Orchitis: Difference between revisions
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==Symptoms== |
==Symptoms== |
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[[Symptom]]s of orchitis are similar to those of [[testicular torsion]]. These can include: |
[[Symptom]]s of orchitis are similar to those of [[testicular torsion]]. These can include:{{fact}} |
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* [[hematospermia]] (blood in the [[semen]]) |
* [[hematospermia]] (blood in the [[semen]]) |
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* [[hematuria]] (blood in the [[urine]]) |
* [[hematuria]] (blood in the [[urine]]) |
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==Causes== |
==Causes== |
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Orchitis can be related to [[epididymitis]] infection that has spread to the [[testicles]] (then called "epididymo-orchitis"), sometimes caused by the [[sexually transmitted disease]]s [[Chlamydia infection|chlamydia]] and [[gonorrhea]]. It has also been reported in cases of males infected with [[brucellosis]].<ref>''Brucellosis in Humans and Animals'' World Health Organization Publication number WHO/CDS/EPR/2006.7[http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/Brucellosis.pdf]</ref> Orchitis can also be seen during active [[mumps]], particularly in adolescent boys. |
Orchitis can be related to [[epididymitis]] infection that has spread to the [[testicles]] (then called "epididymo-orchitis"), sometimes caused by the [[sexually transmitted disease]]s [[Chlamydia infection|chlamydia]] and [[gonorrhea]]. It has also been reported in cases of males infected with [[brucellosis]].<ref>''Brucellosis in Humans and Animals'' World Health Organization Publication number WHO/CDS/EPR/2006.7[http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/Brucellosis.pdf]{{pn}}</ref> Orchitis can also be seen during active [[mumps]], particularly in adolescent boys. |
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[[Ischemic]] orchitis may result from damage to the blood vessels of the [[spermatic cord]] during [[Hernia repair|inguinal herniorrhaphy]], and may in the worst event lead to [[testicular atrophy]].<ref>Simons MP, Aufenacker T, Bay-Nielsen M, et al. |
[[Ischemic]] orchitis may result from damage to the blood vessels of the [[spermatic cord]] during [[Hernia repair|inguinal herniorrhaphy]], and may in the worst event lead to [[testicular atrophy]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Simons MP, Aufenacker T, Bay-Nielsen M, ''et al.'' |title=European Hernia Society guidelines on the treatment of inguinal hernia in adult patients |journal=Hernia |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=343–403 |year=2009 |month=August |pmid=19636493 |pmc=2719730 |doi=10.1007/s10029-009-0529-7}}</ref> |
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==Treatment== |
==Treatment== |
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In most cases where orchitis is caused by epididymitis, treatment is an oral antibiotic such as [[cefalexin]] or [[ciprofloxacin]] until infection clears up. In both causes [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] such as [[naproxen]] or [[ibuprofen]] are recommended to relieve pain. Sometimes stronger pain medications in the [[opiate]] category are called for and are frequently prescribed by experienced emergency room physicians. |
In most cases where orchitis is caused by epididymitis, treatment is an oral antibiotic such as [[cefalexin]] or [[ciprofloxacin]] until infection clears up. In both causes [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] such as [[naproxen]] or [[ibuprofen]] are recommended to relieve pain. Sometimes stronger pain medications in the [[opiate]] category are called for and are frequently prescribed by experienced emergency room physicians.{{fact}} |
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== Orchitis in animals == |
== Orchitis in animals == |
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[[File:Orkite cok2 pere polets 32 samwinnes.JPG|thumb|Severe orchitis in [[rooster]]]] |
[[File:Orkite cok2 pere polets 32 samwinnes.JPG|thumb|Severe orchitis in [[rooster]]]] |
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Orchitis is not rare in [[bull]]s and [[sheep|rams]]. |
Orchitis is not rare in [[bull]]s and [[sheep|rams]].{{fact}} |
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It has also been described in [[rooster]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Monleon R, Martin MP, John Barnes H |title=Bacterial orchitis and epididymo-orchitis in broiler breeders |journal=Avian Pathology |volume=37 |issue=6 |pages=613–7 |year=2008 |month=December |pmid=19023758 |doi=10.1080/03079450802499134}}</ref> |
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It has also been described in [[rooster]]s.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19023758</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 19:14, 24 November 2014
| Orchitis | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Urology  |
Orchitis /ˌɔːrˈkaɪtɪs/ or orchiditis /ˌɔːrkɪˈdaɪtɪs/ (from the Ancient Greek ὄρχις meaning "testicle"; same root as orchid) is inflammation of the testes.[1] It can also involve swelling, heavy pains and frequent infection, and is more rarely known as didymitis (as in epididymis).
Symptoms
Symptoms of orchitis are similar to those of testicular torsion. These can include:[citation needed]
- hematospermia (blood in the semen)
- hematuria (blood in the urine)
- severe pain
- visible swelling of a testicle or testicles and often the inguinal lymph nodes on the affected side.
Causes
Orchitis can be related to epididymitis infection that has spread to the testicles (then called "epididymo-orchitis"), sometimes caused by the sexually transmitted diseases chlamydia and gonorrhea. It has also been reported in cases of males infected with brucellosis.[2] Orchitis can also be seen during active mumps, particularly in adolescent boys.
Ischemic orchitis may result from damage to the blood vessels of the spermatic cord during inguinal herniorrhaphy, and may in the worst event lead to testicular atrophy.[3]
Treatment
In most cases where orchitis is caused by epididymitis, treatment is an oral antibiotic such as cefalexin or ciprofloxacin until infection clears up. In both causes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as naproxen or ibuprofen are recommended to relieve pain. Sometimes stronger pain medications in the opiate category are called for and are frequently prescribed by experienced emergency room physicians.[citation needed]
Orchitis in animals
Orchitis is not rare in bulls and rams.[citation needed]
It has also been described in roosters.[4]
References
- ^ "orchitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Brucellosis in Humans and Animals World Health Organization Publication number WHO/CDS/EPR/2006.7[1][page needed]
- ^ Simons MP, Aufenacker T, Bay-Nielsen M; et al. (2009). "European Hernia Society guidelines on the treatment of inguinal hernia in adult patients". Hernia. 13 (4): 343–403. doi:10.1007/s10029-009-0529-7. PMC 2719730. PMID 19636493.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Monleon R, Martin MP, John Barnes H (2008). "Bacterial orchitis and epididymo-orchitis in broiler breeders". Avian Pathology. 37 (6): 613–7. doi:10.1080/03079450802499134. PMID 19023758.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)