Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt

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Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Queen consort of Prussia
Tenure17 August 1786 – 16 November 1797
Born16 October 1751
Prenzlau
Died25 February 1805(1805-02-25) (aged 53)
Schloss Montbijou, Berlin, Prussia
SpouseFrederick William II of Prussia
IssueFrederick William III
Prince Louis
Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands
Augusta, Electress of Hesse
Prince Henry
Prince Wilhelm
HouseHesse-Darmstadt
FatherLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
MotherCaroline of Zweibrücken

Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt (Friederike Luise; 16 October 1751 – 25 February 1805) was Queen consort of Prussia as the second wife of King Frederick William II.

Background

Frederika Louisa was the daughter of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, and Caroline of Zweibrücken. She was born in Prenzlau. She was the sister of Grand Duchess Louise of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, as well as Grand Duke Louis I of Hesse.

Marriage

She and Frederick William were married on 14 July 1769 at the Charlottenburg Palace, immediately after his divorce from Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Frederick William called her his "Hessische Lieschen", or "Hessian Lizzie".

She became queen of Prussia upon her husband's accession to the throne in 1786, and kept her position for eleven years. The marriage was not happy, and Fredrick had numerous lovers, most notably Wilhelmine von Lichtenau, with whom he had a relationship from the same year he married Frederika Louise until his death. In 1787, her spouse committed bigamy by marrying her lady-in-waiting Julie von Voß, and in 1790, he committed bigamy again by marrying her lady-in-waiting Sophie von Dönhoff. Frederika Louisa was noted for her great generosity, especially to those in need.

From 1788, she spent her summers in Bad Freienwalde, where she was often visited by her children and grandchildren. This greatly contributed to the economic and cultural development of the city. Especially as a Queen Dowager, several buildings were constructed in the city to house her and her court during their stays. In 1799, a summer palace was built for her there by David Gilly.

She became a widow in 1797. Frederika Louisa has been described as eccentric, especially during her widowhood. It was claimed that she saw ghosts and apparitions, and for this reason she kept reversed hours, sleeping by day and waking by night.

The Swedish Princess Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte described her at the time of her visit in 1798:

The Queen Dowager had invited us at déjeuner, and we left for Montbijou, a very simple manor slightly outside of Berlin, where she resides all year. It is sweet and well tendered but terribly small. She had it built herself, as well as the park and the garden. She is a small, very fat, middle aged lady, who walks so crocked that she looks like and old woman. You could mistake her for one of these fairies from an ancient tale. She is very polite and talkative and shines of a goodness which gives the witness of a kind heart and a noble character.[1]

She died in Berlin in 1805 having suffered a stroke.

Issue

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

  • 16 October 1751 - 14 July 1769: Her Serene HighnessLandgravine Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
  • 14 July 1769 - 17 August 1786: Her Royal Highness The Crown Princess of Prussia
  • 17 August 1786 - 16 November 1797: Her Majesty The Queen of Prussia
  • 16 November 1797 - 25 February 1805: Her Majesty The Queen Dowager of Prussia

Ancestry

Family of Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
16. Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
8. Ernest Louis, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
17. Elisabeth Dorothea of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
4. Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
18. Albrecht II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
9. Dorothea Charlotte of Brandenburg-Ansbach
19. Sophie Margaret of Oettingen-Oettingen
2. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
20. Johann Reinhard II of Hanau-Lichtenberg
10. Johann Reinhard III of Hanau-Lichtenberg
21. Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler
5. Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
22. Johann Friedrich, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
11. Dorothea Friederike of Brandenburg-Ansbach
23. Johanne Elisabeth of Baden-Durlach
1. Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
24. Christian I, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld
12. Christian II of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
25. Countess Palatine Magdalene Catherine of Zweibrücken
6. Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
26. Johann Jakob, Count of Rappoltstein
13. Katharina Agathe of Rappoltstein
27. Anna Klaudie of Salm
3. Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
28. Gustav Adolph, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken
14. Louis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken
29. Eleonore Klare of Hohenlohe
7. Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken
30. Henry Frederick, Count of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
15. Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
31. Juliana Dorothea of Castell-Remlingen

References

  1. ^ Charlottas, Hedvig Elisabeth (1927) [1797–99]. af Klercker, Cecilia (ed.). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok (in Swedish). Vol. VI 1797–1799. Translated by Cecilia af Klercker. Stockholm: P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag. p. 122. OCLC 14111333. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help) (search for all versions on WorldCat)

External links

Media related to Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt at Wikimedia Commons

Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Born: 16 October 1751 Died: 25 February 1805
German royalty
Preceded by Queen consort of Prussia
17 August 1786 – 16 November 1797 		Succeeded by

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