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Esperanza de Sarachaga

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Princess Doña Esperanza Felicitas Alexandra de Saráchaga Lobanova Rostovskaya, Marquess and Countess de Sarachaga-Lobanova-Rostovskaya, Baroness Truchseß von Wetzhausen, Baroness de Saráchaga, Baroness de Uría, Baroness de Echevarría, Baroness de Azpíroz, Baroness de Urrutia, Baroness de Mendíbil, Baroness de Torre de Arbieto, Baroness de Torre de Zubialdea. Also known as La Madame Baroness Truschess von Wetzhausen and Doña Esperanza de Saráchaga y Lobanov de Rostov.

Background

Doña Esperanza was born July 7, 1839 in St. Petersburg, Russia. Known in Russian as “Spera”, she was the eldest daughter of nobleman and diplomat Don Jorge de Saráchaga y Uría-Nafarrondo,[1] and his Russian wife Princess Ekaterina Lobanov-Rostovskaya.

Don Jorge was Prince Marquis and Comte de Saráchaga, XVII Lord of Saráchaga, and head of the ancient dynastic Noble and Illustrious House de Saráchaga de Bilbao, while Ekaterina was daughter of the Russian statesman of the Russian Imperial House of Lobanov-Rostov, Prince Alexei Lobanov Rostov, and his wife Countess Rucheleff.

Esperanza's maternal grandparents, Prince Alexei Lobanov-Rostov and his wife Countess Rucheleff.

House de Saráchaga (Saratxaga)

Paternally, Dona Esperanza was the co-heir and the Head of the House of the ancient dynastic Noble and Illustrious House de Saráchaga of the Basque region of northern Spain. The head of the house was split with her brother Don Alexis until reverting solely to Esperanza upon the very public morganatic marriage of Alexis to a member of his household staff, Mademoiselle Eugenie Marie Champion in 1903.,[2][3] The Cadet branch and second in line to succeed to the senior line was the Sarachaga MacMahon line which united with the de Sarachaga-Lobanov Rostovsky in the 1800s and the current Head of the House de Sarachaga is from this unification.

Origins

The de Saráchagas succeeded the Sovereign and Semi Sovereign Counts of the Visigothic Kingdom and its successor states of Navarre, Biscay, Aragon, Castile and Catalan.[4] The family descends from the Counts of Biscay, the Jiménez dynasty , House of Trastámara, and the The House of Haro.[4][5] The current pariente mayor descends from this line. During the many civil wars of Spain and various monarchies Los Sarachaga allied with whomever backed their independent rule.[5]

Los Sarachaga ruled their lands even after the unification of Spain and collateral lines were awarded numerous Grandeeships.[6] They were intimately involved in the swearing and coronation of numerous monarchs. Including Don Íñigo Ortiz de Saráchaga, present in the Assembly at 1476 at the oath of King Ferdinand.[7] In 1527, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, who was also Charles I of Spain, recognized the family's noble status but their nobility dates back to at the earliest 890’s A.D. in the Basque region of northern Spain proceeding from [Guenes] and [Bilbao] They are descendants of the Ancient noble House de Ortiz de Saracho, of Burgos as seen in their arms. Others, have theorized that they may have originated even earlier.[8]

Doña Esperanza's grandfather lost his life in the guerrilla struggle of the Peninsular War during the Napoleonic Wars. Her grandmother then took shelter with a French general who was originally from Baden and sent the children out of Spain to Karlsruhe to better ensure their safety. After the war, the general married the widow and the children received their education in Baden.[9]

Don Jorge entered military service and was as elegant and handsome officer a well-known personality in Karlsruhe.[9]

The family's noble status was recognized in Spain, France, Bulgaria, Italy, Poland, Russia, Mexico, England, Belgium, and Germany, which allowed the family to marry into many ruling and former ruling European families as equals.[10][11][12][13]

House of Lobanov-Rostovsky

Esperanza’s mother was Princess Ekaterina Lobanov-Rostovskaya (b. 1847?), a maid in honor in 1833 to the Empress of Russia (Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia)) and the eldest daughter of Russian statesman and Prince Aleksey Alexandrovich Lobanov-Rostovsky and his wife Countess Rucheleff/Countess Kusheleva, Alexandra Grigorievna. Ekatarina was granddaughter of Princess Ekaterina Alexandrovna Lobanova-Rostovskaya, born Princess Kurakina (1735–1802), wife of Prince Ivan Ivanovich Lobanov-Rostovsky.[14]

