Terra Nova Bay: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Terra Nova Bay.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Satellite image of Terra Nova Bay at bottom, with [[Inexpressible Island]] to the left]] |
[[Image:Terra Nova Bay.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Satellite image of Terra Nova Bay at bottom, with [[Inexpressible Island]] to the left]] |
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'''Terra Nova Bay''' is a bay which is often ice free, about {{convert|64|km|mi|abbr=on}} long, lying between [[Cape Washington]] and the [[Drygalski Ice Tongue]] along the coast of [[Victoria Land]], [[Antarctica]].<ref name=gnis/> It was discovered by the [[United Kingdom|British]] National Antarctic Expedition (known as the [[Discovery Expedition|''Discovery'' Expedition]]) under [[Robert Falcon Scott]], 1901–1904, and named by him after ''[[Terra Nova (ship)|Terra Nova]]'', one of the relief ships for the expedition.<ref name=gnis>{{cite gnis|type=antarid|id=15148|name=Terra Nova Bay}}</ref> The Italian permanent [[Zucchelli Station]] is located in the bay, as is the [[Jang Bogo Station]] of South Korea. |
'''Terra Nova Bay''' is a bay which is often ice free, about {{convert|64|km|mi|abbr=on}} long, lying between [[Cape Washington]] and the [[Drygalski Ice Tongue]] along the coast of [[Victoria Land]], [[Antarctica]].<ref name=gnis/> It was discovered by the [[United Kingdom|British]] National Antarctic Expedition (known as the [[Discovery Expedition|''Discovery'' Expedition]]) under [[Robert Falcon Scott]], 1901–1904, and named by him after ''[[Terra Nova (ship)|Terra Nova]]'', one of the relief ships for the expedition.<ref name=gnis>{{cite gnis|type=antarid|id=15148|name=Terra Nova Bay}}</ref> The Italian permanent [[Zucchelli Station]] is located in the bay, as is the [[Jang Bogo Station]] of South Korea. The Chinese are building a station on Inexpressible Island, which will be there fifth station in Antarctica <ref>{{Cite web |title=WAP online - china resumes construction of its fith antarctic base |url=http://www.waponline.it/china-resumes-construction-of-its-fifth-antarctic-base/ https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/china/china-fifth-antarctic-base-construction-report-b2322482.html}}</ref>. |
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During the winter the bay is often sea ice free and acting as a coastal [[polynya]] due to the katabatic winds that blow off the David, Reeves and Priestly glaciers and Nansen Ice shelf, making this an important region for sea ice formation and high salinity shelf water <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Frezzotti |first=Massimo |date=1993 |title=Glaciological study in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica, inferred from remote sensing analysis |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0260305500012623/type/journal_article |journal=Annals of Glaciology |language=en |volume=17 |pages=63–71 |doi=10.3189/S0260305500012623 |issn=0260-3055}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2007-10-18 |title=Terra Nova Bay Polynya, Antarctica |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/8134/terra-nova-bay-polynya-antarctica |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref>. |
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== Topography around Terra Nova Bay == |
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The ice shelves and glaciers around Terra Nova Bay play an important role in the dynamics of Terra Nova Bay and their area ranges from tens of km<sup>2</sup> to 2000km<sup>2</sup> <ref name=":0" />. The Reeves glacier and Priestly glacier feed into the Nansen ice shelf on the western side of Terra Nova Bay, the David glacier in the southwestern corner discharges into the ocean as the Drygalski Ice Tongue <ref name=":0" />. The Larsen Glacier is located just north of the David glacier, in the south west corner of the bay together with the [[Relief Inlet]] can be found in the south west corner of the Bay.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Relief Inlet |url=https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=GNISPQ:5:::NO::P5_ANTAR_ID:12506 |access-date=2021-05-20 |website=geonames.usgs.gov}}</ref>. Hells Gate is a small ice sheet that floats between Inexpressible Vegetation and Northern foothills islands. Mount Melbourne, an active volcano in located on the Northern side of Terra Nova Bay near Cape Washington <ref name=":0" />. |
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== Climate in Terra Nova Bay == |
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The climate in Terra Nova Bay is mostly dominated by the katabatic winds that blow off the David, Reeves and Priestly glaciers and Nansen Ice shelf <ref name=":1" />. Temperatures recorded by weather stations around Mario Zucchelli, the Italian base, are between +2 and -20 in the January and between -20 and -30 in the winter months [d]. Relative humidity is around 50% all year round, but due to the cold temperatures, the amount of water vapor is very low <ref name=":2">{{Citation |last=Colacino |first=M. |title=Climatic Characterization of the Terra Nova Bay Region |date=2000 |work=Ross Sea Ecology: Italiantartide Expeditions (1987–1995) |pages=15–26 |editor-last=Faranda |editor-first=Francesco Maria |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59607-0_2 |access-date=2024-01-26 |place=Berlin, Heidelberg |publisher=Springer |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-59607-0_2 |isbn=978-3-642-59607-0 |last2=Piervitali |first2=E. |last3=Grigioni |first3=P. |editor2-last=Guglielmo |editor2-first=Letterio |editor3-last=Ianora |editor3-first=Adrianna}}</ref>. Wind is a dominant factor in the climate of Terra Nova Bay, it experiences katabatic winds from the west, barrier winds from the south and eastern flows. The katabatic winds are particularly strong in Terra Nova Bay and originate from the SW if from the Priestly glacier and NW if from the Reeves glacier, forming a polynya event. In summer 30% of the winds are katabatic and 50% in winter and are often paired with [[Lee wave|Lee waves]] and clear skies. The cyclone of the [[Ross Sea]] pushes air off the Ross shelf northward along the mountain range on Victoria land, causing relative humid southern winds along the coast <ref name=":2" />. |
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==Antarctic Specially Protected Area== |
==Antarctic Specially Protected Area== |
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Revision as of 07:28, 26 January 2024
Terra Nova Bay is a bay which is often ice free, about 64 km (40 mi) long, lying between Cape Washington and the Drygalski Ice Tongue along the coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica.[1] It was discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (known as the Discovery Expedition) under Robert Falcon Scott, 1901–1904, and named by him after Terra Nova, one of the relief ships for the expedition.[1] The Italian permanent Zucchelli Station is located in the bay, as is the Jang Bogo Station of South Korea. The Chinese are building a station on Inexpressible Island, which will be there fifth station in Antarctica [2].
