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World Hard Court Championships

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World Hard Court Championships
Defunct tennis tournament
Founded1912
Abolished1923
Editions7
LocationParis, France (1912–1921)
Brussels, Belgium (1922)
Paris, France (1923)
SurfaceClay / Outdoor

World Hard Court Championships (WHCC) was an annual major tennis tournament held from 1912 to 1923, principally in Paris, France. The venue was the clay courts of the Stade Français in Saint-Cloud, Paris, with one exception, when they were held at the Royal Leopold Club in Brussels, Belgium, in 1922.

It was open to all international amateur players from all nationalities, unlike the French Championships, which were open only to tennis players who were members of clubs in France through 1924; because of this the WHCC is sometimes considered as the proper precursor to the French Open.[1] The French Championships were also held at a different venue at the time, the Racing Club de France, Paris.

WHCC was part of a series of world championships advanced by the International Lawn Tennis Federation as Majors, the others being the World Grass Court Championships (Wimbledon) and the World Covered Court Championships (held in a variety of countries). The US Championships was not part of this series, even though it was regarded as a significant event.

The WHCC was not played in 1924, when Paris hosted the Olympic Games and its tennis tournament, also held on clay courts, took the place of the championship. In 1925 the tournament was disbanded when French Championships opened to international competitors, with the event held alternately between the Stade Français (1925, 1927), which was the site of the WHCC, and the Racing Club de France (1926), which was the site of the previous French Championship.[2] From 1928, the French Championships moved to Stade Roland Garros.

Anthony Wilding was the only male multiple champion in the singles event, winning the title in 1913 and 1914, while Suzanne Lenglen won the women's singles title four times (1914, 1921–23).[3]

Champions

1913 World Hard Court Championships men's final between Anthony Wilding and André Gobert (15 June 1913)
1913 World Hard Court Championships ladies' final between Mieken Rieck and Marguerite Brocquedis (15 June 1913)

Men's Singles

Year Champion Runner-up Score Venue
1912 German Empire Otto Froitzheim German Empire Oskar Kreuzer 6–2, 7–5, 4–6, 7–5 Stade Français, Paris
1913 New Zealand Anthony Wilding France André Gobert 6–3, 6–3, 1–6, 6–4 Stade Français
1914 New Zealand Anthony Wilding Austria-Hungary Ludwig von Salm-Hoogstraeten 6–0, 6–2, 6–4 Stade Français
1915–19 not held – World War I
1920 France William Laurentz France André Gobert 9–7, 6–2, 3–6, 6–2 Stade Français
1921 United States Bill Tilden Belgium Jean Washer 6–3, 6–3, 6–3 Stade Français
1922 France Henri Cochet Spain Count de Gomar 6–0, 2–6, 4–6, 6–1, 6–2 Royal Leopold Club, Brussels
1923 United States Bill Johnston Belgium Jean Washer 4–6, 6–2, 6–2, 4–6, 6–3 Stade Français
1924 not held – Paris Olympics tennis regarded as the world championship

[4]

Women's Singles

Year Champion Runner-up Score Venue
1912 France Marguerite Brocquedis German Empire Mieken Rieck 6–3, 0–6, 6–4 Stade Français, Paris
1913 German Empire Mieken Rieck France Marguerite Brocquedis 6–4, 3–6, 6–4 Stade Français
1914 France Suzanne Lenglen France Germaine Golding 6–2, 6–1 Stade Français
1915–19 not held – World War I
1920 United Kingdom Edith Dorothy Holman Spain Francisca Subirana 6–0, 7–5 Stade Français
1921 France Suzanne Lenglen United States Molla Mallory 6–2, 6–3 Stade Français
1922 France Suzanne Lenglen United States Elizabeth Ryan 6–3, 6–2 Royal Leopold Club, Brussels
1923 France Suzanne Lenglen United Kingdom Kathleen McKane 6–3, 6–3 Stade Français
1924 not held – Paris Olympics tennis regarded as the world championship

[4]

