Bernard 190
| Bernard 190 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Bernard 191GR Oiseau Canari preserved at the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace | |
| Role | Airliner |
| Manufacturer | Bernard |
| Designer | Jean Hubert |
| First flight | 1928 |
| Primary user | CIDNA |
| Number built | ca. 15 |
The Bernard 190 or Bernard-Hubert 190 was a French airliner of 1928. It was a high-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional configuration, based on the Bernard 18. Compared with its predecessor, it kept the same basic design but featured redesigned tail surfaces, an enlarged cabin, and offered its flight crew a completely enclosed cockpit. Also like its predecessor, the basic airliner model provided the basis for a long-range aircraft to be used in record attempts, the 191GR (for Grand Raid).
Operational history
The eight 190Ts served CIDNA on various European routes, but the 190 is best remembered for the exploits of the three 191GRs. The first built was used by Louis Coudouret in an attempt to cross the North Atlantic in August 1928. This was unsuccessful when the aircraft first refused to leave the ground in Paris, and was later turned back by Spanish authorities unwilling to permit the flight. On July 7 the following year, Coudouret crashed the aircraft near Angoulême and died with it. It had 20 seats. They stopped making these in 1948.
The second example was used in the first successful French aerial crossing of the North Atlantic. Painted bright yellow and dubbed Oiseau Canari ("Canary Bird") it departed Old Orchard Beach, Maine on June 13, 1929 and piloted by Jean Assolant, René Lefèvre and Armand Lotti, it completed the crossing to Oyambre, near Comillas, Cantabria, Spain, in 29 hours 52 minutes, even with a stowaway (Arthur Schreiber) aboard. This aircraft is now preserved in the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace.
The third 191GR was used by Antoine Paillard to set two world airspeed records, for 100 km with a 2,000 kg payload, and for 1,000 km with a 1,000 kg payload.
Variants
- 190T
- Single-engined airliner, powered by a 358 kW (480 hp) Gnome et Rhône 9A (licence-built Bristol Jupiter) radial piston engine.
- 191GR
- Record-breaking plane, powered by 447 kW (599 hp) Hispano-Suiza 12Lb piston engine. Three built as 191G.R. No.1, 191G.R. No.2 and 191G.R. No.3.
- 192T
- Single mailplane example for Aéropostale.
- 193T
- Single-engined transport aircraft, powered by a 336 kW (451 hp) Lorraine 12Eb piston engine. Only one built.
- 197GR
- Engine demonstrator commissioned by Lorraine-Dietrich. Lost off Rangoon 26 February 1929.
Operators
Specifications (190T)
General characteristics
- Crew: two
- Capacity: 8 passengers
Performance
References
- Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. p. 154.
- World Aircraft Information Files. London: Bright Star Publishing. pp. File 890 Sheet 30.
- Aviafrance.com
- Lefranc, Jean-Abel (March 1, 1928), "Avion Bernard-Hubert", La Nature (2780), Paris: Masson et Cie: 202–205