List of North American animals extinct in the Holocene

This is an incomplete list of extinct animals of the United States. This list covers only extinctions from the Holocene epoch, a geological period that extends from the present day back to about 10,000 radiocarbon years, approximately 11,430 ± 130 calendar years BP (between 9560 and 9300 BC).

Mammals

Prehistoric extinctions (begin Holocene to 1500 AD)

• American Lion, Panthera leo atrox, Western USA, 8000BC.
• Ancient Bison, Bison antiquus, USA, 8000BC.
• Beringian cave lion, Panthera leo vereshchagini, Alaska.
• Cuvieronius, Florida and Arizona, 400 AD
• Dire Wolf, Canis dirus, USA, 8000 BC.
• Giant Beaver, Castoroides ohioensis, Great Lakes region, 8000 BC.
• Giant hutia, Elasmodontomys obliquus, Puerto Rico, 1000BC.
• Giant Short-Faced Bear, Arctodus simus, USA, 10500 BC.
• Glyptodon, USA, 8000BC.
• Keallgh Cassidy, Arctodus simus, USA, 10500 BC.
• Flat-Belly Wolverine, Canis spartinis, Great Lakes region, 11000 BC.
• Helmeted Musk Ox, Alaska, 9000 BC
• Pygmy Mammoth, Mammuthus exilis, Channel Islands.
• Smilodon fatalis, USA, 8000BC.
• Woolly Mammoth, Mammuthus primigenius, Northern USA, 2000 BC.
• Western Camel, USA, 8000 BC.
• Yukon Wild Ass, Equus asinus lambei, Alaska, 11000 BC.
• Antillean Cave Rat
• Insular Cave Rat
• Corozal Rat
• Columbian Mammoth,"Mammuthus columbi", USA,5800 BC.
• American cheetah, USA

Recent extinctions (1500 AD to present)

• Puerto Rican Shrew, Nesophontes edithae
• Puerto Rican Long-nosed Bat,
• Puerto Rican Long-tongued Bat,
• Guam Flying Fox, Pteropus tokudae
• Lesser Puerto Rican Ground Sloth,
• Penasco Chipmunk,
• Sherman's Pocket Gopher,
• Goff's Pocket Gopher, Geomys pinetis goffi
• Tacoma Pocket Gopher, Thomomys mazama tacomensis
• Chadwick Beach Cottonmouth Mouse,
• Giant Deer Mouse,
• Pallid Beach Mouse, Peromyscus polionotus decoloratus
• Gull Island Vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus nesophilus
• Louisiana Vole,
• Puerto Rican Hutia,
• Puerto Rican Paca,
• Lesser Puerto Rican Agouti,
• Greater Puerto Rican Agouti,
• Southern California Kit Fox,Vulpes macrotis macrotis
• Kenai Peninsula Wolf,
• Newfoundland Wolf,
• Banks Island Wolf,
• Cascade Mountains Wolf,
• Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf,
• Mogollon Mountain Wolf,
• Texas Gray Wolf,
• Southern Rocky Mountain Wolf,
• Florida Red Wolf,
• Texas Red Wolf,
• Sea Mink, Mustela macrodon
• Caribbean Monk Seal,
• Steller's Sea Cow,
• Badlands Bighorn Sheep,
• Columbia Basin Pygmy Rabbit
• Arizona Wapiti
• Oregon Bison
• Eastern Woodland Bison
• Colorado Hog-nosed Skunk
• Big Thicket Hog-nosed Skunk
• Glacier Bay Water Shrew
• Smith Island Cottontail
• White-eared Pocket Mouse
• Allen's Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel
• Hidden Forest Chipmunk

Birds

Prehistoric extinctions (begin Holocene to 1500 AD)

• Law's Diving-goose, California, 1800BC.
• Eastern Lovebird, Great Lakes region, 6500 BC.
• Merriam's Teratorn, Southern USA, 8000 BC.
• Moa-nalo, Hawaii.
• Nēnē-nui, Hawaii.
• Saint Croix Macaw, St. Croix, Virgin Islands.