Men's Doubles

Year Champion Runner-up Score Venue
1912 German Empire Otto Froitzheim
German Empire Oskar Kreuzer
South Africa Charles Winslow
South Africa Harold Kitson
4–6, 6–2, 6–1, 6–3 Stade Français, Paris
1913 German Empire Heinrich Kleinschroth
German Empire Moritz von Bissing
German Empire Otto Froitzheim
New Zealand Anthony Wilding
7–5, 0–6, 6–3, 8–6 Stade Français
1914 France Max Decugis
France Maurice Germot
United Kingdom Arthur Gore
United Kingdom Algernon Kingscote
6–1, 11–9, 6–8, 6–2 Stade Français
1915–19 not held – World War I
1920 France André Gobert
France William Laurentz
Romania Nicolae Mişu
South Africa Cecil Blackbeard
6–4, 6–2, 6–1 Stade Français
1921 France André Gobert
France William Laurentz
France Alain Gerbault
France Pierre Albaran
6–4, 6–2, 6–8, 6–2 Stade Français
1922 France Jean Borotra
France Henri Cochet
Romania Nicolae Mişu
France Marcel Dupont
6–8, 6–1, 6–2, 6–3 Royal Leopold Club, Brussels
1923 France Jacques Brugnon
France Marcel Dupont
Italy Umberto de Morpurgo
Armenia Leonce Aslangul
10–12, 3–6, 6–2, 6–3, 6–4 Stade Français
1924 not held – Paris Olympics tennis regarded as the world championship

[4]

Women's Doubles

Year Champion Runner-up Score Venue
1912–13 no women's doubles held
1914 France Suzanne Lenglen
United States Elizabeth Ryan
France Blanche Amblard
France Suzanne Amblard
6–1, 6–1 Stade Français, Paris
1915–19 not held – World War I
1920 United Kingdom Dorothy Holman
United Kingdom Phyllis Satterthwaite
France Germaine Golding
France Jeanne Vaussard
6–3, 6–1 Stade Français
1921 France Germaine Golding
France Suzanne Lenglen
United Kingdom Dorothy Holman
South Africa Irene Bowder Peacock
6–2, 6–2 Stade Français
1922 France Suzanne Lenglen
United States Elizabeth Ryan
United Kingdom Geraldine Beamish
United Kingdom Kathleen McKane
6–0, 6–4 Royal Leopold Club, Brussels
1923 United Kingdom Geraldine Beamish
United Kingdom Kathleen McKane
France Germaine Golding
France Suzanne Lenglen
6–2, 6–3 Stade Français
1924 not held – Paris Olympics tennis regarded as the world championship

[4]

Mixed Doubles

Year Champion Runner-up Score Venue
1912 Belgium Anne de Borman
France Max Decugis
German Empire Mieken Rieck
German Empire Heinrich Kleinschroth
6–4, 7–5 Stade Français, Paris
1913 United States Elizabeth Ryan
France Max Decugis
France Germaine Golding
New Zealand Anthony Wilding
walkover Stade Français
1914 United States Elizabeth Ryan
France Max Decugis
France Suzanne Lenglen
Austria-Hungary Ludwig von Salm-Hoogstraeten
6–3, 6–1 Stade Français
1915–19 not held – World War I
1920 France Germaine Golding
France William Laurentz
France Suzanne Amblard
France Max Decugis
walkover Stade Français
1921 France Suzanne Lenglen
France Max Decugis
France Germaine Golding
France William Laurentz
6–3, 6–2 Stade Français
1922 France Suzanne Lenglen
France Henri Cochet
United Kingdom Geraldine Beamish
United Kingdom John Gilbert
6–4, 4–6, 6–0 Royal Leopold Club, Brussels
1923 France Suzanne Lenglen
France Henri Cochet
United Kingdom Kitty McKane Godfree
United Kingdom John Gilbert
6–2, 10–8 Stade Français
1924 not held – Paris Olympics tennis regarded as the world championship

See also

References

  1. ^ "French Open history". Retrieved 3 August 2015.
  2. ^ "Roland Garros: a venue open all year long. Past Winners and Draws". ftt.fr. Retrieved 2007-08-07.
  3. ^ "Tennis". Star. No. 11134. Papers Past. 20 July 1914. p. 4.
  4. ^ a b c d Tingay, Lance (1983). The Guinness Book of Tennis Facts and Feats. Guinness Superlatives Limited. p. 231. ISBN 0-85112-289-2.