Nucleariid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Nucleariids | |
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| Nuclearia thermophila | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukarya |
| (unranked): | Opisthokonts |
| Order: | Nucleariida |
The nucleariids are a group of amoebae[1] with filose pseudopods, known mostly from soils and freshwater. They are distinguished from the similar vampyrellids mainly by having mitochondria with discoid cristae.
[edit] Classification
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One view of the great kingdoms and their stem groups.[2]
Nucleariids are opisthokonts,[3] the group which includes animals, fungi and several smaller groups. Several studies place the nucleariids as a sister group to the fungi.[4][5]
[edit] Characteristics
Nucleariids are usually small, up to about 50 μm in size.
- Nuclearia[3] and Micronuclearia.
- The other genera, Rabdiophrys, Pinaciophora, and Pompholyxophrys, are freshwater forms with hollow siliceous scales or spines. These were formerly included among the heliozoa as the Rotosphaerida.
According to a 2009 paper, Fonticula, a cellular slime mold, is an opisthokont and more closely related to Nuclearia than to fungi.[6]
[edit] References
- ^ Zettler; Nerad, T.; O'Kelly, C.; Sogin, M. (2001). "The nucleariid amoebae: more protists at the animal-fungal boundary". The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology 48 (3): 293–297. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00317.x. PMID 11411837.
- ^ Phylogeny based on:
- Eichinger, L.; Pachebat, J.A.; Glöckner, G.; Rajandream, M.A.; Sucgang, R.; Berriman, M.; Song, J.; Olsen, R.; Szafranski, K.; Xu, Q.; Others, (2005). "The genome of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum". Nature 435 (7038): 43–57. doi:10.1038/nature03481. PMC 1352341. PMID 15875012. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1352341.
- Steenkamp, E.T.; Wright, J.; Baldauf, S.L. (2006). "The Protistan Origins of Animals and Fungi". Molecular Biology and Evolution 23 (1): 93–106. doi:10.1093/molbev/msj011. PMID 16151185.
- ^ a b Yoshida M, Nakayama T, Inouye I (January 2009). "Nuclearia thermophila sp. nov. (Nucleariidae), a new nucleariid species isolated from Yunoko Lake in Nikko (Japan)". European journal of protistology 45 (2): 147–155. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2008.09.004. PMID 19157810. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0932-4739(08)00080-1.
- ^ Steenkamp, E.T.; Wright, J.; Baldauf, S.L. (2006). "The Protistan Origins of Animals and Fungi". Molecular Biology and Evolution 23 (1): 93–106. doi:10.1093/molbev/msj011. PMID 16151185.
- ^ Shalchian-Tabrizi K, Minge MA, Espelund M, et al (2008). Aramayo, Rodolfo. ed. "Multigene phylogeny of choanozoa and the origin of animals". PLoS ONE 3 (5): e2098. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002098. PMC 2346548. PMID 18461162. http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002098
- ^ Matthew W. Brown, Frederick W. Spiegel and Jeffrey D. Silberman (2009). "Phylogeny of the "Forgotten" Cellular Slime Mold, Fonticula alba, Reveals a Key Evolutionary Branch within Opisthokonta". Molecular Biology and Evolution 26 (12): 2699–2709. doi:10.1093/molbev/msp185. PMID 19692665
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