Canard (aeronautics)
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In aeronautics, canard (French for duck) is an airframe configuration of fixed-wing aircraft in which the tailplane is ahead of the main wing, rather than behind them as in conventional aircraft.[1][2][3]
The earliest models, such as the Wright Flyer, the world's first airplane, and the Santos-Dumont 14-bis, were seen by observers to resemble a flying duck — hence the name.[citation needed]
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[edit] Examples of canard aircraft
Aircraft that have employed this configuration include:
- AEA Silver Dart
- Atlas Cheetah
- B-1 Lancer (small canards help negotiate low-level flying)
- Beech Starship
- Berkut 360
- Chengdu J-9
- Chengdu J-10
- Cozy MK IV
- Curtiss-Wright CW-24B
- Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender
- Dassault Rafale
- Eurofighter Typhoon
- Freedom Aviation Phoenix
- Grumman X-29A
- IAI Kfir
- IAI Lavi
- Kyūshū J7W1 Shinden
- McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) F-15 S/MTD
- MiG-8 Utka
- Miles Libellula
- North American SM-64 Navaho
- North American X-10
- Peterson 260SE (a Cessna 182 with an added canard for STOL operations)
- Piaggio P180 Avanti (3 surfaces aircraft with flapped canard for pitch trim)
- Pterodactyl Ascender
- Rockwell-MBB X-31
- Rutan Defiant
- Rutan Long-EZ
- Rutan Quickie (more a tandem than a canard)
- Rutan VariEze
- Rutan VariViggen
- Rutan Voyager
- Santos-Dumont 14-bis
- Saab Viggen
- Saab Gripen
- Steve Wright Stagger-Ez
- Sukhoi Su-30 MKI
- Sukhoi Su-33
- Sukhoi Su-34
- Sukhoi Su-35
- Sukhoi Su-37
- Sukhoi Su-47
- Sukhoi T-4
- Tupolev Tu-144
- Velocity SE
- Velocity XL
- Wright Flyer
- XB-70 Valkyrie
[edit] Gallery
 The first powered airplane, the Wright Flyer, used dual, vertically stacked canards |
 Eurofighter Typhoon of the Royal Air Force displaying at the Farnborough Airshow, 2006 |
 Dassault Rafale, in service with the French Navy (Marine Nationale) and the French Air Force (Armée de l'Air) |
 Canards visible on a JAS 39 Gripen at the Farnborough Airshow |
 Grumman X-29, an experimental aircraft for forward swept wing research |
 The Rockwell-MBB X-31 Enhanced Fighter Maneuverability Demonstrator Aircraft |
 Canards (just behind the flight deck) on the XB-70 Valkyrie experimental bomber aircraft |
 Closeup of a Piaggio P180 Avanti's canards |
 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-8, 1945 |
 The Beechcraft Starship Executive Transport |
 A Pterodactyl Ascender II+2 showing its canard control surface |
 Saab 37 Viggen of the Swedish Air Force |
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Crane, Dale: Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, third edition, page 86. Aviation Supplies & Academics, 1997. ISBN 1-56027-287-2
- ^ Aviation Publishers Co. Limited, From the Ground Up, page 10 (27th revised edition) ISBN 09690054-9-0
- ^ Federal Aviation Administration (August 2008). "Title 14: Aeronautics and Space - PART 1—DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS". Retrieved on 2008-08-05.
- Aircraft Structures and Systems (Second Edition): R Wilkinson: MechAero Publishing(2001)
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