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Bayraktar Kızılelma

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Bayraktar Kızılelma
Kızılelma conducting ground running tests
Kızılelma conducting ground running tests[1][2]
Role Unmanned combat aerial vehicle
National origin Turkey
Manufacturer Baykar
First flight End of 2022 (expected)
Introduction 2023 (expected)
Status Ground tests in progress
Primary user Turkish Armed Forces

The Baykar Bayraktar Kızılelma (English: Red Apple) is a jet-powered, single-engine, low-observable,[3] supersonic,[4] carrier-capable[5] unmanned fighter aircraft, currently in development by Turkish defence company Baykar.[6][5] The aircraft is being developed as part of Project MIUS (Turkish: Muharip İnsansız Uçak Sistemi - English: Combatant Unmanned Aircraft System).

Baykar CTO Selçuk Bayraktar, said that the Kızılelma is expected to fly in 2023,[3] adding that a jet-powered UAV was a ''12-year-long dream.''[7]

Development

The first conceptual studies for Bayraktar MIUS started in 2013. The most important development regarding the project took place on 20 July 2021. On this date, the first design images and information about the characteristics of the aircraft were shared with the public.

Engine selection

File:Baykar ve Ivchenko-Progress.jpg
Baykar CEO Haluk Bayraktar and Ukrainian Ivchenko-Progress officials posing in front of the engine selected for Kızılelma.[8]

AI-322F Turbofan Engine Supply Agreement and AI-25TLT Turbofan Engine Integration Agreement were signed between Baykar and Ukrainian Ivchenko-Progress at the SahaExpo event on November 11, 2021. While the first prototypes will go at subsonic speeds using AI-25TLT engines, the next prototypes are expected to be supersonic with AI-322F engines.

Disclosure of the project name

The code name of the project was initially MIUS (Turkish: Muharip İnsansız Uçak Sistemi - English: Combatant Unmanned Aircraft System). Its official name, Kızılelma; which means Red Apple in Turkish, was shared with the public on March 12, 2022.

Prototypes

File:Kizilelma-twitter-1799332.jpg
Kızılelma's first mockup-prototype, inside Baykar's facility

On the same day of the name disclosure, Selçuk Bayraktar revealed that the first Kızılelma prototype has entered the assembly line.[9][10] The first ready-to-fly prototype was displayed to the public in Teknofest 2022.[11]

Beginning of the testing process

The first engine integration test was successfully conducted on 19 September 2022.[12] On 20 November 2022, automatic taxiing and ground running tests were carried out.[13] The aircraft is planned to make its maiden flight before the end of 2022.[14]

Design

File:Fbp449gWAAESlWO.jpg
Second prototype of Bayraktar Kızılelma, showcased in Teknofest 2022

Body

The Kızılelma is an unmanned aircraft featuring a low-RCS supersonic airframe equipped with an AESA radar.[15] The aircraft is powered by a turbofan engine fed by two air inlets; yaw control is achieved with two vertical stabilizers. The aircraft has coupled-canard controls for increased maneuverability or better controlling the main wing airflow. Internal compartments will allow the aircraft to operate in contested environments while sustaining low observability.[16][3]

The aerodynamic controls feature canards-delta configuration, previously only seen on certain stealth aircraft such as Chengdu J-20 and AVIC Dark Sword. The canards offer a trade-off between relatively less stealth but great maneuverability. Some control measures could be implemented to reduce its impact on radar signature.[17]

The Kızılelma has a maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) of 6,000 kilograms (13,200 lb), with 1,500 kg of said weight available for the payload. According to data shared by the company, the Kızılelma will have an operational altitude of 35,000 feet (10,670 m).

