List of battles involving the Ghaznavid Empire

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This is an incomplete list of battles fought by the Ghaznavids.

India/Pakistan Turkmenistan Afghanistan Iran Uzbekistan

( Color legend for the location of the battle )

Year Name Location Ghaznavid commander Opponent Victor
988 1st Battle of Laghman near Laghman Sabuktigin Jayapala(Kabul Shahi) Ghaznavids[1]
991 2nd Battle of Laghman near Laghman Sabuktigin Jayapala(Kabul Shahi) Ghaznavids[2]
994 Battle of Herat near Herat Sabuktigin Abu Ali Simjuri(Simjurids) Ghaznavids(Sabuktigin is appointed Amir of Khurasan, Balkh and Herat)[3]
998 1st Battle of Ghazni Ghazni Ismail of Ghazni (Amir of Ghazna) Mahmud Mahmud of Ghazna is made Amir of Ghazna.[4]
May 999 Battle of Merv Merv Mahmud of Ghazni(Samanid forces for Mansur II) Samanid forces of Abd al-Malik II Mahmud of Ghazni[5]
1001 Battle of Peshawar Peshawar Mahmud of Ghazni Jayapala(Kabul Shahi) Ghaznavids[6]
1005-6 Siege of Multan Multan Mahmud of Ghazni Fateh Daud Ghaznavids[7]
1008 Battle of Balkh Balkh Mahmud of Ghazni Ahmad Arslan Qara Khan(Kara-Khanids) Ghaznavids[8][9]
1009 Battle of Ohind Ohind Mahmud of Ghazni Anandapala(Kabul Shahi) Ghaznavids[10]
1027 Battle of the Indus River Mahmud of Ghazni Jats Ghaznavids[11]
1032 Battle of Dabusiyya Altun Tash(Ghaznavid general) Kara-Khanids & Seljuq allies Indecisive[12]
1033 Siege of Sarsawa near Saharanpur Mas'ud I of Ghazni Mas'ud I[13]
1035 Battle of Nasa Plains Tabaristan Begtoghdi(Ghaznavid chamberlain) Chaghri Beg(Seljuq Turks) Seljuq Turks[14]
1037 Siege of Hansi near Delhi[15] Mas'ud I of Ghazni Mas'ud I[16]
1038 Battle of Sarakhs Sarakhs Abu'l-Fadl Suri(Ghaznavid governor of Khurasan) Tughril(Seljuq Turks) Seljuq Turks[17]
1038 Battle of Rey Rey Muhammad ibn Rustam Dushmanziyar(Kakuyids) Kakuyid dynasty[18]
1040 Battle of Dandanaqan near Merv Mas'ud I of Ghazni Chaghri Beg, Tughril(Seljuq Turks) Seljuq Turks[19]
November 1040 Siege of Zaranj Zaranj Abu l-Fadl(Ghaznavid commander) Ertash(Seljuq Turks) Abu l-Fadl joined Seljuq Turks and Zaranj was occupied.[20]
19 March 1041 Battle of Nangrahar near Jalalabad Muhammad(second son of Mahmud) Maw'dud(eldest son of Masud) Maw'dud defeats Muhammad and gains Ghaznavid throne.[21]
1043-44 Tokharistan Maw'dud Alp Arslan(Seljuq Turks) Seljuq Turks[22]
1045-6 near Zaranj Ertash(Seljuq Turks) Ghaznavids[23]
1051 Battle of Hupyan Hupyan Toghrul of Ghazna Alp Arslan Ghaznavids[24]
1051 Siege of Taq Sistan Toghrul of Ghazna(slave general) Kotwal Hilal Daraqi(Saffarids) Saffarids retain Taq[25]
1116 Battle of Tiginabad Tiginabad(near Kandahar)[26] Arslan Shah (Sultan of Ghaznavid Empire) Bahram-Shah Arslan Shah[27]
1117 2nd Battle of Ghazni plain of Shahrabad, near Ghazni[28] Arslan Shah (Sultan of Ghaznavid Empire) Ahmad Sanjar
Bahram-Shah 		Ahmad Sanjar(Sultan of the Great Seljuq Empire)[29]
12 May 1149 Battle of Sang-i Surakh Near upper part of the Helmand River Bahram-Shah Sayf al-Din Suri (Ghurids) Bahram Shah[30]
June 1170 (near Kannauj) Jayachandra(Gahadvala dynasty) Gahadvala dynasty[31]
1186 Siege of Lahore Lahore Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad(Ghurid dynasty) Ghurid Dynasty[32]

