Sanda, Hyōgo
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Sanda
三田市 | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location of Sanda in Hyōgo Prefecture | |
  Sanda Location in Japan | |
| Coordinates: 34°53′N 135°14′E / 34.883°N 135.233°E | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kansai |
| Prefecture | Hyōgo Prefecture |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Hideaki Takeuchi |
| Area | |
| • Total | 210.22 km2 (81.17 sq mi) |
| Population (August 31, 2016) | |
| • Total | 113,726 |
| • Density | 540.73/km2 (1,400.5/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) |
| City hall address | 2-1-1, Miwa, Sanda-shi, Hyōgo-ken 669-1595 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | www |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Green pheasant |
| Flower | Satsuki azalea |
| Tree | Japanese red pine |
Sanda (三田市, Sanda-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on July 1, 1958. As of August 31, 2016, the city has an estimated population of 113,726 and a population density of 540.73 persons per km2. The total area is 210.22 km2.
History
The name "Sanda" has been in use since long ago. Records found within a Buddhist Maitreya statue in the ancient Konshinji Temple read: "These areas are decreed as Matsuyama's land, which includes Onden, Hiden and Keiden, which are three rice fields, and the land is thus renamed Sanda." In Japanese, "san" means three and "ta" (pronounced "da" following "n") means rice field. The earliest document on record which refers to Sanda is from 1477.
The area of modern Sanda was occupied by humans starting from at least 25,000 years ago.
Sanda Castle was erected during the Muromachi period. A castle town was later built during the Azuchi-Momoyama period, and Sanda flourished as a castle town governed by the Kuki clan, producing 36,000 koku (equivalent to 184,000 rice bushels) annually.
After the Meiji period, Sanda expanded as the center of Arima District thanks to the completion of a railroad system which connected the town and the surrounding areas. In 1956, the towns of Miwa, Hirono, Ono, and Takahira merged into the town of Sanda. Finally, Sanda annexed Aino, itself a merger of towns Ai and Honjō, in 1957. Sanda was upgraded from a town to a city on July 1, 1958.
Geography
Sanda City is located in the southeast of Hyōgo Prefecture, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the north of the city of Kobe beyond the Rokkō Mountains and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of the city of Osaka. Sanda city is adjacent to the city of Sasayama to the north. Takarazuka and Inagawa lie to the east. Miki and Katō are located to the west.
Rivers
The Muko River runs through Sanda from Sasayama City in the north to Osaka Bay in the southeast. The size of the drainage basin is 496 km2. The river is host to events and festivals throughout the year.
Climate
Sanda has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with hot summers and cool to cold winters. Precipitation is significantly higher in summer than in winter, though on the whole lower than most parts of Honshū, and there is no significant snowfall. The average annual temperature in Sanda is 14.1 °C (57.4 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,281.8 mm (50.46 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.4 °C (79.5 °F), and lowest in January, at around 2.5 °C (36.5 °F).[1] The highest temperature ever recorded in Sanda was 38.4 °C (101.1 °F) on 8 August 1994; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −10.6 °C (12.9 °F) on 23 December 2005.[2]
| Climate data for Sanda (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.4 (63.3) |
20.8 (69.4) |
22.9 (73.2) |
29.1 (84.4) |
31.4 (88.5) |
35.2 (95.4) |
37.2 (99.0) |
38.4 (101.1) |
36.0 (96.8) |
32.1 (89.8) |
25.3 (77.5) |
22.1 (71.8) |
38.4 (101.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.5 (65.3) |
23.5 (74.3) |
26.5 (79.7) |
30.2 (86.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
27.4 (81.3) |
21.7 (71.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
10.3 (50.5) |
19.6 (67.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.5 (36.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
6.8 (44.2) |
12.3 (54.1) |
17.5 (63.5) |
21.6 (70.9) |
25.5 (77.9) |
26.4 (79.5) |
22.3 (72.1) |
16.1 (61.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
4.7 (40.5) |
14.1 (57.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.2 (28.0) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
1.0 (33.8) |
5.9 (42.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
21.6 (70.9) |
22.1 (71.8) |
17.9 (64.2) |
11.0 (51.8) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
9.0 (48.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −10.1 (13.8) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.6 (54.7) |
14.1 (57.4) |
7.6 (45.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 41.7 (1.64) |
52.6 (2.07) |
92.8 (3.65) |
94.7 (3.73) |
125.5 (4.94) |
165.1 (6.50) |
171.1 (6.74) |
128.4 (5.06) |
165.5 (6.52) |
127.5 (5.02) |
66.5 (2.62) |
50.4 (1.98) |
1,281.8 (50.46) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 5.8 | 6.8 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 11.4 | 10.5 | 8.4 | 10.3 | 8.5 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 104 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 134.6 | 128.9 | 157.8 | 181.2 | 182.9 | 131.9 | 148.4 | 198.7 | 146.7 | 158.5 | 143.2 | 140.5 | 1,853.3 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[2][1] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Sanda in 2020 was 109,238 people.[3] Sanda has been conducting censuses since 1920.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 22,008 | — |
| 1925 | 22,238 | +1.0% |
| 1930 | 23,513 | +5.7% |
| 1935 | 23,212 | −1.3% |
| 1940 | 24,282 | +4.6% |
| 1945 | 33,145 | +36.5% |
| 1950 | 33,211 | +0.2% |
| 1955 | 33,667 | +1.4% |
| 1960 | 32,528 | −3.4% |
| 1965 | 32,265 | −0.8% |
| 1970 | 33,090 | +2.6% |
| 1975 | 35,261 | +6.6% |
| 1980 | 36,529 | +3.6% |
| 1985 | 40,716 | +11.5% |
| 1990 | 64,560 | +58.6% |
| 1995 | 96,279 | +49.1% |
| 2000 | 111,737 | +16.1% |
| 2005 | 113,572 | +1.6% |
| 2010 | 114,220 | +0.6% |
| 2015 | 112,691 | −1.3% |
| 2020 | 109,238 | −3.1% |
| Sanda population statistics[3] | ||
Transportation
Sanda is served by several forms of transportation.