Childhood

Doña Esperanza’s father and mother met in St. Petersburg while Don Jorge was posted there as a diplomat because of his family connections to the Tsar. Their potential union was deemed as dynastically permitted by the de Sarachaga house laws eventhough the Lobanov Rostovsky were only semi sovereign at the time. As demonstrated when Jorge requested permission to marry dynastically to the Lobanov Rostovsky family and the same day the Emperor of Russia, Nicholas I, personally wrote "agree" in pencil dated June 5, 1837.[15]

Esperanza would later write that her childhood was good because she had so many people around her who loved her, but that it was also very sad because by the time she was almost ten years old she had lost both her parents and her grandfather. When Esperanza was six years old, she and her brother succeeded[16] to her father’s massive fortune and titles upon his untimely death in a duel in 1845, just as his father before him, Don Florencio de Saráchaga e Izarduy,[1] had also died prematurely in a duel. The duel surrounded tensions regarding Jewish banker Louis Haber and Napoleon's adopted daughter, Grand Duchess Stéphanie of Baden (born Beauharnais-Leuchtenberg).[9]

After his death, their bereaved mother, Ekatarina Dowager Princess de Sarachaga, Dowager Princess de Sarachaga-Lobanov Rostovsky was unable to care for them and went to stay with her dearest friend Marie Thérèse of France, Dowager Empress of France. Soon after, she died in MacDonald Palace.[17] Upon their mother's departure, Doña Esperanza and her brother were adopted by their maternal grandparents, Prince Alexei Alexandrovich Lobanov-Rostovsky and his wife Countess Kusheleva, Alexandra Grigorievna. Upon their adoption they were awarded all privileges belonging to them as well as honors of now being the adopted children of their grandfather, Prince Alexei Lobanov-Rostov. Doña Eperanza’s grandmother, Princess Lobanov-Rostov, died in Paris during the French Revolution of 1848, and Esperanza was sent to be brought up as a Russian Princess in St. Petersburg away from her brother Alexis. She was summoned to and joined the Russian imperial court at sixteen, presented by her aunt, the Countess Kucheleff.[18] Dona Esperanza entered the court as a Lady in waiting to the Empress. She and her brother spent their childhood apart between Russia, France, Norway, and Spain.[19]

Marriage

Doña Esperanza married to diplomat and statesman Imperial Baron Friedrich Truchseß von Wetzhausen, First Minister of King Ludwig II of Bavaria. They were wed on 15 July 1862. Baron Friedrich was primogeniture and semi sovereign of Truchseß von Wetzhausen.[20]

Esperanza first met Friedrich when he was working as a diplomat in the Prussian and Russian court. It was love at first sight, and they were married soon after. During their marriage she often took him back to Bilbao, Spain to visit her family and as Senores oversee their administration of the Basque Country. Her sense of humor often manifested itself in harmless games of trickery. Once, when they were newly-wed, she took her new husband on a long hiking trip in Spain where they came upon a beautiful country palace. Her husband loved it and said that he wanted to know more about the owners because he was going to buy it for her. The gardener was the one to reveal to him that Esperanza was the owner all along.[9]

Prince Philipp zu Eulenburg-Hertefeld commented that Esperanza was considered by her peers at age 44 to have beauty, be generous and a strong intelligence, and a generous nature,[9]

The couple longed to have children but were unable to. In 1885 Doña Esperanza and her brother Don Alexis (Baron of Sarachagoff in Russian Empire since 1862) became guardians of their recently orphaned nephew and niece, Don Ricardo de Saráchaga y Arribalzaga, Count de Sarachaga and Doña Gloria de Saráchaga y Arribalzaga, Countess de Sarachaga.

Dona Esperanza’s nephew and adopted son, Don Ricardo Alfonso Mateo de Saráchaga y Arribálzaga, Count de Sarachaga succeeded as Prince de Sarachaga, Prince de Sarachaga-Lobanov Rostovsky and was named heir to the family titles and estates upon the deaths of Esperanza and her brother. Don Ricardo’s descendants hold them to this day. Esperanza died in Cannes, France on January 28, 1914.

