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2K resolution

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Common display resolutions

2K resolution is a generic term for display devices or content having horizontal resolution of approximately 2,000 pixels.[1] In the movie projection industry, Digital Cinema Initiatives is the dominant standard for 2K output and defines 2K resolution as 2048 × 1080.[2][3] For television and consumer media, 1920 × 1080 is the most common 2K resolution, but this is normally referred to as 1080p.

Resolutions

Examples of 2K resolutions
Format Resolution Display aspect ratio Pixels
DCI 2K (native resolution) 2048 × 1080 1.90:1 (256:135, ≈17:9) 2,211,840
DCI 2K (flat cropped) 1998 × 1080 1.85:1 2,157,840
DCI 2K (CinemaScope cropped) 2048 × 858 2.39:1 1,755,136
QXGA 2048 × 1536 1.33:1 (4:3) 3,145,728
WUXGA 1920 × 1200 1.60:1 (16:10) 2,304,000
Full HD 1920 × 1080 1.78:1 (16:9) 2,073,600
QWXGA 2048 × 1152 1.78:1 (16:9) 2,359,296

Standards and terminology

In the cinematography industry, 2K resolution traditionally refers to a digital scan of 35 mm film with a resolution around 2000 pixels wide. Typically this is done at 2048 × 1556, but the exact dimensions vary based on the aspect ratio and size of the scan area.[4]: 714 

Another common 2K resolution in cinema is 2048 × 1080. This is the resolution of the 2K container format standardized by DCI in their Digital Cinema System Specification in 2005.[2][3] The resolution of the encapsulated video content follows the SMPTE 428-1 standard,[5]: §3.2.1  which establishes the following resolutions for a 2K distribution:[6]: 6 

  • 2048 × 1080 (full frame, 256∶135 or ≈1.90∶1 aspect ratio)
  • 1998 × 1080 (flat crop, 1.85∶1 aspect ratio)
  • 2048 × 858 (CinemaScope crop, ≈2.39∶1 aspect ratio)

However, the term "2K" itself is generic, was not coined by DCI, and does not refer specifically to the DCI 2K standard. Usage of the term "2K" predates the publication of the DCI standard.[7][8][9]

The resolution 1920 × 1080 has also been referred to as a 2K resolution by other standards organizations like NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories and ITU Radiocommunication Sector (which were involved in the standardization of 1080p HDTV and 4K UHDTV).[10][11]

Another resolution that is often referred to as 2K is 2560 × 1440 (1440p) however that is a common mistake in marketing[12] and is called QHD by the DCI.

See also

References

  1. ^ James, Jack (2006). Digital Intermediates for Film and Video. Focal Press. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-240-80702-7. Retrieved April 19, 2014.
  2. ^ a b "Digital Cinema System Specification" (PDF). Digital Cinema Initiatives. 10 October 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  3. ^ a b Swinson, Peter R (November 2005). "DCI and OTHER Film Formats" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-04-02.
  4. ^ Ascher, Steven (2007). The Filmmaker's Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide for the Digital Age. Penguin. pp. 189, 714. ISBN 978-045-2-286-788. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
  5. ^ "Digital Cinema System Specification Version 1.2 with Errata as of 30 August 2012 Incorporated" (PDF). Digital Cinema Initiatives, LLC. October 10, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-05-27. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
  6. ^ SMPTE 428-1-2006: D-Cinema Distribution Master - Image Characteristics, Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE), September 29, 2006
  7. ^ "Defining_2K_and_4K". www.cinematography.net. 2004-03-25. Archived from the original on 2018-12-22. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  8. ^ "CGTalk | 2K Film Resolution". forums.cgsociety.org. 2003-06-24. Archived from the original on 2018-12-22. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  9. ^ "what resolution/ratio/frame rate? : Cinema 4D". forums.creativecow.net. 2002-09-26. Archived from the original on 2018-04-30. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  10. ^ "JOURNALS | Broadcast Technology | NHK STRL". www.nhk.or.jp. 2021-08-17. Archived from the original on 2021-08-17. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  11. ^ "ITU-R BT.2245-6" (PDF). www.itu.int. 2021-08-17. p. 18. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 Aug 2021. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
  12. ^ "What is Resolution of Monitor? Full HD vs 2K vs 4K". BenQ. Retrieved 2022-09-17.
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