Carrier capability

The aircraft is designed in a way that makes it capable to takeoff and land on an amphibious assault ship, such as TCG Anadolu, without any need for a catapult system.[18]

Variants

File:Bayraktar Kızılelma Mockup.jpg
Baykar MIUS Kızılelma is a jet-engined, low-observable, supersonic, carrier-capable UCAV designed to operate on TCG Anadolu

During Teknofest 2022, Baykar announced that there will be at least 3 variants of Kızılelma with different engine configurations. The engines are produced by the Turkish-Ukrainian joint venture Black Sea Shield.[19][20][21] Kızılelma-A will be capable of near-supersonic speeds, being powered by the AI-25TLT engine. Kızılelma-B will fly at supersonic speeds, powered by a single Ukrainian AI-322F engine.[22][23][24] And lastly Kızılelma-C will incorporate 2 AI-322F engines.

While there are expectations to make use of Turkish-made TEI TF6000 turbofan engines in the future, nothing has been confirmed so far.

Features

  • Fully-autonomous takeoff and landing
  • Low radar cross-section
  • High maneuverability
  • Line Of Sight (LOS) and Beyond LOS (BLOS) controlled
  • Takeoff and landing capability from short-runway aircraft carriers
  • High situational awareness with AESA radar
  • Internal bays

Operators

Future operators of Bayraktar Kızılelma

 Turkey [Unknown][25]

Specifications (Kızılelma-A)

Data from Baykar Technology

General characteristics

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 1,100 km/h (680 mph, 590 kn) 0.9 Mach
  • Cruise speed: 735 km/h (457 mph, 400 kn) 0.6 Mach
  • Combat range: 930 km (580 mi, 500 nmi) on internal fuel
  • Endurance: 5-6 hours
  • Service ceiling: 14,000 m (45,000 ft)
  • Operational altitude: 11,000 m (35,000 ft)

Armament

Avionics

  • National AESA Radar
  • Aselsan Common Aperture Targeting System
  • Electronic Warfare Pod
  • National SIGINT module

