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{{Infobox person/Wikidata
{{BLP sources|date=February 2013}}
| name = Rino Rappuoli
⚫
'''Rino Rappuoli''', PhD is known globally for his work in [[vaccines]] and [[immunology]]. He co-founded the field of cellular microbiology, a discipline combining [[cell biology]] and [[microbiology]], and pioneered the genomic approach to vaccine development known as [[reverse vaccinology]].<ref name="pnas">{{Cite journal
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1952}}<ref name="pnas"/>
| dateformat = dmy}}
'''Rino Rappuoli''' is Chief Scientist & Head of External [[Research and development|Research and Development (R&D)]] at [[GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]] Vaccines. Previously, he has served as visiting scientist at [[Rockefeller University]] and [[Harvard Medical School]] and held roles at Sclavo, Vaccine Research and CSO, Chiron Corporation, and [[Novartis]] Vaccines.<ref name=formemrs>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429121453/https://royalsociety.org/people/rino-rappuoli-12894/|archivedate=2016-04-29|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/rino-rappuoli-12894/|publisher=[[Royal Society]]|location=London|title=Dr Rino Rappuoli ForMemRS}} One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: {{quote|“All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under [[Creative Commons license|Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]].” --{{Wayback|url=https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/|title=Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies|date=20150925220834}}}}</ref><ref name="Covacci1999">{{cite journal|last1=Covacci|first1=A.|title=Helicobacter pylori Virulence and Genetic Geography|journal=Science|volume=284|issue=5418|year=1999|pages=1328–1333|doi=10.1126/science.284.5418.1328}}</ref>

==Education==
Rappuoli earned his doctoral and bachelor's degrees in biological sciences at the [[University of Siena]].<ref name="pnas"/>

==Career and research==
⚫
He is known globally for his work in [[vaccines]] and [[immunology]]. He co-founded the field of cellular microbiology, a discipline combining [[cell biology]] and [[microbiology]], and pioneered the genomic approach to vaccine development known as [[reverse vaccinology]].<ref name="pnas">{{Cite journal
| last1 = Trivedi | first1 = B.
| last1 = Trivedi | first1 = B.
| title = Profile of Rino Rappuoli
| title = Profile of Rino Rappuoli
Line 13: Line 22:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Dr. Rappuoli led [[Chiron Corporation]]'s development of adjuvanted [[influenza]] vaccines, MENJUGATE(R) conjugate vaccine against [[meningococcal]]-C disease and the first recombinant bacterial vaccine against [[pertussis]]. Currently, Dr. Rappuoli is actively involved in the research and development of further vaccines against meningococcal disease and [[avian influenza|avian]] and pandemic influenza.
Rappuoli led [[Chiron Corporation]]'s development of adjuvanted [[influenza]] vaccines, MENJUGATE(R) conjugate vaccine against [[meningococcal]]-C disease and the first recombinant bacterial vaccine against [[pertussis]]. Currently,{{when}} Rappuoli is actively involved in the research and development of further vaccines against meningococcal disease and [[avian influenza|avian]] and pandemic influenza.

⚫
Rappuoli joined Chiron as head of European vaccines research in 1992 with the acquisition of Italian vaccines company Sclavo SpA, where he served as head of research and development. Rappuoli, was previously the Global Head of Vaccines Research for Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics (Siena, Italy)[http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/extract/103/29/10831]. Since 2015, Dr. Rappuoli serves as the Chief Scientist and Head of External R&D at the vaccines division of [[GlaxoSmithKline]] and is based in Siena, Italy[http://www.aditecproject.eu/about-aditec/project-management/dr-rino-rappuoli.html].


