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Pripyat

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This article is about the city. For the river, see Pripyat (river). For other uses, see Pripyat (disambiguation).

Pripyat
При́пʼять
City
Clockwise from top-left:
Official seal of Pripyat
Seal
Pripyat is located in Kyiv Oblast
Pripyat
Pripyat
Pripyat is located in Ukraine
Pripyat
Pripyat
Coordinates: 51°24′17″N 30°03′25″E / 51.40472°N 30.05694°E / 51.40472; 30.05694
Country Ukraine
OblastKyiv Oblast
Raion
Founded4 February 1970
City rights1979
Government
 • AdministrationState Agency of Ukraine on the Exclusion Zone Management
Elevation
[1]
111 m (364 ft)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total0
 (c. 49,000 in 1986)
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Postal code
None (formerly 01196)
Area code+380 4499[2]

Pripyat (/ˈpriːpjət, ˈprɪp-/ PREE-pyət, PRIP-yət; Russian: При́пять), also known as Prypiat (Template:Lang-uk, Prypiat, IPA: [ˈprɪpjɐtʲ]), is an abandoned city in northern Ukraine, located near the border with Belarus. Named after the nearby river, Pripyat, it was founded on 4 February 1970 as the ninth atomgrad (a type of closed town in the Soviet Union) to serve the nearby Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, which is located in the adjacent ghost city of Chernobyl.[3] Pripyat was officially proclaimed a city in 1979 and had grown to a population of 49,360[4] by the time it was evacuated on the afternoon of 27 April 1986, one day after the Chernobyl disaster.[5]

Although it was located within the administrative district of Ivankiv Raion (now Vyshhorod Raion since the 2020 raion reform), the abandoned municipality now has the status of city of regional significance within the larger Kyiv Oblast, and is administered directly from the capital of Kyiv. Pripyat is also supervised by the State Emergency Service of Ukraine, which manages activities for the entire Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Following the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster, the entire population of Pripyat was moved to the purpose-built city of Slavutych.

History

Background

See also: Chernobyl disaster
See also: Pripyat Marshes massacres
Panoramic view of Pripyat in May 2009
View of the Chernobyl power plant including 2003 radioactive level of 0.763 milliroentgens per hour

Access to Pripyat, unlike cities of military importance, was not restricted before the disaster, as the Soviet Union deemed nuclear power stations safer than other types of power plants. Nuclear power stations were presented as achievements of Soviet engineering, harnessing nuclear power for peaceful projects. The slogan "peaceful atom" (Russian: мирный атом, romanized: mirnyy atom) was popular during those times. The original plan had been to build the plant only 25 km (16 mi) from Kyiv, but the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, among other bodies, expressed concern that would be too close to the city. As a result, the power station and Pripyat[6] were built at their current locations, about 100 km (62 mi) from Kyiv. After the disaster, the city of Pripyat was evacuated in two days.[7]

A panorama of Pripyat during summer. The Chernobyl power plant, currently undergoing decommissioning, is visible in the distance, at top center.

Post-Chernobyl years

Pripyat amusement park, as seen from the City Center Gymnasium
Aerial view of Pripyat
The Azure Swimming Pool was still in use by liquidators in 1996, a decade after the Chernobyl incident.
In 2009, over two decades after the Chernobyl incident, the Azure Swimming Pool shows decay after years of disuse.

In 1986, the city of Slavutych was constructed to replace Pripyat. After the city of Chernobyl, this was the second-largest city for accommodating power plant workers and scientists in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).

One notable landmark often featured in photographs of the city and visible from aerial-imaging websites is the long-abandoned Ferris wheel located in the Pripyat amusement park, which had been scheduled to have its official opening five days after the disaster, in time for May Day celebrations.[8][9] The Azure Swimming Pool and Avanhard Stadium are two other popular tourist sites.

