". The Village Voice. Retrieved January 19, 2007.
  35. ^ Azerrad (2001), p. 190.
  36. ^ Azerrad (2001), p. 81.
  37. ^ Azerrad (2001), p. 186.
  38. ^ Azerrad, Michael; DeCurtis, Anthony (November 16, 1989). "The 100 Best Albums of the Eighties: 33 | Hüsker Dü, 'Zen Arcade'". Rolling Stone. No. 565. p. 53. Retrieved 21 February 2007.
  39. ^ "500 songs that shaped rock and roll". RockHall.com. Archived from the original on November 23, 2006. Retrieved January 19, 2007.
  40. ^ Plagenhoef, Scott; Schreiber, Ryan, eds. (November 2008). The Pitchfork 500. Simon & Schuster. p. 59. ISBN 978-1-4165-6202-3.
  41. ^ "The 100 Best Albums of the 1980s". Slant Magazine. March 5, 2012.
  42. ^ "Andy Cairns (Therapy?) : My top 10 favourite albums : number 7". Louder Than War. March 13, 2014.
  43. ^ "Various - Du Huskers: The Twin Cities Replays Zen Arcade". Discogs.
  44. ^ "Krapp Records". Powertool Records. Archived from the original on May 23, 2005. – reprinted from Drill magazine, February 2005 issue
  45. ^ Zen Arcade (Back cover). SST Records. 1984. SST 027.
  46. ^ "Fake Name Communications". Discogs. Retrieved February 3, 2021.
  47. ^ Lazell, Barry (1997). Indie Hits 1980-1989. Cherry Red Books. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved September 5, 2014.

Bibliography

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