Major achievements include development of [[CRM197]] used in ''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'', ''[[Neisseria meningitidis]]'',<ref name="Tettelin2000">{{cite journal|last1=Tettelin|first1=H.|title=Complete Genome Sequence of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Strain MC58|journal=Science|volume=287|issue=5459|year=2000|pages=1809–1815|doi=10.1126/science.287.5459.1809}}</ref> and ''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae|pneumococcus]]'' [[vaccine]]s; an acellular [[pertussis vaccine]] containing a genetically detoxified [[pertussis]] toxin; the first conjugate vaccines against [[meningococcus]]; [[MF59]] [[Immunologic adjuvant|adjuvant]] for [[influenza]]; the meningococcus B [[genome]]-derived vaccine.<ref name=formemrs/><ref name="Pizza2000">{{cite journal|last1=Pizza|first1=M.|title=Identification of Vaccine Candidates Against Serogroup B Meningococcus by Whole-Genome Sequencing|journal=Science|volume=287|issue=5459|year=2000|pages=1816–1820|doi=10.1126/science.287.5459.1816}}</ref>
⚫
Dr. Rappuoli joined Chiron as head of European vaccines research in 1992 with the acquisition of Italian vaccines company Sclavo SpA, where he served as head of research and development. Dr. Rappuoli earned his doctoral and bachelor's degrees in biological sciences at the [[University of Siena]]. He has also served as a visiting scientist at the [[Rockefeller University]] in New York and at the [[Harvard Medical School]]. Rappuoli, was previously the Global Head of Vaccines Research for Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics (Siena, Italy)[http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/extract/103/29/10831]. Since 2015, Dr. Rappuoli serves as the Chief Scientist and Head of External R&D at the vaccines division of [[GlaxoSmithKline]] and is based in Siena, Italy[http://www.aditecproject.eu/about-aditec/project-management/dr-rino-rappuoli.html].


During his career, he has introduced several novel scientific concepts: genetic detoxification in 1987;<ref name="PizzaFontana1996">{{cite journal|last1=Pizza|first1=Mariagrazia|last2=Fontana|first2=Maria Rita|last3=Scarlato|first3=Vincenzo|last4=Rappuoli|first4=Rino|title=Genetic Detoxification of Bacterial Toxins|volume=4|year=1996|pages=91–110|doi=10.1385/0-89603-334-1:91}}</ref> [[cellular microbiology]] in 1996;<ref name="CossartBoquet1996">{{cite journal|last1=Cossart|first1=P.|last2=Boquet|first2=P.|last3=Normark|first3=S.|last4=Rappuoli|first4=R.|title=Cellular Microbiology Emerging|journal=Science|volume=271|issue=5247|year=1996|pages=315–316|doi=10.1126/science.271.5247.315}}</ref> [[reverse vaccinology]] in 2000;<ref name="Rappuoli2001">{{cite journal|last1=Rappuoli|first1=Rino|title=Reverse vaccinology, a genome-based approach to vaccine development|journal=Vaccine|volume=19|issue=17-19|year=2001|pages=2688–2691|doi=10.1016/S0264-410X(00)00554-5}}</ref> [[pan-genome]] in 2005.<ref name="MediniDonati2005">{{cite journal|last1=Medini|first1=Duccio|last2=Donati|first2=Claudio|last3=Tettelin|first3=Hervé|last4=Masignani|first4=Vega|last5=Rappuoli|first5=Rino|title=The microbial pan-genome|journal=Current Opinion in Genetics & Development|volume=15|issue=6|year=2005|pages=589–594|doi=10.1016/j.gde.2005.09.006}}</ref><ref name=formemrs/>
Dr. Rappuoli is a member of numerous international associations, including the [[European Molecular Biology Organization]] and the [[American Society for Microbiology]]. He also serves as a member of the research directors group of the [[European Commission]] and was recently elected to [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]].


==Honors and awards==
==Honors and awards==
Rappuoli is the recipient of several prestigious awards, including the [[Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize]] in 1991. He is a member of numerous international associations, including the [[European Molecular Biology Organization]] and the [[American Society for Microbiology]]. He also serves as a member of the research directors group of the [[European Commission]] and was elected to [[National Academy of Sciences]] of the [[United States]].{{when}} He was also awarded the Italian President Gold Medal in 2005 and the Albert Sabin Gold Medal in 2009.<ref name=formemrs/> In 2013 he was nominated third most influential person worldwide in the field of vaccines by Terrapin. In 2015 he was awarded Fellowship of [[Imperial College London]] Faculty of Medicine and the [[Maurice Hilleman]] Award.<ref name=formemrs/>
He is the recipient of several prestigious awards, including the [[Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize]] in 1991.