Charitable work

Esperanza was described as very generous to those around her. She founded many institutions and foundations including a Bavarian Kindergarten[9] and "Friedrich's Home", a Bavarian elder care home named after her husband. in addition she was a benefactress of her brother's legacy the Musée du Hiéron

Diplomacy and politics

Doña Esperanza was one of the wealthiest women in Europe during a time of great upheaval, especially in both Prussia and Spain. She was confidante to King Ludwig II of Bavaria, Empress Victoria of Prussia, Queen Isabella II of Spain, Empress of Russia Maria Alexandrovna, and the Empress Eugenia of France. This was sometimes an awkward position to be in when many of her close friends led governments at war with each other. Esperanza skilfully moved through their circles always trying to maintain balance. Her rank allowed her to introduce people into those courts such as at the Imperial Russian Court in the Winter Palace.[21] She was also very loyal to friends. Philipp zu Eulenburg-Hertefeld relays that Esperanza found out the plot to depose King Ludwig II of Bavaria and confronted the conspirators with an umbrella at the entrance to Schloss Hohenschuangau, giving her enough time to alert the King and military.[9][22]

Children

Friedrich and Esperanza's adopted children were her niece and nephew, Doña Gloria and Don Ricardo.

Date Name Details
*Born in 1871 in Bilbao Prince Don Ricardo de Saráchaga Lobanov-Rostovsky Prince Don Ricardo Alfonso Mateo de Saráchaga y Arribálzaga Lobanov-Rostov, Marquis and Count de Sarachaga-Lobanov Rostovsky, Marquis de Planquet, Baron de Saráchaga, Baron de Arribálzaga, Baron de Urrutia, Senor de MacMahon and possessor of all other honors and dignities of the family, was born on the 23rd of September, 1871 in Bilbao, Spain and died 1919 in exile from The Dictatorship of Spain, in Mexico in 1919 assassinated by poison.

He married in Bilbao to Vizcayan Senora Doña Maria Luisa de Carrouche, His children were Princess Doña Elvira de Saráchaga, Prince Don Enrique de Saráchaga, who drowned in a canal in Mexico City without descendants, and Prince Don Alfredo Alejo de Saráchaga-Lobanov Rostovsky, Marquis and Count de Sarachaga-Lobanov Rostovsky, Marquis de Planquette, Baron de Saráchaga, Baron de Arribálzaga, Baron de Urrutia, Chief of MacMahon de Espana y MacMahon de Sarachaga. Lord de Mac-Mahon, who was also known as D. Alfredo de Saráchaga.

Born in 1914 in Mexico City Prince Don Alfredo Alejo de Saráchaga-Lobanov Rostovsky Don Alfredo succeeded his father and brother to all other honors and dignities of the family and married dynastically to heiress and

Mexican noblewoman Vizcondessa Doña Lidia de Garcia de Leon y Avellaneda,[23]Senora de Solar de Tejada, Senora de la Vasca Casa de Avellaneda de Urrutia a descendant of the Houses of Bourbon and Hurtado de Mendoza and House of Cortes. Alfredo was a diplomat and worked as CEO of Mexican oil company Pemex. Don Alfredo took up the important work of the de Sarachaga family and supported the Basque National Government in exile in Mexico with Santiago Aznar Sarachaga.

Don Alfredo's daughter was Princess Doña Ekatarina (Katia) García de León de Saráchaga, Marquess and Countess de Sarachaga.-Lobanov Rostovsky, Baroness de Saráchaga, Baroness de Arribálzaga, Baroness de Urrutia, Lady de Mac-Mahon, Senora de Tejada, and other honors and dignities of the family. She was born on the 14th of February, 1946 and married to Don Seraphino di Ferrari of the noble Ferraris of Korzula, Venice and Parma. She died young at 46 yrs. old.

Princess Doña Stephanie Zobel de Saráchaga-Lobanov Rostovsky Don Alfredo and his wife were then to leave the bulk of their fortune and Head of the House of the ancient dynastic Noble and Illustrious House de Saráchaga and family titles to their granddaughter, Princess Doña Stephanie Zobel de Saráchaga, Marquess and Countess de Sarachaga-Lobanov Rostovsky, Vizcondessa de Avellaneda, Baroness de Saráchaga, Baroness de Arribalzaga, Baroness de Urrutia, Lady de Mac-Mahon, Senora de Tejada,. She married dynastically in 2010 to Baron Yacov Crawford Zobel heir to the Counts of Bykovskŷ and Zeballos, and descendant of the Earls of Crawford of Scotland and England. Upon her marriage, her grandfather Prince Alfredo Alejo de Saráchaga Lobanov-Rostovsky, stipulated in accordance to House law that all titles not able to be inherited by a woman to go to her spouse.

