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==External links==
==External links==
*[http://al-quran.info Online Quran Project] can be viewed with ''tajweed'' font for the [[Quran]] text.
*[http://www.equraninstitute.com Online Quran Project] can be viewed with ''tajweed'' font for the [[Quran]] text.
*[http://www.equraninstitute.com/ Learn Quran by online Quran Teachers]
*[http://www.equraninstitute.com/ Learn Quran by online Quran Teachers]
*[http://www.equraninstitute.com/index.html Learn Quran with Tajweed online]
*[http://www.equraninstitute.com/index.html Learn Quran with Tajweed online]

Revision as of 19:17, 22 February 2009

Template:QuranRelated Qur'an reading is the reading (tarteel, tajwid, or taghbir) aloud, reciting, or chanting of portions of the Qur'an. It is not considered music by Muslims and when recited the style is structurally dissimilar from music (even secular Arab music[citation needed]). The reciter is called a muqri' , tālī, murattil, mujawwid, or most commonly a qari. (Touma 1996, p.153-154)

Recitation should be done according to rules of pronunciation, intonation, and caesuras established by Muhammad, though first recorded in the eighth century CE. The most popular reading is that of Hafss on the authority of `asim. Qur'an reading may be based on one to three tones only. Similarly, each melodic passage centers on a single tone level, but the melodic contour and melodic passages are largely shaped by the reading rules, creating passages of different lengths whose temporal expansion is defined through caesuras. Skilled readers may read professionally for mosques in cities, although being paid for reciting the Qur'an is disapproved of in Islam[citation needed]. Recitation is obligatory to be done at dawn according to the Quran.

The Qur'an is marked with twenty-six symbols, circles, rectangles, dashes and letters, some in color. These are written above, below, or beside the letters of the alphabet . They indicate the pronunciation of consonants, whether the blending of neighboring or adjacent consonants is allowed, and where recitation pauses and caesuras are forbidden and possible (ibid, p.155). In this last respect their function is analogous to that of Biblical cantillation marks, but unlike these they do not constitute a word-for-word notation of musical motifs.

Reciting Ways

There are 7 Mutawatir (a transmission which has independent chains of authorities so wide as to rule out the possibility of any error and on which there is consensus) ways of reading (or Qira'at) and 3 Mashhur (these are slightly less wide in their transmission, but still so wide as to make error highly unlikely) as listed below:

Mutawalatir

  • Nafi' (d. 169/785)
  • Ibn Kathir (d. 120/737)
  • Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala' (d. 154/762)
  • Ibn 'Amir (d. 154/762)
  • 'Asim (d. 127/744)
  • Hamza (d. 156/772)
  • al-Kisa'i (d. 189/904)

Mashhur

  • Abu Ja'far (d. 130/747)
  • Ya'qub (d. 205/820)
  • Khalaf (d. 229/843)

However, the most common is Hifos on the outhority of 'Asim, which have been used all over the world of Islam.[1]

List of notable recitors

Listed below are some notable recitors of the Qur'an:

Recitation styles

Pani patti style of recitation.

Recitation Maqams (Locations)

See also

Other religions

Source

  • Habib Hassan Touma (1996). The Music of the Arabs, trans. Laurie Schwartz. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press. ISBN 0-931340-88-8.

References

  1. ^ Bewley, Aishah. "The Seven Qira'at of the Qur'an", Aisha Bewley's Islamic Home Page
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