Matareya

El Matareya المطرية
Country	Egypt
Governorate	Dakahlia Governorate
Population  (2000)
• Total	300,000
• Ethnicities:	Egyptians
Time zone	UTC+2 (EST)
• Summer (DST)	+3

Matareya is an Egyptian "Markaz" Region located in the Dakahlia Governorate. It is located on the Lake Manzala coast in northeastern Egypt. It should not be confused with the district of Mataria in Cairo. The population of El Matareya is around 300,000. It is consisted of two main districts, Al-Ghasna and El-Obeyeen. It was announced a separate city in the 1930s, with many villages following it.

History

The city consisted of two main islands named Al-Ghasna and El-Obeyeen. They were distinct islands until 1903 when the government issued a decree to unite both islands under the name Matareya city. Transportation between the two islands was via wooden boats until the waterway separating the islands was dried up. The first brick houses in the city were built in the 1750s with the roofs being made of wood.

The city played a heroic role during the French campaign on Egypt, where the fishermen joined the resistance forces led by the Egyptian leader of the struggle against colonialism in this region, Sheikh Hassan Tobar. When the French battleships moved from Damietta towards Matareya to attack, they were surprised by 100 fishermen boats opposing them. At last, the city was occupied by the French in October 1798.

The fishermen of Matareya played an important role in the digging of the Suez Canal, since they delivered water from the city to the workers in Port Said.

The great fire of 1907

The city was destroyed by a devastating fire in 1907. Many people died in the fire and all what was left of the city was ash and remains of dead animals. Al-Ahram newspaper published in its issue dated June 26, 1997, a detailed study on the burning of the city by Dr. Younan Labib Rizk. Khedive Abbas II visited the city upon the fire and ordered reconstruction of it's mosques. He also gave a certain amount of money to the people of the city for reconstruction. Also many other steps where taken to help the people construct their city and money wwas given to all those who suffered losses.

1930s and 1940s

Matareya has followed Dekerness until 1929 and then followed Manzala until it was announced a city itself and a Centre (markaz) with many villages following it. The streets of the city were very impressive and surprising for visitors since they have been designed and organized perfectly and are almost unique in the world. It was arranged like a chess table that if you stood at the beginning of a street you can see it's end without any hindrance, and it is still this way until now.

In this period the city had two mayors, Mohamed Zinedine Azzam was the mayor of Al-Ghasna and Kamel Dawood El-Rayes was the mayor of El-Obeyeen.

The fishing industry in the city was affected much since Lake Manzala dried up to almost 1/5 of it's original size (which was about 720,000 acres). It's 120,000 acres remaining were divided into several influence regions.

Embracing the late president Anwar El Sadat

In 1942, People's Artist Zakaril Hijawi hosted Anwar El Sadat in Matareya (which was Hijawi's hometown). Sadat worked on the car that moved from Matareya to the Suez Canal, delivering arms to guerrillas and men of the revolution. Years later when Sadat became president, he came back to the city to lay the foundation stone for Al-Salam Canal and visited the house he lived in during his stay in the city which was Ramshackle at that time.

Role in the Tripartite Aggression

The city was the second line of defense after the Suez Canal during the Tripartite Aggression against Port Said in October 26, 1956. The city was burning by aerial bombardments by the intense aggression. Thousands of boats and fishing boats transported every second hundreds of the wounded and injured to be resuscitated in Matareya. Also the people of Matareya welcomed all immigrants from Port Said and other cities along the Suez Canal.

Abdel Nasser's Visit

In December 24, 1961, the city was decorated to receive late President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who came from Port Said in a boat. Men of the revolution accompanied the late president as Hussein al-Shafi, Kamal El-Din Hussein, Abdel Hakim Amer, Salah Salem, and others. Then the late president left Matareya heading towards it's neighboring city Manzala , which was decorated too to receive the president.

Role in the War of Attrition

The city had an important role in the War of Attrition. Many fishermen volunteered to join the Coastguard to be trained on using weapons and defending their points. These exercises came to fruition, where some fishermen caught an Israeli pilot after they forced him to jump off his plane when they shoot at it. Many other achievements were credited to the people of the city in this war.

Anwar El Sadat's Visit

At 12 noon on November 27, 1979 the helicopter landed in Matareya carrying the President and his comrades. The late president visited the city to lay the foundation stone for Al-Salam Canal. The city was decorated like never before for that historical day.

Villages

• El A'safra
• Al Dheheir
• Awlad Sobour

Famous Mosques

• Great Mosque of Azzam
• El Fath Mosque
• The Mosque of the graveyard

Famous Families of the City

• El Rayes
• Azzam
• El Shennawy
• Al Nagdy
• Farrag

and some many others.

External Links

• The city's history in Arabic