References

  1. ^ Christian Mabel (Duff) Rickmers, The Chronology of India, from the earliest times to the beginning of the sixteenth century, (Archibald Constable & Co., 1899), 101.
  2. ^ S. N. Sen, Ancient Indian History And Civilization, (New Age International, 1988), 342.
  3. ^ The Ghaznavids, C.E. Bosworth, Age of Achievement: A.D. 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century, Vol. 4, ed. M. S. Asimov, C. E. Bosworth, (UNESCO, 1998), 98.
  4. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Ghaznavids:994-1040, (Edinburgh University Press, 1963), 45.
  5. ^ Martin Sicker, The Islamic World in Ascendancy: From the Arab Conquests to the Siege of Vienna, (Greenwood Publishing, 2000), 48.
  6. ^ Satish Chandra, Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals (1206-1526), (Har-Anand Publications, 2006), 18.
  7. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, (Columbia University Press, 1977), 31.
  8. ^ Carl Brockelmann, Moshe Perlmann and Joel Carmichael, History of the Islamic Peoples: With a Review of Events, 1939-1947, (G.P. Putnam's sons, 1947), 169.  – via Questia (subscription required)
  9. ^ Rene Grousset, The Empire of the Steppes, transl. Naomi Walford, (Rutgers University Press, 2002), 146.
  10. ^ Satish Chandra, Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals (1206-1526), 18.
  11. ^ Mahmud of Ghazni, Adam Ali, Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia, Vol.1, ed. Alexander Mikaberidze, (ABC-CLIO, 2011), 543.
  12. ^ The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000-1217), C.E. Bosworth, The Cambridge History of Iran: The Saljuq and Mongol Period, Vol. 5, ed. J.A. Boyle, (Cambridge University Press, 1968), 19.
  13. ^ The Early Ghaznavids, C.E. Bosworth, The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 4, ed. R.N. Frye, (Cambridge University Press, 1999), 188.
  14. ^ 'Izz al-D in Ibn al-Althir, The Annals of the Saljuq Turks, transl. D.S. Richards, ed.Carole Hillenbrand, (Routledge, 2002), 35.
  15. ^ The Early Ghaznavids, C.E. Bosworth, The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 4, ed. R.N. Frye, (Cambridge University Press, 1999), 188.
  16. ^ S. N. Sen, Ancient Indian History And Civilization, (New Age International, 1999), 357.
  17. ^ Omid Safi, The Politics of Knowledge in Premodern Islam: Negotiating Ideology and Religious Inquiry, (University of North Carolina Press, 2006), 24.
  18. ^ Sheila Blair, The Monumental inscriptions from early Islamic Iran and Transoxiana, (Brill, 1992), 112.
  19. ^ Rene Grousset, The Empire of the Steppes: a History of Central Asia, transl. Naomi Walford, (Rutgers University Press, 1991), 147
  20. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 28.
  21. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 22-24.
  22. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 26.
  23. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 29.
  24. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 43.
  25. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 44.
  26. ^ Kandahar of the Arab Conquest, S. W. Helms, World Archaeology, Vol. 14, No.3, Islamic Archaeology (Feb., 1983), 342-354. [1]
  27. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, (Columbia University Press, 1977), 93.
  28. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 96.
  29. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 96.
  30. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 114-115.
  31. ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 126.
  32. ^ Ghaznavids, C.E. Bosworth, Encyclopedia Iranica
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