On 4 February 2020, former residents of Pripyat gathered in the abandoned city to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Pripyat's establishment. This was the first time former residents returned to the city since its abandonment in 1986.[10]

The 2020 Chernobyl Exclusion Zone wildfires reached the outskirts of the town, but they did not reach the plant.[citation needed]

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the city was occupied by Russian forces during the Battle of Chernobyl after several hours of heavy fighting.[11] On 31 March 2022, Russian troops withdrew from the plant and other parts of Kyiv Oblast.[12][13] On 3 April 2022, Ukrainian troops took control of Pripyat again.[14][15]

Infrastructure and statistics

The following statistics are from 1 January 1986.[16]

  • Population: 49,400 before the disaster. The average age was about 26 years old. Total living space was 658,700 m2 (7,090,000 sq ft): 13,414 apartments in 160 apartment blocks, 18 halls of residence accommodating up to 7,621 single males or females, and eight halls of residence for married or de facto couples.
  • Education: 15 kindergartens and elementary schools for 4,980 children, and five secondary schools for 6,786 students.
  • Healthcare: One hospital that could accommodate up to 410 patients, and three clinics.
  • Trade: 25 stores and malls; 27 cafes, cafeterias, and restaurants that collectively could serve up to 5,535 customers simultaneously. 10 warehouses that could hold 4,430 tons of goods.
  • Culture: Three facilities: a culture palace, the Palace of Culture Energetik; a cinema; and a school of arts, with eight different societies.
  • Sports: 10 gyms, 10 shooting galleries, three indoor swimming-pools, two stadiums.
  • Recreation: One park, 35 playgrounds, 18,136 trees, 33,000 rose plants, 249,247 shrubs.
  • Industry: Four factories with total annual turnover of 477,000,000 rubles. One nuclear power plant with four reactors (plus two more planned).
  • Transportation: Yanov railway station, 167 urban buses, plus the nuclear power plant car park with 400 spaces.
  • Telecommunication: 2,926 local phones managed by the Pripyat Phone Company, plus 1,950 phones owned by Chernobyl power station's administration, Jupiter plant, and Department of Architecture and Urban Development.

Safety

The external relative gamma dose for a person in the open near the Chernobyl disaster site. The intermediate lived fission products like Cs-137 contribute nearly all of the gamma dose now after a number of decades have passed, see opposite.
The impact of the different isotopes on the radioactive contamination of the air soon after the accident. Drawn using data from the OECD report [1] and the second edition of 'The radiochemical manual'.
Pripyat 2007

A concern is whether it is safe to visit Pripyat and its surroundings. The Zone of Alienation is considered relatively safe to visit, and several Ukrainian companies offer guided tours around the area.[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][excessive citations] In most places within the city, the level of radiation does not exceed an equivalent dose of 1 μSv (one microsievert) per hour.[26]

Climate

The climate of Pripyat is designated as Dfb (Warm-summer humid continental climate) on the Köppen Climate Classification System.[27]

Climate data for Pripyat
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −3
(27) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		3.7
(38.7) 		13.2
(55.8) 		20.3
(68.5) 		23.5
(74.3) 		24.6
(76.3) 		23.9
(75.0) 		18.8
(65.8) 		11.8
(53.2) 		4.3
(39.7) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		11.6
(53.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.1
(21.0) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		0.1
(32.2) 		8.4
(47.1) 		14.8
(58.6) 		18.0
(64.4) 		19.1
(66.4) 		18.4
(65.1) 		13.7
(56.7) 		7.8
(46.0) 		1.8
(35.2) 		−2.6
(27.3) 		7.4
(45.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −9.1
(15.6) 		−9
(16) 		−3.5
(25.7) 		3.7
(38.7) 		9.3
(48.7) 		12.6
(54.7) 		13.7
(56.7) 		12.9
(55.2) 		8.6
(47.5) 		3.8
(38.8) 		−0.7
(30.7) 		−5.1
(22.8) 		3.1
(37.6)
Source: [28]

Films

(Alphabetical by title)