Rail
Railways connect the city to other cities in the region, including Kobe and Osaka.
- JR West Japan
- Fukuchiyama Line (JR Takarazuka Line) : Sanda Station - Shin-Sanda Station - Hirono Station - Aino Station - Aimoto Station
- Tambaji Special Express : Sanda Station - Fukuchiyama Station
- Kobe Electric Railway
- Sanda Line : Yokoyama Station - Sanda Honmachi Station - Sanda Station
- Koen-Toshi Line : Yokoyama Station - Flower Town Station - Minami Woody Town Station - Woody Town Chuo Station
Road
- Expressways
- Maizuru-Wakasa Expressway : Sanda West IC
- Chugoku Expressway : Kobe Sanda IC
- National Routes
- National Route 176
- Toll roads
- Rokko Toll Road
Bus
- Shinki bus: Sanda, Sannomiya, and the surrounding area
- Hankyu bus: Sanda Line, Arima Line (to Arima Onsen)
Public institutions and attractions
Museum of Nature and Human Activities
The museum's theme is the "symbiosis of people and nature". It opened in Flowertown on October 10, 1992, and is known as "Hitohaku" in Japanese. It is one of the largest public museums in Japan.
Satonone Hall
Satonone Hall is a large performance venue in Sanda. It was completed in March 2007. The facility features a large hall, small hall, rehearsal rooms, and display rooms. The interior is decorated in soft tones and motifs symbolic of the harvest of Satoyama, persimmons, ears of rice, water, and wind.
Libraries
Sanda has three libraries:
- Sanda City Library
- Sanda Woodytown Library
- Sanda-Ai Library
Sanda city also has a mobile library called "Soyokaze". It began service on January 19, 1994 and has about 3,500 books.
Schools
Universities and colleges
- Kansei Gakuin University (Kobe Sanda campus)
- Minatogawa College (two-year institution)
High schools (grades 10-12)
- Arima High School
- Hokusetsu Sanda High School
- Sanda Seiryo High School
- Sanda Shounkan High School
- Sanda Gakuen High School (private)
- Sanda Shosei High School (private)
Junior high schools (grades 7-9)
- Keyakidai Junior High School
- Yurinokidai Junior High School
- Hasama Junior High School
- Uenodai Junior High School
- Nagasaka Junior High School
- Hakkei Junior High School
- Fuji Junior High School
- Ai Junior High School
- Sanda Gakuen Junior High School (private)
Elementary schools (grades 1-6)
- Akashiadai Elementary School
- Keyakidai Elementary School
- Suzukakedai Elementary School
- Tsutsujigaoka Elementary School
- Yurinokidai Elementary School
- Gakuen Elementary School
- Hasama Elementary School
- Hirono Elementary School
- Takahira Elementary School
- Sanda Elementary School
- Miwa Elementary School
- Shidehara Elementary School
- Ono Elementary School
- Matsugaoka Elementary School
- Fuji Elementary School
- Muko Elementary School
- Moushi Elementary School
- Honjyo Elementary School
- Yayoi Elementary School
- Ai Elementary School
Kindergartens
- Sanda Kindergarten
- Miwa Kindergarten
- Shidehara Kindergarten
- Ono Kindergarten
- Moushi Kindergarten
- Hirono Kindergarten
- Honjyo Kindergarten
- Ai Kindergarten
- Matsugaoka Kindergarten
- Takahira Kindergarten
- Hokusetsu Dai1 Kindergarten (private)
- Hokusetsu Chuo Kindergarten (private)
- Fuji Kindergarten (private)
- Sanda Asahi Kindergarten (private)
- Sanda Sachi Kindergarten (private)
- Sanda Tsutsujigaoka Kindergarten (private)
- Sanda Keyakidai Kindergarten (private)
- Yayoi Kindergarten (private)
- Hokusetsu Gakuen Kindergarten (private)
- Sanda Jiai Kindergarten (private)
Special schools
- Uenogahara Special School
- Hyogo Prefectural Koto High School for Students with Special Needs
Medical facilities
Sanda has many hospitals and medical facilities.