See also

References

  1. ^ "Bayraktar Kızılelma İlk Kez Pistte Görüntülendi". Son Gelişme. 20 November 2022.
  2. ^ "Bayraktar Kızılelma'nın ilk otomatik taksi ve koşu testi başarıyla tamamlandı". Defense Here. 20 November 2022.
  3. ^ a b c Azman, Kaan (4 August 2021). "Selçuk Bayraktar'dan Muharip İnsansız Uçak Sistemi üzerine açıklamalar". DefenceTurk (in Turkish). Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  4. ^ "Ascendant and assertive Turkey creates tough choices for US". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  5. ^ a b Ozberk, Tayfun (22 July 2021). "Turkey to deploy MIUS unmanned combat aircraft from LHD Anadolu". Naval News. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  6. ^ "Baykar eyes first flight for MIUS in 2023 - Shephard Media". www.shephardmedia.com. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  7. ^ "Dünya Türkiye'nin MİUS ve GÖKSUNGUR'unu konuşacak! Selçuk Bayraktar: Konsept değişiyor". Sabah (in Turkish). Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  8. ^ "Baykar ile Ivchenko-Progress arasında motor anlaşması" (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 13 November 2021.
  9. ^ @Selcuk (12 March 2022). "Üretim hattına 3 buçuk yıl sonra daha büyük ve daha çevik bir balık girdi" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  10. ^ "Unmanned Fighter Jet Hits Production Line: Turkey's Baykar". defenseworld.net. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  11. ^ Yıldırım, Göksel (30 August 2022). "İlk uçuşuna hazırlanan Bayraktar Kızılelma, TEKNOFEST KARADENİZ'de vitrine çıktı" [Bayraktar Kızılelma, preparing for its first flight, was showcased at Teknofest 2022]. Anadolu Agency (in Turkish). Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  12. ^ Işık, Yusuf Emir (17 September 2022). "Bayraktar Kızılelma ilk motor entegrasyon testini başarıyla tamamladı" [Bayraktar Kızılelma successfully completed its first engine integration test]. DefenceTurk (in Turkish). Retrieved 15 November 2022.
  13. ^ Garip, Ergin (20 November 2022). "Bayraktar Kızılelma'nın ilk Otomatik Taksi ve Koşu Testi başarıyla tamamlandı" [Bayraktar Kızılelma's first Automatic Taxiing and Ground Running Tests has been successfully completed]. Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
  14. ^ "Piste Çıktı! KIZILELMA'nın İlk Uçuş Tarihi Hedefine Revize" [Out on the runway! KIZILELMA's Maiden Flight Date Revised]. Savunma Sanayi ST (in Turkish). 20 November 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
  15. ^ Staff. (12 March 2022). "Baykar's unmanned combat aerial vehicle enters the production line." TRT World website Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  16. ^ "Fighter UAV specifications". baykartech.com. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
  17. ^ Newdick, Thomas (21 November 2022). "Turkey's Fighter-Like Drone Emerges For Taxi Tests". The Drive.
  18. ^ "TCG ANADOLU'ya MİUS ve Bayraktar TB3 Entegrasyonu" (in Turkish). 21 July 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  19. ^ "MİUS'un Motorları İçin Ukrayna İle Yeni Anlaşma" (in Turkish). 11 November 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  20. ^ "MİUS'a Ukrayna motoru". SavunmaSanayiST (in Turkish). 23 December 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  21. ^ "Aerospace: Turkey and Ukraine team up for groundbreaking new defense sector drone joint venture". bunews. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  22. ^ "Baykar MİUS | Muharip İnsansız Uçak Sistemi". sanalsavunma.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 18 August 2021.
  23. ^ "MİUS (Muharip İnsansız Uçak Sistemi) Tasarımı Paylaşıldı" (in Turkish). 20 July 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  24. ^ "In a presentation made by @Baykar_Savunma in Ukraine, it has been revealed that there will be 2 different turbofan engines which will power the MIUS UCAV". Twitter. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
  25. ^ Oryx. "An International Export Success: Global Demand For Bayraktar Drones Reaches All Time High". Oryx. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
  26. ^ Bekdil, Burak Ege (8 August 2017). "Turkey To Outfit Drones with Local Mini Rocket". Defense News.
  27. ^ "IDEF 2021: 'Turkish DARPA' targets live tests for Kuzgun".
  28. ^ "IDEF 2021: 'Turkish DARPA' targets live tests for Kuzgun".
  29. ^ "TÜBİTAK-SAGE'den Milli Penguin: KUZGUN-ER" (in Turkish).
  30. ^ "KUZGUN'un Elektronik Harp Konfigürasyonu: KUZGUN-EW" (in Turkish).
  31. ^ "Turkish Company Roketsan Develops Akbaba High-speed Anti-Radiation Missile". 11 July 2021.
  32. ^ "Turkish Roketsan Introduces New Antiship Missile Family "ÇAKIR"". 31 March 2022.
  33. ^ "TURKISH DEFENCE INDUSTRY PRODUCT CATALOGUE". www.ssb.gov.tr. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  34. ^ Mehmet, Fatih (23 January 2020). "Asisguard ve Tübitak Sage TOGAN'ı SONGAR'a entegre etti". DefenceTurk (in Turkish). Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  35. ^ miguyan2000🚀 [@miguyan2000] (28 February 2019). "TÜBİTAK SAGE Togan https://t.co/8rynjPtONO" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021 – via Twitter.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  36. ^ "IDEF 2021: Tübitak Sage displays Togan air launched mortar munition | IDEF 2021 News Official Online Show Daily Media Partner | Defence security exhibitions 2021 show daily news category | Defense & Security Exhibitions Archives". www.armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  37. ^ "IDEF 2021: 'Turkish DARPA' targets live tests for Kuzgun".
  38. ^ "Turkey to Integrate F-16 Mini-Bombs on UAVs".
  39. ^ "Bayraktar AKINCI TİHA flew 1.360 hours and 13 minutes with a useful load of 24 kg". 11 July 2021.
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