  • The film A Good Day to Die Hard (2013) is partly set in Pripyat.
  • The horror film Chernobyl Diaries (2012) was inspired by the Chernobyl disaster in 1986 and takes place in Pripyat.[29]
  • The majority of the film Land of Oblivion (2011) was shot on location in Pripyat.
  • Pripyat is featured in the History Channel documentary Life After People.
  • The majority of the Russian movie (originally a miniseries) Inseparable takes place in Pripyat.
  • The drone manufacturer DJI produced Lost City of Chernobyl (May 2015), a documentary film about the work of photographer and cinematographer Philip Grossman and his five-year project in Pripyat and the Zone of Exclusion.[30]
  • Filmmaker Danny Cooke used a drone to capture shots of the abandoned amusement park, some residential shots of decaying walls, children's toys, and gas masks, and collected them in a 3-minute short film Postcards From Chernobyl (released in November 2014), while making footage for the CBS News 60 Minutes episode "Chernobyl: The Catastrophe That Never Ended" (early 2014).[31][32]
  • With the help of drones, aerial views of Pripyat were shot and later edited to appear as a deserted London in the film The Girl with All the Gifts (2016).[33]
  • The film Transformers: Dark of the Moon (2011) shows a brief mission to Pripyat wherein the Autobots are first attacked by Shockwave while searching for a piece of alien technology which, in universe, is explained as being the catalyst to the Chernobyl disaster.
  • The documentary White Horse (2008) was filmed in Pripyat.[34]

Games

(Alphabetical by game title)

Literature

(Alphabetical by artist)

  • In DC Comics' Batwoman (2011) comic book series, the final mission of Kate Kane's training to become the titular superhero consists of a hostage rescue in the city.
  • Markiyan Kamysh's novel, Stalking the Atomic City. Life among the decadent and the depraved of Chornobyl, about illegal trips to Chernobyl.[36]
  • Much of the James Rollins' novel The Last Oracle takes place in Pripyat and around Chernobyl. The story revolves around a team of American "Killer Scientist" special agents who must stop a terrorist plot to unleash on the world the radiation of Lake Karachay, during the installation of the new sarcophagus over the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.
  • The exclusion zone is the setting for Karl Schroeder's science fiction short story "The Dragon of Pripyat".
  • A novel by R. D. Shah, The 4th Secret, includes a chapter (30) that takes place in Pripyat where a fictional group of Skoptsy heretics were holding two important people they had kidnapped.[37]
  • Martin Cruz Smith's novel Wolves Eat Dogs uses Pripyat as the setting for an investigation by Arkady Renko.

Music

(Alphabetical by artist)

  • The Ukrainian singer Alyosha recorded most of the video for her Eurovision 2010 entry, "Sweet People", in Pripyat.
  • Ash, the rock band from Northern Ireland, has a song titled Pripyat included in their album A–Z Vol.1.
  • The music video for the Crucifix song "Chernobyl" was filmed in Pripyat.
  • The song "Dead City" (Template:Lang-uk) by the Ukrainian Symphonic Metal band DELIA is about Pripyat, and scenes from the music video were shot in the city. DELIA's vocalist, Anastasia Sverkunova, was born in Pripyat just before the Chernobyl disaster.[38]
  • In 2006, musician Example featured Pripyat in his 18-minute documentary of the ghost town and in his promotional video for his track, "What We Made".
  • In 2021, a second music video for Go_A's Eurovision 2021 entry "Shum" displayed the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant from a far distance.
  • The German pianist and composer Hauschka features Pripyat on the second track of his album Abandoned Cities.
  • The Scottish post-rock band Mogwai included a song called "Pripyat" on their album Atomic (2016), which is a soundtrack to Mark Cousins' documentary Atomic, Living in Dread and Promise.
  • The Irish folk-rock singer Christy Moore included a song called "Farewell to Pripyat" on his album Voyage (1989), the song credited to Tim Dennehy.
  • In 2014, for the 20th anniversary of the original release of The Division Bell, a music video for the song "Marooned" was produced and released on the official Pink Floyd website. Aubrey Powell of Hipgnosis directed the video, some parts of which were filmed in Pripyat[39] during the first week of April 2014.[40]
  • Marillion guitarist Steve Rothery's first solo album is called The Ghosts of Pripyat (2014).
  • The Australian rapper Seth Sentry included the two-part song "Pripyat" in his album Strange New Past (2015).
  • The English rock band Suede used the city to shoot their music video clip Life Is Golden, including takes of the Azure Swimming Pool, Pripyat amusement park, and Polissya hotel.
  • The Swedish Industrial Metal band ZAVOD has a song titled "Pripyat" on their debut album Industrial City, released in 2012. The song covers the aftermath for the people of Pripyat who were affected by the disaster at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in 1986.
  • The Italian Rapper Caparezza has a song titled "Come Pripyat" on his album Exuvia, released in 2021.[41]
  • The Belarusian post-punk band Molchat Doma released a music video for their song titled, "Waves" (Russian: Волны) as part of their album Etazhi. The music video was filmed in Pripyat through a series of varying drone shots; displaying famous landmarks of the abandoned city.[42]

