Gurdaspur
 | This article possibly contains original research. (May 2021) |
Gurdaspur | |
|---|---|
City | |
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  Gurdaspur  Gurdaspur | |
| Coordinates: 32°02′00″N 75°24′00″E / 32.0333°N 75.40°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Punjab |
| District | Gurdaspur |
| Region | Majha |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Body | Municipal Council Gurdaspur |
| • Member of the Legislative Assembly | Barindermeet Singh Pahra |
| • Member of Parliament | Sunny Deol |
| • Deputy Commissioner | Mohammad Ishfaq, IAS[1] |
| Area | |
| • City | 45 km2 (17 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 5th |
| Elevation | 241 m (791 ft) |
| Population (2015) | |
| • City | 120,564 |
| • Density | 649/km2 (1,680/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 744,092 |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 143521 |
| Area code | +91-1874-XXX XXXX |
| Vehicle registration | PB-06, PB-18, PB-58, PB-99, PB-85 |
| Website | gurdaspur |
Gurdaspur was founded by Guriya Ji in the beginning of 17th century. On his name, this city was named as Gurdaspur. He bought land for Gurdaspur from Jats of Sangi Gotra. It is also established that some people used to live in huts in the old city. Guriya Ji a Sanwal Brahmin of Kaushal Gotra belonged to a village Paniar situated 5 miles north of Gurdaspur. The ancestors of Guriya Ji came from Ayodhaya long time ago and settled in Paniar. Guriya Ji had two sons Sh.Nawal Rai and Sh.Pala Ji. The descendants of Nawal Rai settled in Gurdaspur Nawal Rai’s son Baba Deep Chand was a contemporary of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. It is believed that Guru Gobind Singh Ji gave the title of Ganj Bakhsh (Owner Of Treasure) to Baba Deep Chand. The descendants of Baba Deep Chand are known as Mahants. Little is known about the ancient history of the district except a few antiquities like the rock temples at Mukheshwar Gurdaspur along with its neighbouring districts was the same of the explicits of Alexander, who came up to River Beas in his grand design of world conquest. He faught a grim battle with the Kathaians at Sangala which is located near Fatehgarh in Gurdaspur. From the latter half of the 10th century up to 1919 A.D this district was ruled by the Shahi dynasty under Jayapal and Anandpal. Kalanaur in this district was the most important town during the period of Delhi Emperor from 14th to 16 th century it wastwice attacked by Jasrath Khokhar, once after his un successful assault on Lahore in 1422 and again in 1428 when Malik Sikander marched to relieve the place and defeated Jasrath It was have that Akbar was installed by Bairam Khan on a throne on Feb 1556. The messonary, plat form which still exists about a kilometre and a half to the east of the town is the actual spot upon which his installation took place. In the decline and fall of the Mughal supremacy and the rise of the Sikh power this district saw, its most stiring scenes. Some of the sikh Gurus have been closely associated with the district. Guru Nanak, born in 1469 in the Lahore district, married in 1485 with Sulkhani, daughter of Mool Chand, a Khatri of Pakhoke (Dera Baba Nanak) in the Batala Tehsil. There is still a wall known as Jhoolana Mahal which swings in Gurdaspur. The Sikh Guru Hargobind refounded Shri Hargobindpur which had been formerly known by the name of Rahila. Banda Bahadur, the disciple of Guru Gobind Singh used this district as a base to raid the country upto Lahore, the emperor Bahadur Shah conducted an expedition against him in 1711 but with only temporary effect. Banda Bahadar fought his last battle with the Mughal at Gurdas Nangal in the district and was captured. The history of the district then degenerates into an account of their restruggles of the rival Ramgarhia and Kanhaya Misals for supermacy in this part of the Doab, the power of the former was broken in 1808 and of the latter in 1811 by Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who thus assumed way over the whole district. Dinanagar, with its pleasant mango gardens and running canal was a favourite summer residence of the lion of the Punjab, who when not elsewhere engaged used spent here the two hot weather months of May and June. During partition of India in 1947 the future of Gurdaspur could not be decided for many days. As majority of population of this district was Muslim. REDCLIFF Awards of Boundary transferred only Shakargarh Tehsil Of Gurdaspur district to Pakistan, and the rest of the district was transferred to India. Muslim population of the district migrated to Pakistan and refugees, the Hindus and the Sikhs of Sialkot and Tehsil Shakargarh migrated to Gurdaspur after crossing the Ravi bridge. They settled and spread in Gurdaspur district. Click Here for more information about History of Gurdaspur. .[2]
History
Mughal period
Gurdaspur was founded by a dervish ('Muslim ascetic') named Bhai Chand.[3] In April 1715, the Sikh revolutionary leader Banda Bahadur seized Gurdaspur from the Mughal forces of Farrukhsiyar (r. 1713–1719).[3] Banda strengthened his defences, increased storage of supplies, and slashed the shahnahr canal.[3] After an eight-month siege, the Mughal army of Abd al-Samad Khan broke into the Sikh garrison, arrested Banda and conquered Gurdaspur in December 1715.[4]
Demographics
According to the 2011 India census,[6] Gurdaspur had a population of 2,299,026 (1,212,995 males and 1,086,031 females). There was a 9.30% increase in population compared to that of 2001. In the previous 2001 census of India, Gurdaspur District had recorded a 19.74% increase to its population compared to 1991. According to religion, Sikhs made up 68.9% of the city's population, with Hindus making up 24.8%.[7]
The average literacy rate of Gurdaspur in 2011 was 81.10%, compared to 73.80% in 2001. The male and female literacy rates were 85.90% and 75.70%, respectively. For the 2001 census, the rates were 79.80% and 67.10% respectively. The total literate population was 1,668,339, consisting of 928,264 males and 740,075 females. Sex ratio is about 895 females per 1000 males. Population Density was 649 per square km. [6]
Politics
The city is part of the Gurudaspur Assembly Constituency and Gurdaspur (Lok Sabha constituency).
Education
Gurdaspur has many elementary and secondary level schools and has 13 degree level and engineering colleges.[8] Beant College of Engineering and Technology, is among them, founded by then Chief Minister Beant Singh in 1995. A nationally accredited body by the Ministry of Tourism Institute of Hotel Management, Catering & Nutrition is also located in Gurdaspur.
Colleges
Administrative towns
See also
References
- ^ "Punjab Police Amritsar". gurdaspur.nic.in. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
- ^ "About District". Gurdaspur.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2 August 2005. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
- ^ a b c Irvine 1904, p. 312.
- ^ Irvine 1904, p. 315.
- ^ "Gurdaspur City Population - Gurdaspur, Punjab". Retrieved 2 December 2021.
- ^ a b "Gurdaspur District Population Census 2011, Punjab literacy sex ratio and density". Census2011.co.in.
- ^ "Gurdaspur City Population - Gurdaspur, Punjab". Censusindia2011.com. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
- ^ "Education Facilities in District Gurdaspur". Gurdaspur.nic.in. Archived from the original on 18 May 2005. Retrieved 31 March 2013.
Further reading
- Chester, Lucy P. Borders and Conflict in South Asia: The Radcliffe Boundary Commission and the Partition of Punjab. Manchester UP, 2009.
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- Official website
- Irvine, William (1904), The Later Mughals, Low Price Publications, ISBN 81-7536-406-8