Brodmann area 38: Difference between revisions
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BA38 is a subdivision of the [[cytoarchitecture|cytoarchitecturally]] defined [[temporal lobe|temporal region]] of [[cerebral cortex]]. It is located primarily in the most rostral portions of the [[superior temporal gyrus]] and the [[middle temporal gyrus]]. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the [[inferior temporal area 20]], the [[middle temporal area 21]], the [[superior temporal area 22]] and the [[ectorhinal area 36]] (Brodmann-1909). |
BA38 is a subdivision of the [[cytoarchitecture|cytoarchitecturally]] defined [[temporal lobe|temporal region]] of [[cerebral cortex]]. It is located primarily in the most rostral portions of the [[superior temporal gyrus]] and the [[middle temporal gyrus]]. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the [[inferior temporal area 20]], the [[middle temporal area 21]], the [[superior temporal area 22]] and the [[ectorhinal area 36]] (Brodmann-1909). |
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Cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic studies find that it contains at least seven subareas, one of which, "TG", is unique to humans.<ref name="Ding">{{Cite journal | last1 = Ding | first1 = S. L. | last2 = Van Hoesen | first2 = G. W. | last3 = Cassell | first3 = M. D. | last4 = Poremba | first4 = A. | title = Parcellation of human temporal polar cortex: A combined analysis of multiple cytoarchitectonic, chemoarchitectonic, and pathological markers | doi = 10.1002/cne.22053 | journal = The Journal of Comparative Neurology | volume = 514 | issue = 6 | pages = 595–623 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19363802 | pmc = 3665344}} </ref> |
Cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic studies find that it contains at least seven subareas, one of which, "TG", is unique to humans.<ref name="Ding">{{Cite journal | last1 = Ding | first1 = S. L. | last2 = Van Hoesen | first2 = G. W. | last3 = Cassell | first3 = M. D. | last4 = Poremba | first4 = A. | title = Parcellation of human temporal polar cortex: A combined analysis of multiple cytoarchitectonic, chemoarchitectonic, and pathological markers | doi = 10.1002/cne.22053 | journal = The Journal of Comparative Neurology | volume = 514 | issue = 6 | pages = 595–623 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19363802 | pmc = 3665344}} </ref> The temporal pole is a paralimbic region involved in high level socio-emotional processing. The [[uncinate fasciculus]] provides a direct bidirectional path to the orbitofrontal cortex, allowing mnemonic representations stored in the temporal pole to bias decision making in the frontal lobe. The temporal pole appears to be a convergence zone where concepts that are stored in the ventral anterior temporal are imbued with emotional significance and personal meaning. <ref name=“Olson”>{{Cite journal | last1 = Olson | first1 = I.R. | last2 = Plotzker | first2 = A. | last3 = Ezzyat | first3 = Y. | title = The enigmatic temporal poles: A review of findings on social and emotional processing. | doi = 10.1093/brain/awm052 | journal = Brain | volume = 130 | pages = 1718-1731 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17392317 }} </ref> In addition, concepts of individual people, abstracted away from the perceptual representations, are stored in a “face patch” in the temporal pole. This face patch is found in both non-human primates and humans. <ref name=“Von der Heide”>{{Cite journal | last1 = Von der Heide | first1 = R.J. | last2 = Skipper | first2 = L.M. | last3 = Olson | first3 = I.R. | title = Anterior temporal face patches: A meta-analysis and empirical study. | doi = 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00017 | journal = Frontiers in Human Neuroscience | volume = 7 | pages = 17 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23378834}} </ref> This relates to early work showing that damage to the temporal pole can cause an amnestic prosopanosia in which knowledge of familiar people is lost. <ref name=“Von der Heide”/> |
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This area is among the earliest affected by [[Alzheimer's disease]] and the earliest involved at the start of [[Temporal lobe epilepsy|temporal lobe seizures]].<ref name="Ding"/> |
This area is among the earliest affected by [[Alzheimer's disease]] and the earliest involved at the start of [[Temporal lobe epilepsy|temporal lobe seizures]].<ref name="Ding"/> |
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Revision as of 02:02, 13 December 2019
| Brodmann area 38 | |
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| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | Area temporopolaris |
| NeuroLex ID | birnlex_1771 |
| FMA | 68635 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |
Brodmann area 38, also BA38 or temporopolar area 38 (H), is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. BA 38 is at the anterior end of the temporal lobe, known as the temporal pole.
BA38 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. It is located primarily in the most rostral portions of the superior temporal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the inferior temporal area 20, the middle temporal area 21, the superior temporal area 22 and the ectorhinal area 36 (Brodmann-1909).
Cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic studies find that it contains at least seven subareas, one of which, "TG", is unique to humans.[1] The temporal pole is a paralimbic region involved in high level socio-emotional processing. The uncinate fasciculus provides a direct bidirectional path to the orbitofrontal cortex, allowing mnemonic representations stored in the temporal pole to bias decision making in the frontal lobe. The temporal pole appears to be a convergence zone where concepts that are stored in the ventral anterior temporal are imbued with emotional significance and personal meaning. [2] In addition, concepts of individual people, abstracted away from the perceptual representations, are stored in a “face patch” in the temporal pole. This face patch is found in both non-human primates and humans. Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). This relates to early work showing that damage to the temporal pole can cause an amnestic prosopanosia in which knowledge of familiar people is lost. Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).
This area is among the earliest affected by Alzheimer's disease and the earliest involved at the start of temporal lobe seizures.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b Ding, S. L.; Van Hoesen, G. W.; Cassell, M. D.; Poremba, A. (2009). "Parcellation of human temporal polar cortex: A combined analysis of multiple cytoarchitectonic, chemoarchitectonic, and pathological markers". The Journal of Comparative Neurology. 514 (6): 595–623. doi:10.1002/cne.22053. PMC 3665344. PMID 19363802.
- ^ Olson, I.R.; Plotzker, A.; Ezzyat, Y. (2007). "The enigmatic temporal poles: A review of findings on social and emotional processing". Brain. 130: 1718–1731. doi:10.1093/brain/awm052. PMID 17392317.
External links
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