National Velvet (film)

National Velvet
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Clarence Brown
Screenplay by	Helen Deutsch
Based on	National Velvet 1935 novel by Enid Bagnold
Produced by	Pandro S. Berman
Starring	Mickey Rooney Donald Crisp Elizabeth Taylor Angela Lansbury Anne Revere Reginald Owen Terry Kilburn
Cinematography	Leonard Smith
Edited by	Robert Kern
Music by	Herbert Stothart
Production company	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Distributed by	Loew's, Inc
Release dates	December 14, 1944 (1944-12-14) (New York City) January 26, 1945 (1945-01-26) (United States)
Running time	123 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$2,770,000
Box office	$5,840,000

National Velvet is a 1944 American Technicolor sports film directed by Clarence Brown and based on the 1935 novel of the same name by Enid Bagnold. It stars Mickey Rooney, Donald Crisp, Angela Lansbury, Anne Revere, Reginald Owen, and an adolescent Elizabeth Taylor.

In 2003, National Velvet was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."

Plot

Mi and Velvet bandaging the Pie's legs

Mi cuts Velvet's hair before the race.

National Velvet is the story of a 12-year-old, horse-crazy girl, Velvet Brown, who lives in the small town of Sewels in Sussex, England. She wins a spirited gelding in a raffle and decides to train him for the Grand National steeplechase. Velvet is aided by a penniless young drifter named Mi Taylor, who discovered Mrs. Brown's name and address among his late father's effects, though he is unaware of why it was there. Hoping to profit from the association, Mi accepts an invitation to dinner and a night's lodging at the Browns' home, but Mrs. Brown is unwilling to allow Mi to trade on his father's good name and remains vague about their connection. Nevertheless, she convinces her husband to hire Mi over his better judgment, and Mi is brought into the home as a hired hand. It is revealed that Mi's career as a jockey ended in a collision which resulted in another jockey's death. Mi has not held a job since, and now hates horses because of the accident.

Velvet names the horse she won "The Pie" because his previous owner, Mr. Ede, called the troublesome gelding a pirate. Seeing Pie's natural talent, Velvet pleads with Mi to train him for the Grand National. Mi believes it a fool's errand, not because the horse lacks ability, but because they have no way to finance the effort. He makes his case to Mrs. Brown, but she consents to Velvet's desire to train the horse. To cover the entrance fee and other costs, Mrs. Brown gives Velvet the prize money she won for swimming the English Channel. Velvet and Mi train the horse and enter him into the race.

Mi and Velvet travel to the Grand National. Mi hires a professional jockey, but the night before the race, Velvet senses he lacks faith in the Pie and will lose. Velvet dismisses the jockey, leaving them without a rider. That night, Mi overcomes his fear of riding and intends to race Pie himself. He discovers that Velvet has donned the jockey silks and intends to ride. Knowing the dangers, Mi attempts to dissuade Velvet, who is determined to ride. As the race unfolds, Velvet and Pie clear all hurdles and win the race. Elated but exhausted, Velvet falls off her mount just after the finish. However, since rule 144 requires that the winning jockey not dismount before reaching the enclosure, Velvet and Pie are disqualified.

When it is discovered that the jockey is a girl, Velvet becomes a media sensation and is offered large amounts of money to travel to Hollywood and be filmed with Pie. To her father's disappointment, Velvet tearfully refuses the offers, claiming that Pie would dislike being stared at. Velvet says that she raced Pie at the Grand National because he deserved a chance for greatness. Velvet chooses a normal life for her and her horse. At the close of the film, Mi, ready to resume his old life, takes his leave without bidding Velvet goodbye. Before he gets too far, Mrs. Brown gives Velvet permission to reveal her relationship with his father. Velvet gallops off on Pie and finds Mi on the road. The movie ends with a long shot of Velvet stopping Mi at the top of a hill against a sunset sky, and presumably telling him about his father.