Through their joint foundation Zobel de Sarachaga Family Trust, Dona Stephanie and Don Yacov currently run the de Sarachaga-Lobanov Rostovsky foundation who is actively involved with preserving Esperanza's and her brother, Alexis's legacy and the charitable institutions they were a part of.[24]

* Born in 1878 Bilbao Doña Ciriaca María de la Gloria Josefa de Saráchaga y Arribálzaga Countess de Sarachaga, born on the 8th of August 1878, married in Brussels on the 21st of January 1902 to Baron Maurice Greindl raised to Count Greindl. The marriage was considered Morganatic by the de Sarachaga family and Gloria was stripped of all family titles and inheritance for her and her descendants.[25]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Euskalnet
  2. ^ Charbonnier, Alexandra. O.V. Milosz: le poète, le métaphysicien, le Lituanien.
  3. ^ Les contrées secrètes By Politica Hermetica 12.
  4. ^ a b Nobilario Espanol, Madrid 1959 Julio de Atienza
  5. ^ a b Torre de Vizcaya, 1946, Ibarra
  6. ^ Torre de Vizcaya-Javier de Ybarra y Bergé, Pedro de Garmendia
  7. ^ Fueros, privilegios, franquezas y libertades del M. N. y M. L. Señorío de Vizcaya. Escudo de la más constante fee y lealtad.- Bilbao : Juan de E. Delmas, 1865.
  8. ^ http://percevales.blogspot.co.il/2008/06/ortiz-de-saracho.html.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Prince Philipp zu Eulenburg-Hertefeld (1934), Princess Augusta of Eulenburg-Hertefeld (ed.), The end of King Ludwig II and other experiences, Fri Wilh. Grunow publisher, retrieved 2012-04-08 Cite error: The named reference "eulenburg-hertefeld" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  10. ^ Gomez, Luis (2011-05-11), Cita noble en Las Encartaciones, retrieved 2012-04-08
  11. ^ Teófilo Guiard Larrauri; Angel Rodríguez Herrero (1912), Historia de la noble villa de Bilbao: 1800-1836, retrieved 2012-04-08
  12. ^ Ana M. Gutiérrez Ibarrechebea; Juan José Muñoz Lobo; Salbador Ariztondo Akarregi (1984), La industria molinera en Vizcaya en el siglo XVIII, retrieved 2012-04-08
  13. ^ Maximiliano Barrio Gozalo (1999), Accumulation and Dissolution of Large Estates of the Regular Clergy in Early Modern Europe: Proceedings of the Twelfth International Economic History Congress, retrieved 2012-04-08
  14. ^ George Mitrevski, Argunov, I. P. Portrait of Princess Ekaterina Alexandrovna Lobanova-Rostovskaya. 1754, retrieved 2012-04-08
  15. ^ "BLITZ Information Center". Feefhs.org. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
  16. ^ España. Consejo de Estado (1868), Sentencias del Consejo de Estado, retrieved 2012-04-08
  17. ^ Some sources say that the palace was in Florence and some say it was in Austria, perhaps Schloss Frohsdorf.
  18. ^ La Gaulois newspaper , Paris 1914
  19. ^ Politica Hermetica (1999), Politica Hermetica 12: Les ContrÉes SecrÈtes, retrieved 2012-04-08
  20. ^ Gothaisches genealogisches taschenbuch der freiherrlichen Häuser, Volume 30.
  21. ^ http://archivesjournaux.ville-cannes.fr/dossiers/littoral/1914/Jx5_Littoral_1914_01_30_Page_01.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ^ Werner Bertram, King Ludwig II of Bavaria: A royal recluse; memories of Ludwig II of Bavaria (PDF), retrieved 2012-04-08
  23. ^ La casa Urrutia de Avellaneda y familias enlazadas españolas y americanas [estudios sobre varios linajes de las Encartaciones del Señorío de Vizcaya
  24. ^ Le Gaulois Newspaper
  25. ^ Le Greindl Famille Fondacion
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