Television

(Alphabetical by series)

Transport

City diagram
  Neighborhood I
  Neighborhood II
  Neighborhood III
  Neighborhood IV
  Neighborhood IVa
  Neighborhood V
  City Center
  Medicare complex
  Public buildings complex
  Public buildings and educational buildings

The city was served by Yaniv station on the Chernihiv–Ovruch railway. It was an important passenger hub of the line and was located between the southern suburb of Pripyat and the village of Yaniv. An electric train terminus of Semikhody, built in 1988 and located in front of the nuclear plant, is currently the only operating station near Pripyat connecting it to Slavutych.[47]

Personalities

  • Markiyan Kamysh (born 1988), writer, illegal Chernobyl explorer ("stalker")
  • Alexander Sirota (born 1976), photographer, journalist and filmmaker
  • Lyubov Sirota (born 1956), poet, writer, playwright, journalist and translator
  • Pripyat in winter
    Pripyat in winter
  • Pripyat in winter
    Pripyat in winter
  • A gate in Pripyat city, 2000
    A gate in Pripyat city, 2000
  • Ferris wheel of the Pripyat amusement park
    Ferris wheel of the Pripyat amusement park
  • Polissya hotel
    Polissya hotel
  • Pripyat city limit sign with a radiation dosimeter
    Pripyat city limit sign with a radiation dosimeter
  • Palace of Culture Energetik — artistic, cultural, entertainment and recreational activities center
    Palace of Culture Energetik — artistic, cultural, entertainment and recreational activities center
  • The former football stadium of Pripyat
    The former football stadium of Pripyat
  • Abandoned football ground
    Abandoned football ground
  • Forest area near the city
    Forest area near the city
  • Pripyat pier
    Pripyat pier
  • Abandoned school
    Abandoned school
  • Pripyat after the disaster
    Pripyat after the disaster
  • Pripyat skyline
    Pripyat skyline
  • Pripyat bumper car floor
    Pripyat bumper car floor