Cast

• Mickey Rooney as Michael "Mi" Taylor
• Elizabeth Taylor as Velvet Brown
• Donald Crisp as Mr. Herbert Brown
• Angela Lansbury as Edwina Brown
• Anne Revere as Mrs Araminty Brown
• Jackie 'Butch' Jenkins as Donald Brown
• Juanita Quigley as Malvolia "Mally" Brown
• Arthur Treacher as Race Patron
• Reginald Owen as Farmer Ede
• Norma Varden as Miss Sims
• Terry Kilburn as Theodore "Ted"
• Arthur Shields as Mr. Hallam
• Aubrey Mather as Entry official
• Alec Craig as Timothy "Tim"
• Eugene Loring as Ivan Taski
• Jane Isbell as Schoolgirl Jane
• Matthew Boulton as Entry official
• King Charles as the horse, The Pie
• Gordon Richards as Doctor
• Barry Macollum as a townsman (uncredited)
• Gerald Oliver Smith as a cameraman (uncredited)
• Harry Allen as van driver (uncredited)
• Mona Freeman as schoolgirl (uncredited)

Production notes

An 18-year-old Gene Tierney, who was then appearing on Broadway, was offered the role of Velvet Brown in 1939. Production was delayed, however, so Tierney returned to Broadway. Much of the film was shot in Pebble Beach, California, with the most-scenic views on the Pebble Beach Golf Links (with golf holes visible in the background). Elizabeth Taylor was given "The Pie" as a birthday gift after filming was over.

This was the first of two films casting Elizabeth Taylor and Anne Revere. The other film, A Place in the Sun, featured Revere as the mother of Taylor's love interest, played by Montgomery Clift. In that film, however, the two actresses never shared the screen with each other in any scene.

Mickey Rooney's scenes were shot first in one month allotted by the U.S. Army before Rooney was inducted in June 1944.

Mickey Rooney played a similar role in the film Black Stallion (1979).

Differences from the book

The film differs from the book in a number of respects. For example, Velvet's horse in the book is a piebald, and thus is given the name "The Piebald" or "The Pie" for short. In the movie, Pie is a chestnut, and another explanation for his name was given. Velvet, in the book, is a sickly child who is given to great imagination and spirit; her father is stern and given to anger, but the mother is stronger still and stands up to him. Since her days as a swimmer, she has become a large woman and weighs 16 stone—224 pounds (102 kg) at the time of the story, and warns Velvet never to allow herself to be burdened by weight. In the book Mr. and Mrs. Brown also have a 15-year-old daughter named Meredith, in addition to Edwina, Malvolia, Velvet, and Donald. In the novel, the professional jockey hired by Mi to race at the Grand National is said to have finished in 4th place at the previous event, it is possible this character is a reference to 1932 Ascot Gold Cup disgraced competitor Arthur Pasquier. The Meredith character does not appear in the movie.

Song

• "Summertime" - Elizabeth Taylor, Angela Lansbury, Juanita Quigley, MGM Studio and Orchestra Chorus Girls, and Norma Varden

Reception

National Velvet holds a 100% 'Fresh' rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 26 reviews, with an average rating of 8.09/10. The site's consensus reads: "National Velvet makes the most of a breakout performance from Elizabeth Taylor, delivering a timeless family-friendly tearjerker that avoids straying into the sentimental".

At the box office, the film earned $3,678,000 in the US and Canada and $2,162,000 elsewhere.

Academy Awards

The film won two Oscars, and was nominated for three others, in 1945:

Awards

Award	Date of ceremony	Category	Recipients	Result
Academy Awards	March 7, 1946	Best Director	Clarence Brown	Nominated
		Best Actress in a Supporting Role	Anne Revere	Won
		Best Cinematography, Color	Leonard Smith	Nominated
		Best Art Direction – Interior Decoration, Color	Art Direction: Cedric Gibbons and Urie McCleary; Interior Decoration: Edwin B. Willis and Mildred Griffiths	Nominated
		Best Film Editing	Robert J. Kern	Won

Other adaptations

• National Velvet was dramatized as a one-hour radio play on the February 3, 1947 broadcast of Lux Radio Theater, with Elizabeth Taylor, Mickey Rooney, Donald Crisp and Janice Scott.
• In 1960, the film was adapted into a television series with the same title.

Sequel

In 1978, the sequel International Velvet, was released. The film stars Tatum O'Neal, Christopher Plummer, Anthony Hopkins, and Nanette Newman, who plays Velvet Brown as an adult. After the events of National Velvet, Donald got married, had a daughter named Sarah Velvet Brown, and moved from England to Cave Creek, Arizona. Sarah comes to live with Velvet and her boyfriend John after Donald and his wife die from their injuries in a car accident. Elizabeth Taylor did not reprise her role as Velvet in the sequel.

External links

• National Velvet at IMDb 
• National Velvet at the TCM Movie Database
• National Velvet at AllMovie
• National Velvet at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
• National Velvet at Rotten Tomatoes