High-functioning autism: Difference between revisions

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High-functioning autism (HFA) is an informal term applied to autistic people who are deemed to be "higher functioning" than other autistic people, by one or more metrics.^[1] There is no consensus as to the definition.^[1] HFA is not yet a recognised diagnosis in the DSM-IV-TR or the ICD-10.

The amount of overlap between HFA and Asperger syndrome is disputed.^[1] Some researchers argue that the two are distinct diagnostic entities, others argue that they are indistinguishable.^[1] Though High functioning autism is not an official diagnostic term, it may be used as such. It tends to describe people who have many or all of the symptoms of autism but did not develop language typically. Children with classic autism are usually non-verbal, unengaged, and unable to perform well on standard diagnostic tests; however people with high functioning still also demonstrate clearly autistic behaviors. Examples can include, depending upon their age: use of meaningful language, reading, writing, doing math, showing affection, completing daily tasks; but can't hold eye contact, maintain a conversation, engage in play, pick up on social cues, etc.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 16791390, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=16791390 instead.

Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 16519981, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=16519981 instead.^{[clarification needed]}
Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 15056300, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=15056300 instead.^{[clarification needed]}

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[klin-1] Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 16791390, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=16791390 instead.

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 '''High-functioning autism''' ('''HFA''') is an informal term applied to [[autistic]] people who are deemed to be "higher functioning" than other [[autistic]] people, by one or more metrics.<ref name="klin">{{cite pmid|16791390}}</ref>  There is no consensus as to the definition.<ref name="klin" /> HFA is not yet a recognised diagnosis in the [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|DSM-IV-TR]] or the [[ICD|ICD-10]].
-The amount of overlap between HFA and [[Asperger syndrome]] is disputed.<ref name="klin" /> Some researchers argue that the two are distinct diagnostic entities, others argue that they are indistinguishable.<ref name="klin" /> Though High functioning autism is not an official diagnostic term, it may be used as such. It tends to describe people who have many or all of the symptoms of autism but did not develop language typically.  Children with classic [[autism]] are usually non-verbal, unengaged, and unable to perform well on standard [[diagnostic test]]s; however people with high functioning still also demonstrate clearly autistic behaviors. Examples can include, depending upon their age: use of meaningful [[language]], [[Reading (process)|reading]], [[writing]], doing [[math]]s, showing [[affection]], completing daily tasks; but can't hold [[eye contact]], maintain a conversation, engage in [[Play (activity)|play]], pick up on social cues, etc.
+The amount of overlap between HFA and [[Asperger syndrome]] is disputed.<ref name="klin" /> Some researchers argue that the two are distinct diagnostic entities, others argue that they are indistinguishable.<ref name="klin" /> Though High functioning autism is not an official diagnostic term, it may be used as such. It tends to describe people who have many or all of the symptoms of autism but did not develop language typically.  Children with classic [[autism]] are usually non-verbal, unengaged, and unable to perform well on standard [[diagnostic test]]s; however people with high functioning still also demonstrate clearly autistic behaviors. Examples can include, depending upon their age: use of meaningful [[language]], [[Reading (process)|reading]], [[writing]], doing [[math]], showing [[affection]], completing daily tasks; but can't hold [[eye contact]], maintain a conversation, engage in [[Play (activity)|play]], pick up on social cues, etc.
 ==See also==

v t e Autism
Main	Causes Diagnosis Epidemiology Epigenetics Heritability History Memory Pathophysiology Sex and gender Societal and cultural aspects Therapies
Diagnoses	Pervasive developmental disorder Classic autism Asperger syndrome Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified Childhood disintegrative disorder High-functioning autism
Associated conditions and phenomena	Alexithymia Autism and LGBT identities Autistic burnout Autistic catatonia Autistic masking Autistic meltdown Hyperlexia Late talker Monotropism Nonverbal autism Pathological demand avoidance Savant syndrome Special interests Infodumping Stimming
Comorbid conditions	Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Anxiety disorder obsessive–compulsive disorder Developmental coordination disorder Epilepsy Intellectual disability Sensory processing disorder Global developmental delay Verbal Dyspraxia
Associated syndromes	22q11.2 deletion syndrome 22q13 deletion syndrome Angelman syndrome CHARGE syndrome Cohen syndrome Cornelia de Lange syndrome Down syndrome Fetal valproate spectrum disorder Fragile X syndrome MECP2 duplication syndrome Neurofibromatosis type I Noonan syndrome PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome Rett syndrome Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome Timothy syndrome Tuberous sclerosis complex Williams syndrome
Related issues	Autism rights movement Critical autism studies Double empathy problem Multiple complex developmental disorder Neurodiversity TEACCH program Violence and autism
Controversies	Facilitated communication Lancet MMR autism fraud MMR vaccine Rapid prompting method Thiomersal Chelation
Diagnostic scales	Autism Diagnostic Interview Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Childhood Autism Rating Scale Gilliam Asperger's disorder scale
Screening scales	Autism-spectrum quotient Childhood Autism Spectrum Test Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale
Lists	Autism-related topics Fictional characters Schools
Accommodations	Autism-friendly Sensory friendly