Finno-Permic languages
| Finno-Permic | |
|---|---|
| Finnic | |
| Geographic distribution: |
Northern Fennoscandia, Baltic states, Southwestern, Southeastern, and Ural region of Russia |
| Linguistic classification: | Uralic
|
| Subdivisions: | |
| ISO 639-2 / 5: | fiu |
The Finno-Permic languages (also Finno-Permian and Fenno-Permic/Permian) are a traditional but disputed group of the Uralic languages that comprises the Baltic-Finnic languages, Sami languages, Mordvinic languages, Mari language, Permic languages, and likely a number of extinct languages. In the traditional taxonomy of the Uralic languages, Finno-Permic is estimated to have split from Finno-Ugric around 3000–2500 BC, and branched into Permic languages and Finno-Volgaic languages around 2000 BC.[1] Nowadays the validity of the group as a taxonomical entity is questioned.[2]
The term Finnic languages has often been used to designate all the Finno-Permic languages,[3][4] based on an earlier belief that Permic languages would be much more closely related to the Baltic Finnic languages than to the Ugric languages.[1] (In Finnish scholarly usage Finnic most often refers to the Baltic-Finnic languages alone.[5])
Interpretation of grouping the Finnic/Finno-Permic languages can vary among different scholars, though all variations treat Permic as a primary division. The following proposals for classification are listed by Ruhlen (1987) [6] and by Angela Marcantonio in 2002:[7]
| Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Collinder, 1965 |
Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Austerlitz 1968 |
Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Sauvageot & Menges 1973 |
Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Harms 1974 |
Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Vogelin & Vogelin 1977 |
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Notes [edit]
- ^ a b The Finno-Ugric republics and the Russian state By Rein Taagepera; ISBN 0-415-91977-0 p.32-33
- ^ Salminen, Tapani (2002): Problems in the taxonomy of the Uralic languages in the light of modern comparative studies
- ^ A Guide to the World's Languages: Classification By Merritt Ruhlen, p 69
- ^ Finno-Ugric languages at concise.britannica
- ^ See The Finnic languages by Johanna Laakso in The Circum-Baltic languages: typology and contact, p. 180.
- ^ Merritt Ruhlen (1987) "A Guide to the World's Languages: Volume I, Classification", Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-1250-6, p. 69
- ^ The Uralic Language Family: Facts, Myths and Statistics; By Angela Marcantonio; p57; ISBN 0-631-23170-6
References [edit]
- Abondolo, Daniel (ed., 1998), The Uralic Languages, London and New York, ISBN 0-415-08198-X.
