Spiranthes sinensis

Chinese ladies' tresses
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Orchidoideae
Tribe:	Cranichideae
Genus:	Spiranthes
Species:	S. sinensis
Binomial name
	Spiranthes sinensis; (Pers.) Ames
Synonyms
	Neottia sinensis Pers. (basionym); Aristotelea spiralis Lour.; Calanthe australis Aiton ex Loudon; Epidendrum aristotelea Raeusch.; Gyrostachys amoena Blume; Gyrostachys australis (R.Br.) Blume; Gyrostachys australis var. flexuosa (Sm.) Blume; Gyrostachys congesta (Lindl.) Kuntze; Gyrostachys novifuburgensis Kuntze; Gyrostachys stylites (Lindl.) Kuntze; Gyrostachys wightiana Kuntze; Ibidium spirale (Lour.) Makino; Ibidium viridiflorum (Makino) Makino; Monustes australis (R.Br.) Raf.; Neottia amoena M.Bieb.; Neottia australis R.Br.; Neottia crispata Blume; Neottia flexuosa Sm.; Neottia parviflora Sm.; Neottia pudica (Lindl.) Sweet; Ophrys spiralis Georgi; Spiranthes amoena (M.Bieb.) Spreng.; Spiranthes aristotelea (Raeusch.) Merr.; Spiranthes australis (R.Br.) Lindl.; Spiranthes australis var. pudica (Lindl.) F.Muell.; Spiranthes australis var. suishaensis Hayata; Spiranthes australis var. viridiflora Makino; Spiranthes congesta Lindl.; Spiranthes crispata Zoll. & Moritzi; Spiranthes densa A.Rich.; Spiranthes flexuosa (Sm.) Lindl.; Spiranthes indica Lindl. ex Steud.; Spiranthes longispicata A.Rich.; Spiranthes neocaledonica Schltr.; Spiranthes novae-zelandiae Hook.f.; Spiranthes papuana Schltr.; Spiranthes parviflora; Spiranthes pudica Lindl.; Spiranthes sinensis f. autumnus Tsukaya; Spiranthes sinensis f. gracilis F.Maek. ex Tsukaya; Spiranthes sinensis var. amoena (M.Bieb.) H.Hara; Spiranthes sinensis var. australis (R.Br.) H.Hara & S.Kitam.; Spiranthes spiralis (Lour.) Makino; Spiranthes stylites Lindl.; Spiranthes suishanensis (Hayata) Schltr.; Spiranthes viridiflora (Makino) Makino; Spiranthes wightiana Lindl. ex Wall.;

Spiranthes sinensis, commonly known as the Chinese spiranthes, is a species of orchid occurring in eastern and southeastern Asia.^[1]

Spiranthes sinensis was long thought to be a species complex,^[2] and more than 30 names have been synonymized under it; recent molecular and morphological data found that the complex was composed of six distinct species. 'True' S. sinensis sensu stricto is glabrous, blooms in the spring, and has pale blush-pink flowers. This species had formerly been thought to occur throughout Asia and Australia, it is actually restricted to southeast Asia, eastern East Asia, and southern Japan. The other species to be recognized out of this species complex are Spiranthes australis, Spiranthes flexuosa, Spiranthes maokensis, Spiranthes sunii, and Spiranthes suishanensis.^[3]

References

^ Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames, Digital Flora of Taiwan
^ Lindley, John (1857). "Contributions to the orchidology of India". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. 1: 170–190.
^ Pace, Matthew C.; Giraldo, Giovanny; Frericks, Jonathan; Lehnebach, Carlos A.; Cameron, Kenneth M. (2019-01-01). "Illuminating the systematics of the Spiranthes sinensis species complex (Orchidaceae): ecological speciation with little morphological differentiation". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 189 (1): 36–62. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boy072. ISSN 0024-4074.

External links

Media related to Spiranthes sinensis at Wikimedia Commons

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[1] Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames, Digital Flora of Taiwan

[2] Lindley, John (1857). "Contributions to the orchidology of India". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. 1: 170–190.

[3] Pace, Matthew C.; Giraldo, Giovanny; Frericks, Jonathan; Lehnebach, Carlos A.; Cameron, Kenneth M. (2019-01-01). "Illuminating the systematics of the Spiranthes sinensis species complex (Orchidaceae): ecological speciation with little morphological differentiation". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 189 (1): 36–62. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boy072. ISSN 0024-4074.

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Chinese ladies' tresses

Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Orchidoideae
Tribe:	Cranichideae
Genus:	Spiranthes
Species:	S. sinensis
Binomial name
*Spiranthes sinensis* (Pers.) Ames
Synonyms
Neottia sinensis Pers. (basionym) Aristotelea spiralis Lour. Calanthe australis Aiton ex Loudon Epidendrum aristotelea Raeusch. Gyrostachys amoena Blume Gyrostachys australis (R.Br.) Blume Gyrostachys australis var. flexuosa (Sm.) Blume Gyrostachys congesta (Lindl.) Kuntze Gyrostachys novifuburgensis Kuntze Gyrostachys stylites (Lindl.) Kuntze Gyrostachys wightiana Kuntze Ibidium spirale (Lour.) Makino Ibidium viridiflorum (Makino) Makino Monustes australis (R.Br.) Raf. Neottia amoena M.Bieb. Neottia australis R.Br. Neottia crispata Blume Neottia flexuosa Sm. Neottia parviflora Sm. Neottia pudica (Lindl.) Sweet Ophrys spiralis Georgi Spiranthes amoena (M.Bieb.) Spreng. Spiranthes aristotelea (Raeusch.) Merr. Spiranthes australis (R.Br.) Lindl. Spiranthes australis var. pudica (Lindl.) F.Muell. Spiranthes australis var. suishaensis Hayata Spiranthes australis var. viridiflora Makino Spiranthes congesta Lindl. Spiranthes crispata Zoll. & Moritzi Spiranthes densa A.Rich. Spiranthes flexuosa (Sm.) Lindl. Spiranthes indica Lindl. ex Steud. Spiranthes longispicata A.Rich. Spiranthes neocaledonica Schltr. Spiranthes novae-zelandiae Hook.f. Spiranthes papuana Schltr. Spiranthes parviflora Spiranthes pudica Lindl. Spiranthes sinensis f. autumnus Tsukaya Spiranthes sinensis f. gracilis F.Maek. ex Tsukaya Spiranthes sinensis var. amoena (M.Bieb.) H.Hara Spiranthes sinensis var. australis (R.Br.) H.Hara & S.Kitam. Spiranthes spiralis (Lour.) Makino Spiranthes stylites Lindl. Spiranthes suishanensis (Hayata) Schltr. Spiranthes viridiflora (Makino) Makino Spiranthes wightiana Lindl. ex Wall.