During the winter the bay is often sea ice free and acting as a coastal polynya due to the katabatic winds that blow off the David, Reeves and Priestly glaciers and Nansen Ice shelf, making this an important region for sea ice formation and high salinity shelf water [3][4].
Topography around Terra Nova Bay
The ice shelves and glaciers around Terra Nova Bay play an important role in the dynamics of Terra Nova Bay and their area ranges from tens of km2 to 2000km2 [3]. The Reeves glacier and Priestly glacier feed into the Nansen ice shelf on the western side of Terra Nova Bay, the David glacier in the southwestern corner discharges into the ocean as the Drygalski Ice Tongue [3]. The Larsen Glacier is located just north of the David glacier, in the south west corner of the bay together with the Relief Inlet can be found in the south west corner of the Bay.[5]. Hells Gate is a small ice sheet that floats between Inexpressible Vegetation and Northern foothills islands. Mount Melbourne, an active volcano in located on the Northern side of Terra Nova Bay near Cape Washington [3].
Climate in Terra Nova Bay
The climate in Terra Nova Bay is mostly dominated by the katabatic winds that blow off the David, Reeves and Priestly glaciers and Nansen Ice shelf [4]. Temperatures recorded by weather stations around Mario Zucchelli, the Italian base, are between +2 and -20 in the January and between -20 and -30 in the winter months [d]. Relative humidity is around 50% all year round, but due to the cold temperatures, the amount of water vapor is very low [6]. Wind is a dominant factor in the climate of Terra Nova Bay, it experiences katabatic winds from the west, barrier winds from the south and eastern flows. The katabatic winds are particularly strong in Terra Nova Bay and originate from the SW if from the Priestly glacier and NW if from the Reeves glacier, forming a polynya event. In summer 30% of the winds are katabatic and 50% in winter and are often paired with Lee waves and clear skies. The cyclone of the Ross Sea pushes air off the Ross shelf northward along the mountain range on Victoria land, causing relative humid southern winds along the coast [6].
Antarctic Specially Protected Area
A marine area of 29.4 km2 (11.4 sq mi) of the bay comprising a narrow strip of coastal waters about 9.4 km (5.8 mi) long, to the immediate south of Zucchelli Station, and extending to a maximum of 7 km (4.3 mi) from the shore, has been designated an Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA 161). It is an important site for long-term research on the marine ecology of benthic communities. As well as rich and complex sponge and anthozoan communities, the site supports a colony of Adélie penguins at Adélie Cove.[7]
References
- ^ a b "Terra Nova Bay". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ^ https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/china/china-fifth-antarctic-base-construction-report-b2322482.html "WAP online - china resumes construction of its fith antarctic base".
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ a b c d Frezzotti, Massimo (1993). "Glaciological study in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica, inferred from remote sensing analysis". Annals of Glaciology. 17: 63–71. doi:10.3189/S0260305500012623. ISSN 0260-3055.
- ^ a b "Terra Nova Bay Polynya, Antarctica". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 2007-10-18. Retrieved 2024-01-26.
- ^ "Relief Inlet". geonames.usgs.gov. 2021. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
- ^ a b Colacino, M.; Piervitali, E.; Grigioni, P. (2000), Faranda, Francesco Maria; Guglielmo, Letterio; Ianora, Adrianna (eds.), "Climatic Characterization of the Terra Nova Bay Region", Ross Sea Ecology: Italiantartide Expeditions (1987–1995), Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 15–26, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59607-0_2, ISBN 978-3-642-59607-0, retrieved 2024-01-26
- ^ "Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea" (PDF). Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 161: Measure 14, Annex. Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2008. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
74°50′0″S 164°30′0″E / 74.83333°S 164.50000°E
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