Wieden
Template:Infobox Vienna District
Wieden is the 4th municipal District of Vienna, Austria (German: 4. Bezirk). It is near the center of Vienna and was established as a district in 1850, but borders changed later.[1] Wieden is a small region near the city center.[1] After World War II, Wieden was part of the Soviet sector of Vienna for 10 years.
History
Wieden was first named in 1137, and is thus the oldest Vorstadt (former municipality within the Linienwall) of Vienna. The main street (Wiedner Hauptstraße) is certainly even older. Under Ferdinand II the royal Summer residence was completed, and was expanded many times until Maria Theresa decided not to use it anymore and sold it to the Jesuits.
In the beginning of 18th century, the development of Wieden as a suburb began. Many palaces and other buildings were built. Two small Vorstädte in the area of the present fourth district were Hungelbrunn and Schamburgergrund.
These three areas along with a number of others were incorporated into the city of Vienna as the fourth district on March 6, 1850. Because of social and economic differences, Margareten was separated from the fourth district to form the fifth district in 1861.
The so-called Freihaus, built in 1700 and the largest apartment building/tenement of the time, was located in this area, although by 1970 its state had deteriorated. During the occupation by the allies (1945–1955), Wieden was part of the Soviet sector of Vienna.
Famous residents
- Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), German composer, lived here
- Christoph Willibald Gluck (1714–1787), lived here
- Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer (1864–1945 ), sugar manufacturer and art lovre, lived here (de)
- Karl Kraus (1874–1936), an Austrian writer and journalist, one of the foremost German-language satirists of the 20th century, lived here
- Rosa Mayreder (1858–1938), an Austrian freethinker, author, painter, musician and feminist
- Emanuel Schikaneder (1751–1812), a German impresario
- Johann Strauß II. (1825 – 1899), composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas, lived here
- Cäcilia Cordula Weber, née Stamm (1727 – 1793), the mother of Constanze Weber, wife of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, died here
- Josephine Haas (later Haas von Längenfeld-Pfalzheim) (1783, Burglengenfeld - 1846), a female German-Austrian philanthropist, lived and died here (de)
- Joseph Ulrich Danhauser (1780 - 1829), Austrian furniture maker, father of Josef Danhauser (de)
- Josef Feid (1806–1870, Weidling), Austrian painter, born here (de)
- Adalbert Nikolaus Fuchs (1814, Wieden - 1886, Kritzendorf), Austrian agricultural scientist, born here (de)
- Karl Lueger (1844–1910), Viennese mayor, born here
- Johann Matthias Ranftl (1804–1854), Austrian artist, born here (de)
- Johann Heinrich Steudel (1825–1891, Weikersdorf), politician, born here (Schaumburgergrund, now Wieden) (de)
Sights
- Freihaus
- St. Charles's Church: (Karlskirche) famous, special baroque church
- Naschmarkt: the famous and the largest market of Vienna (fruits and vegetables)
- Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station: Art Nouveau building constructed by Otto Wagner
- Theresianum
- Vienna Museum: museum covering Vienna's history
- ORF building
Notes
References
- "Wien - 5. Bezirk/Wieden", Wien.gv.at, 2008, webpage (15 subpages): Wien.gv.at-wieden (in German).
External links
48°11′22″N 16°21′42″E / 48.18944°N 16.36167°E
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