In 2016 he was elected a [[Foreign Member of the Royal Society]]. <ref> {{cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/rino-rappuoli-12894/|title= Rino Rappuoli Biography|publisher= Royal Society|accessdate= 1 May 2016}} </ref>
In 2016 he was elected a [[Foreign Member of the Royal Society]].<ref name=formemrs/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|35em}}


{{FRS 2016}}
{{FRS 2016}}

Revision as of 00:14, 29 May 2016

Rino Rappuoli
Born1952 (age 71–72)[1]

Rino Rappuoli is Chief Scientist & Head of External Research and Development (R&D) at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Vaccines. Previously, he has served as visiting scientist at Rockefeller University and Harvard Medical School and held roles at Sclavo, Vaccine Research and CSO, Chiron Corporation, and Novartis Vaccines.[2][3]

Education

Rappuoli earned his doctoral and bachelor's degrees in biological sciences at the University of Siena.[1]

Career and research

He is known globally for his work in vaccines and immunology. He co-founded the field of cellular microbiology, a discipline combining cell biology and microbiology, and pioneered the genomic approach to vaccine development known as reverse vaccinology.[1]

Rappuoli led Chiron Corporation's development of adjuvanted influenza vaccines, MENJUGATE(R) conjugate vaccine against meningococcal-C disease and the first recombinant bacterial vaccine against pertussis. Currently,[when?] Rappuoli is actively involved in the research and development of further vaccines against meningococcal disease and avian and pandemic influenza.

Rappuoli joined Chiron as head of European vaccines research in 1992 with the acquisition of Italian vaccines company Sclavo SpA, where he served as head of research and development. Rappuoli, was previously the Global Head of Vaccines Research for Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics (Siena, Italy)[1]. Since 2015, Dr. Rappuoli serves as the Chief Scientist and Head of External R&D at the vaccines division of GlaxoSmithKline and is based in Siena, Italy[2].

Major achievements include development of CRM197 used in Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis,[4] and pneumococcus vaccines; an acellular pertussis vaccine containing a genetically detoxified pertussis toxin; the first conjugate vaccines against meningococcus; MF59 adjuvant for influenza; the meningococcus B genome-derived vaccine.[2][5]

During his career, he has introduced several novel scientific concepts: genetic detoxification in 1987;[6] cellular microbiology in 1996;[7] reverse vaccinology in 2000;[8] pan-genome in 2005.[9][2]

Honors and awards

Rappuoli is the recipient of several prestigious awards, including the Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize in 1991. He is a member of numerous international associations, including the European Molecular Biology Organization and the American Society for Microbiology. He also serves as a member of the research directors group of the European Commission and was elected to National Academy of Sciences of the United States.[when?] He was also awarded the Italian President Gold Medal in 2005 and the Albert Sabin Gold Medal in 2009.[2] In 2013 he was nominated third most influential person worldwide in the field of vaccines by Terrapin. In 2015 he was awarded Fellowship of Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine and the Maurice Hilleman Award.[2]

In 2016 he was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c Trivedi, B. (2006). "Profile of Rino Rappuoli". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (29): 10831–10833. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604892103. PMC 1544134. PMID 16832044.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Dr Rino Rappuoli ForMemRS". London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on 2016-04-29. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:

    “All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.” --Template:Wayback
  3. ^ Covacci, A. (1999). "Helicobacter pylori Virulence and Genetic Geography". Science. 284 (5418): 1328–1333. doi:10.1126/science.284.5418.1328.
  4. ^ Tettelin, H. (2000). "Complete Genome Sequence of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Strain MC58". Science. 287 (5459): 1809–1815. doi:10.1126/science.287.5459.1809.
  5. ^ Pizza, M. (2000). "Identification of Vaccine Candidates Against Serogroup B Meningococcus by Whole-Genome Sequencing". Science. 287 (5459): 1816–1820. doi:10.1126/science.287.5459.1816.
  6. ^ Pizza, Mariagrazia; Fontana, Maria Rita; Scarlato, Vincenzo; Rappuoli, Rino (1996). "Genetic Detoxification of Bacterial Toxins". 4: 91–110. doi:10.1385/0-89603-334-1:91. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. ^ Cossart, P.; Boquet, P.; Normark, S.; Rappuoli, R. (1996). "Cellular Microbiology Emerging". Science. 271 (5247): 315–316. doi:10.1126/science.271.5247.315.
  8. ^ Rappuoli, Rino (2001). "Reverse vaccinology, a genome-based approach to vaccine development". Vaccine. 19 (17–19): 2688–2691. doi:10.1016/S0264-410X(00)00554-5.
  9. ^ Medini, Duccio; Donati, Claudio; Tettelin, Hervé; Masignani, Vega; Rappuoli, Rino (2005). "The microbial pan-genome". Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. 15 (6): 589–594. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2005.09.006.
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