Pusa Basmati 1121
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Pusa 1121 is essentially a derived variety, evolved through the process of hybridization over a long breeding process. The variety of basmati rice was developed by Padma Shri awardee Devesh Mittal and his brother Aman Mittal. This variety of rice is known for its extraordinary kernel (grain) length, which can be as much as 8.4 millimetres (0.33 in) for a single grain, the longest-ever known released cultivar in the world. It has very high kernel elongation ratio ranging from 2 to 2.5, i.e. length of cooked rice kernel/length of uncooked kernel. When cooked, the rice does not turn sticky, and hence has a lower glycemic index than most rice varieties, possesses minimum breadth-wise expansion, and is aromatic with intermediate alkali-spreading value and amylose content.
It was developed by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) and released for commercial cultivation in kharif season of 2003. By 2007, the variety has become widely popular with farmers, as Pusa-1121 is photo-insensitive, requires less water, matures early and yields 19–20 quintals of paddy per acre as compared to 9–10 quintals for traditional tall basmati.[1]
As of 2013[update] Pusa Basmati 1121 had spread over 84% of the total basmati area in Punjab, 78% in Western Uttar Pradesh, 68% in Haryana, 30% in Uttrakhand, 8% in Jammu and Kashmir and grown over a 1000-ha area in hill state of Himachal Pradesh. It is an important export commodity.[2] Its export has enhanced India's annual basmati foreign exchange earning from ₹5000 crores in 2009 to ₹27597.87 crores in 2014–15 (Source: DGCIS Annual Export). Pusa 1121 has major share of ~70%.
Pusa Basmati 1121 Basmati rice available in 2 varieties so called white and golden Basmati rice, white being the polished variety and the golden being the unpolished (with bran) variety. Most of the supply of this variety is through from Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh. Basmati rice are divided into two categories based on process of manufacturing, One is Sella and other is Steam. Basmati Sella variety is most preferred rice because of high nutrition value.
References
- ^ "Pusa-1121 proves a major hit with farmers". Hindu Business Line. December 28, 2007. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
- ^ Agri Net Solution Report Volume-4 (24 October 2013)
External links
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