General hospitals
- Sanda City Hospital/Keyakidai
- Hyogo Chuo Hospital/Ohara
Other facilities
Internal medicine
- Aino Hospital
- Banto Hospital
Surgery
- Tomita Clinic
- Aozora Clinic
Orthopedics
- Takemoto Orthopedics Hospital
- Nakauti Orthopedics Hospital
Ophthalmology
- Asai Ophthalmological Clinic
- Ida Ophthalmological Clinic
Otolaryngology
- Fujimura Otolaryngological Clinic
- Morimoto Otolaryngological Clinic
Dermatology
- Tujii Clinic
- Hayashibe Clinic
Dentistry
- Asahara Clinic
- Ashizawa Clinic
- Idono Clinic
Shopping
Sanda has many shopping centers.
- Aeon-Sanda Woodytown: near the Woodytown Chuo station in Keyakidai. There is a movie theater.
- Pasukaru Sanda: fresh vegetable and local food market.
- Hankyu Oasis: near Sanda station.
- Elm Plaza: near Minami Woodytown station in Suzukakedai.
- Century Plaza: near the Woodytown Chūō station in Keyakidai.
- Kippy Mall: across from Sanda station.
- Daiei Mall: across from Flowertown station.
Industries
Mitsubishi Electric (Melco) has a large R&D and production campus in Sanda. Many large industries in Sanda city are concentrated in the Hokusetsu Sanda Technopark. The industries represented primarily include pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and distribution. Some specific companies based in the Technopark are:
- Iris Ohyama (Plastics/chemicals)
- Morita (fire engine manufacturing)
- Asahi Foods (food)
- Soft99 Corporation (car wax/chemicals)
- Nippon Polyester (polyester/chemicals)
- Hayashi (tower/chemicals)
- Kishida Chemical (chemicals)
- Tamapori (polystyrene/chemicals)
- Kiribai Kobayashi (drug-manufacturing, disposable heating pad/chemicals)
- Hokuseisha (printing)
- Sastech (stainless steel)
- Ueno Drug (drug/chemicals)
Recreation
Sanda has many parks and recreation facilities available for public use.
- Hanayamano-yu
An outdoor bath which features hinoki and an arrangement of garden rocks. There are separate baths for men and women.
- Kumanonosato
Features both Bali-style and Japanese-style outdoor baths.
- Arima Fuji Park
Located in Fukushima, Sanda and opened in 2001. The park is named for Mt. Arima Fuji, which is located within the park. There are three parks within the park: a waterfront park, a forest park, and a grassland park. [4]
- Shiroyama
A multi-use sports facility featuring a tennis court, ball park, athletic field, and gym.
Events
- Sanda Matsuri
Sanda Matsuri is the largest annual event in Sanda. There is a large firework display with over 2,500 fireworks. It takes place on August 4 near the Muko River.
- Hyakkoku Odori
Hyakkoku Odori takes place in late November near the Komausahachiman Shrine.
- Sanda Akindo Matsuri
Sanda Akindo Matsuri takes place in early December in the shopping district in front of Sanda station.
- Sanda Nōgyō Matsuri
Sanda Nōgyō Matsuri takes place on November 3 and 4.
- Tenjinsai
Tenjinsai takes place in late July in Sanda Tenman Shrine. In the morning, there is a festival, followed by a special lion dance in the afternoon.
Special products
- Sanda beef
Sanda beef (三田牛, Sanda-gyū) has historically been produced in Hyōgo at the rate of about 1,000 heads of cattle per year. It is regarded as being of higher quality than Kobe beef.
- Mōshi tea
Mōshi tea is produced in May and June and is shipped to points all over Japan. It is sold at local stores as well, such as Paskaru-Sanda, Itunoeki-Inagawa, Kumazeinosato and Kobe-sogou.
Famous people from Sanda
- Kawamoto Kōmin (Rangaku scholar)[5]
- Aida Shinnichi （singer-songwriter）
- Itokin ET-KING (musician)
- Konoda Reo（pro-baseball player・Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks）
- Tamaoka Kinnta（referee）
- Marumoto Taisei（pro-boxer）
- Hayashi Keisuke (Vissel Kobe)
- Nanjo Yuka（model）
Twin towns – sister cities
Blue Mountains, Australia
Jeju City, South Korea
Kittitas County, United States
References
- ^ a b 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
- ^ a b 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
- ^ a b Sanda population statistics
- ^ "Arima Fuji Park". Another Hyogo. Hyogo Tourism Bureau. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
- ^ 川本幸民 (in Japanese). kotobank. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
- ^ "姉妹都市パンフレットの紹介". city.sanda.lg.jp (in Japanese). Sanda. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
External links
- Sanda City official website (in Japanese)
- Sanda City official website
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