See also

References

  1. ^ "Elevation of Pripyat, Scotland Elevation Map, Topography, Contour". Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  2. ^ "City Phone Codes". Archived from the original on 15 August 2015. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  3. ^ Pripyat: Short Introduction Archived 11 July 2012 at archive.today
  4. ^ "Chernobyl and Eastern Europe: My Journey to Chernobyl 6". Chernobylee.com. Archived from the original on 15 October 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
  5. ^ "Pripyat – City of Ghosts". chernobylwel.com. Archived from the original on 17 February 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  6. ^ "History of the Pripyat city creation". chornobyl.in.ua. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  7. ^ Anastasia. "dirjournal.com". Info Blog. Archived from the original on 17 November 2014. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  8. ^ Hjelmgaard, Kim (17 April 2016). "Pillaged and peeling, radiation-ravaged Pripyat welcomes 'extreme' tourists". USA Today. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  9. ^ Gais, Hannah; Steinberg, Eugene (26 April 2016). "Chernobyl in Spring". Pacific Standard. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  10. ^ LEE, PHOTOS BY ASSOCIATED PRESS, EDITED BY AMANDA. "AP Gallery: Chernobyl town Pripyat celebrates 50th anniversary". Columbia Missourian. Retrieved 24 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ "Fighting breaks out near Chernobyl, says Ukrainian president". The Independent. 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  12. ^ "Russia Hands Control of Chernobyl Back to Ukraine, Officials Say". Wall Street Journal. 31 March 2022.
  13. ^ Ukrainian flag was raised at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, Ukrayinska Pravda (2 April 2022)
  14. ^ Kyiv region: Ukrainian military take control of Pripyat and section of border, Ukrayinska Pravda (3 April 2022)
  15. ^ "Ukrainian forces regain control of Pripyat, the ghost town near the Chernobyl nuclear plant". 3 April 2022.
  16. ^ Припять в цифрах Archived 13 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine ("Pripyat in Numbers"), a page from Pripyat website
  17. ^ "Chernobyl Tour". Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  18. ^ "Chernobyl Welcome". Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  19. ^ "Chernobyl Tours by Solo East Travel". Archived from the original on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  20. ^ "Tour Chernobyl". Archived from the original on 27 November 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  21. ^ "Lupine Travel - Chernobyl". Archived from the original on 25 January 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  22. ^ "Tour2Chernobyl". Archived from the original on 27 April 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2018.
  23. ^ "Tour2Kiev". Archived from the original on 24 December 2015. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  24. ^ "Pripyat - Chernobyl Tour". Archived from the original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  25. ^ "RealChernobyl | CHNPP Travel Agency". realchernobyl.com.
  26. ^ "Radiation levels". The Chernobyl Gallery. 24 October 2013. Archived from the original on 29 September 2014. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  27. ^ Mindat.org https://www.mindat.org/loc-271143.html
  28. ^ "Prypiat climate". Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  29. ^ Chernobyl Diaries at IMDb
  30. ^ DJI (14 August 2015), DJI Stories – The Lost City of Chernobyl, archived from the original on 25 August 2015, retrieved 24 March 2016
  31. ^ a b "Witness a Drone's Eye View of Chernobyl's Urban Decay". The Creators Project. 24 November 2014. Archived from the original on 26 November 2014. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  32. ^ "من فوق.. كيف يبدو ما بقي من تشيرنوبل بعد 30 عاما من الكارثة النووية؟". CNN Arabic. December 2014. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  33. ^ Wiseman, Andreas (4 August 2016). "The story behind 'The Girl With All The Gifts'". Screen International. Archived from the original on 20 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  34. ^ White Horse at IMDb
  35. ^ "Atypical Games launches Radiation City". Archived from the original on 3 September 2017. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  36. ^ "Stalking the Atomic City by Markiyan Kamysh". Penguin Random House Canada. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  37. ^ Shah, R. D. (10 July 2017). The 4th Secret. Canelo. p. 398. ISBN 978-1-911591-68-9.
  38. ^ "DELIA". Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  39. ^ Johns, Matt (19 May 2014). "Pink Floyd release new Marooned video...and TDB20 countdown!". brain-damage.co.uk. Archived from the original on 22 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
  40. ^ "Pink Floyd to Release 20th Anniversary Box Set of 'The Division Bell'" (Press release). 20 May 2014. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  41. ^ "Exuvia". Record Store Day.
  42. ^ "Molchat Doma - Volny (Official Lyrics Video) молчат дома - волны". YouTube.
  43. ^ "من فوق.. كيف يبدو ما بقي من تشيرنوبل بعد 30 عاما من الكارثة النووية؟". CNN Arabic. December 2014. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 2 December 2014.
  44. ^ "Philip Grossman - Mysteries of the Abandoned Cast". Science.
  45. ^ "Philip Ethan Grossman". IMDb.
  46. ^ "Atomic Assassin". Animal Planet.
  47. ^ "Radioactive Railroad". Archived from the original on 21 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pripyat.
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