Recent extinctions (1500 AD to present)

• Bering Canada Goose,
• Labrador Duck,
• Heath Hen,
• Spectacled Cormorant,
• Laysan Crake,
• Hawaiian Crake,
• Wake Island Rail,
• Eskimo Curlew,
• Virgin Islands Screech-Owl,
• Mauge's Parakeet,
• Carolina Parakeet,
• Louisiana Parakeet,
• Passenger Pigeon,
• Laysan Millerbird,
• Great Auk,
• Guam Flycatcher,
• Lanai Thrush,
• Hawaiian Thrush,
• Oahu Thrush,
• Molokai Thrush,
• Bachman's Warbler,
• Dusky Seaside Sparrow,
• Kona Grosbeak,
• Greater Koa-Finch,
• Lesser Koa-Finch,
• Oahu 'Akialoa,
• Maui Nui 'Akialoa,
• Kauai 'Akialoa,
• Kioea,
• Ula-'ai-hawane,
• Black Mamo,
• Hawai'i Mamo,
• Lana'i Hookbill,
• Oahu Nukupu'u,
• Greater 'Amakihi,
• Laysan Honeycreeper,
• Oahu 'Akepa,
• Po'o-uli,
• Molokai Creeper,
• Lana'i Creeper,
• O‘ahu ‘Ō‘ō ,
• Moloka‘i ‘Ō‘ō,
• Kaua'i 'Ō'ō,
• Hawai'i 'Ō'ō,

Possibly Extinct

• Ivory-billed Woodpecker

Reptiles

Prehistoric extinctions (Holocene to 1500AD)

• Mona Tortoise,

Modern extintions (1500 AD to present)

• Navassa Curly-tailed Lizard,
• Navassa Iguana,
• Navassa Island Dwarf Boa,
• Sulcate Blind Snake,
• Saint Croix Racer,

Possibly Extinct

• Culebra Island Giant Anole,

Amphibians

• Vegas Valley Leopard Frog,
• Catahoula Salamander,

Possibly Extinct

• Golden Coqui,
• Eleutherodactylus eneidae
• Web-footed Coqui,

Fish

• Longjaw Cisco,
• Deepwater Cisco,
• Lake Ontario Kiyi,
• Blackfin Cisco,
• Yellowfin Cutthroat Trout,
• Alvord Cutthroat Trout,
• Silver Trout,
• Maravillas Red Shiner,
• Independence Valley Tui Chub,
• Thicktail Chub,
• Pahranagat Spinedace,
• Phantom Shiner,
• Bluntnose Shiner,
• Las Vegas Dace,
• Grass Valley Speckled Dace,
• Clear Lake Splittail,
• Snake River Sucker,
• Harelip Sucker,
• Tecopa Pupfish,
• Shoshone Pupfish,
• Raycraft Ranch Killifish,
• Pahrump Ranch Killifish,
• Ash Meadows Killifish,
• Amistad Gambusia,
• San Marcos Gambusia,
• Blue Walleye,
• Maryland darter,
• Utah Lake Sculpin

Crustaceans

• Illinois Cave Amphipod,
• Pasadena Freshwater Shrimp

Insects

• Pecatonica River Mayfly,
• Robert's Stonefly,
• Fort Ross Weevil,
• Mono Lake Diving Beetle,
• Xerces Blue,
• Palos Verdes Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverdesensis),
• Poko Noctuid Moth,
• Midway Noctuid Moth,
• Kerr's Noctuid Moth,
• Laysan Noctuid Moth,
• Noctuid Moth,
• Procellaris Noctuid Noth,
• Chestnut Ermine Moth,
• American Chestnut Moth,
• Phleophaga Chestnut Moth,
• Central Valley Grasshopper,
• Rocky Mountain Locust,
• Antioch Dunes Shieldback Katydid,
• Kona Giant Looper Moth,

Arachnids

• Caribbean Monk Seal Nasal Mite,
• Nevada Water Mite,
• Passenger Pigeon Mite,

Mollusks

• Coosa elktoe,
• Carolina elktoe,
• Ochlockonee arcmussel,
• Recovery pearly mussel,
• Arc-form pearly mussel,
• Acorn pearly mussel,
• Lewis pearly mussel,
• Nearby pearly mussel,
• Sampson's pearly mussel,
• Steward's pearly mussel,
• Turgid-blossom pearly mussel,
• Shoal sprite,
• Cahaba pebblesnail,
• Umbilicate pebblesnail,
• Mount Matafao different snail,
• Short-spired elimia,
• Closed elimia,
• Fusiform elimia,
• High-spired elimia,
• Constricted elimia,
• Hearty elimia,
• Ribbed elimia,
• Rough-lined elimia,
• Pupa elimia,
• Pygmy elimia,
• Cobble elimia,
• Puzzle elimia,
• Excised slitshell,
• Striate slitshell,
• Pagoda slitshell,
• Ribbed slitshell,
• Pyramid slitshell,
• Round slitshell,
• Lined pocketbook,
• Eelgrass limpet,

References

• IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 10 February 2007.

See also

• List of extinct animals
• List of extinct animals of Canada
• List of extinct animals of Asia
• List of extinct animals of Africa
• List of extinct animals of Europe
• List of extinct animals of South America
• Extinct birds
• Dwarf elephant

External links

• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
• The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species