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:''This article refers to the Turkish political group. For the animal see [[Gray Wolf]]; for the [[Death industrial#Death_industrial|death industrial]] music group see [[The Grey Wolves]]''.
:''This article refers to the Turkish political group. For the animal see [[Gray Wolf]]; for the [[Death industrial#Death_industrial|death industrial]] music group see [[The Grey Wolves]]''.


⚫
'''Grey Wolves''' (''Bozkurtlar'' in [[Turkish language|Turkish]]) is the common name for the members of the [[Turkey|Turkish]] [[Nationalist Movement Party]] ("Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi", MHP), an [[nationalist]] movement founded by [[Alparslan Türkeş]] in [[1961]].
{{Fascism}}
⚫
'''Grey Wolves''' (''Bozkurtlar'' in [[Turkish language|Turkish]]) is the common name for the members of the [[Turkey|Turkish]] [[Nationalist Movement Party]] ("Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi", MHP), an [[ultra-nationalist]] movement founded by [[Alparslan Türkeş]] in [[1961]].


They are named after a [[legend]]ary [[wolf]] that led captive [[Turkish people|Turks]] to freedom. Their formal name in Turkish is ''ülkücüler'' (the idealists) and ''Ülkücü Hareket'' (The Idealist Movement) (see [[Actual Idealism]]). ''Ülkü Ocakları'' (Hearths of Ideal), the proper platform of Grey Wolves, denies any "direct" links with MHP and presents itself as an independent youth organisation. Their female supporters are called ''[[Asena]]''.
They are named after a [[legend]]ary [[wolf]] that led captive [[Turkish people|Turks]] to freedom. Their formal name in Turkish is ''ülkücüler'' (the idealists) and ''Ülkücü Hareket'' (The Idealist Movement) (see [[Actual Idealism]]). ''Ülkü Ocakları'' (Hearths of Ideal), the proper platform of Grey Wolves, denies any "direct" links with MHP and presents itself as an independent youth organisation. Their female supporters are called ''[[Asena]]''.
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==History==
==History==
Like all other parties, MHP was banned after the [[Turkish military coup, 1980|military coup of September 12, 1980]] and it lost many of its core cadres to the [[neo-liberal]] [[Motherland Party]] or various vestiges of the [[Islamist]] movement.
Like all other parties, MHP was banned after the [[Turkish military coup, 1980|military coup of September 12, 1980]] and it lost many of its core cadres to the [[neo-liberal]] [[Motherland Party]] or various vestiges of the [[Islamist]] movement.

The founder of the MHP ,Alparslan Turkes is a noted<ref name="lee">{{cite book|
title = The Beast Reawakens:Facism's resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right Wing Extremists |
author = Martin A. Lee}}
</ref> admirer of Adolf Hitler. This organization has a racist and facist ideology with strong Nazi-like ideology.


The Nationalist Task Party ("Milliyetçi Çalışma Partisi", MÇP) was founded in [[1983]] as a successor to the MHP, and as of [[1992]] is again known as the MHP.
The Nationalist Task Party ("Milliyetçi Çalışma Partisi", MÇP) was founded in [[1983]] as a successor to the MHP, and as of [[1992]] is again known as the MHP.


⚫
A significant pillar of the MHP's [[ideology]] is the dream of creating the [[Turan]], the Great Turkish Empire, including all [[Turkic peoples|Turkish]] (sometimes referred as Turkic) peoples mainly in the successor Central-Asian countries of the former [[Soviet Union]] as well as [[China]] (the [[Uyghur]]s of [[East Turkestan]]).
The para-military wing of the Grey Wolves were covertly supported by the CIA and were invisioned to be used as anti-communist insurgents in an event of a Soviet invasion of Turkey<ref name="lee" />.

⚫
A significant pillar of the MHP's [[ideology]] is the dream of creating the [[Turan]], the Great Turkish Empire, including all [[Turkic peoples|Turkish]] (sometimes referred as Turkic) peoples mainly in the successor Central-Asian countries of the former [[Soviet Union]] as well as [[China]] (the [[Uyghur]]s of [[East Turkestan]]). This racist and supremicist ideology is similar to Nazi concepts of German master race and to the German expansionist policies which led to WWII<ref name="lee" />.


The MHP opposes any concessions to Kurdish separatists, namely the [[PKK]]. Despite being anti-PKK they have also [[Kurds|Kurdish]] supporters who are mostly of the [[Zaza]]-tribe. The paramilitary wing of the Grey Wolves have been utilized by the Turkish intelligence services to assassinate Kurdish leaders<ref name="lee" />.
The MHP opposes any concessions to Kurdish terrorists, namely the [[PKK]]. Despite being anti-PKK they have also [[Kurds|Kurdish]] supporters who are mostly of the [[Zaza]]-tribe.


The MHP has ties to the Turkish mafia and to the Turkish intelligence services[1&3].
The MHP has ties to the Turkish mafia and to the Turkish intelligence services[1&3].


The "Grey Wolves", in particular [[Abdullah Çatlı]], have allegedly worked with [[Gladio]] "stay-behind" networks, according to ''[[Le Monde diplomatique]]'' [http://mondediplo.com/1998/07/05turkey]. The 1981 attempt on Pope's life may even have been manipulated by this [[NATO]] clandestine structure, according to [[Lucy Komisar]]. She underlines the fact that [[Mehmet Ali Ağca]], the failed assassin, was a Grey Wolves member who had worked with Abdullah Çatlı in the 1979 murder of a left-wing newspaper editor. "Çatlı then reportedly helped organize Ağca's escape from an Istanbul military prison, and some have suggested Catli was even involved in the Pope's assassination attempt" reports Lucy Komisar, adding that at the scene of the Mercedes-Benz crash where Çatlı died, he was found with a passport under the name of "Mehmet Özbay" - an alias also used by Mehmet Ali Ağca <ref name="Komisar">{{cite web|
The 1981 attempt on Pope's life may even have been manipulated by this [[NATO]] clandestine structure, according to [[Lucy Komisar]]. She underlines the fact that [[Mehmet Ali Ağca]], the failed assassin, was a Grey Wolves member who had worked with Abdullah Çatlı in the 1979 murder of a left-wing newspaper editor. "Çatlı then reportedly helped organize Ağca's escape from an Istanbul military prison, and some have suggested Catli was even involved in the Pope's assassination attempt" reports Lucy Komisar, adding that at the scene of the Mercedes-Benz crash where Çatlı died, he was found with a passport under the name of "Mehmet Özbay" - an alias also used by Mehmet Ali Ağca <ref name="Komisar">{{cite web|
url = http://www.monitor.net/monitor/9703b/turkeycia-sidebar.html |
url = http://www.monitor.net/monitor/9703b/turkeycia-sidebar.html |
title = The Assassins of a Pope |
title = The Assassins of a Pope |

Revision as of 20:28, 30 April 2006

This article refers to the Turkish political group. For the animal see Gray Wolf; for the death industrial music group see The Grey Wolves.

Grey Wolves (Bozkurtlar in Turkish) is the common name for the members of the Turkish Nationalist Movement Party ("Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi", MHP), an nationalist movement founded by Alparslan Türkeş in 1961.

They are named after a legendary wolf that led captive Turks to freedom. Their formal name in Turkish is ülkücüler (the idealists) and Ülkücü Hareket (The Idealist Movement) (see Actual Idealism). Ülkü Ocakları (Hearths of Ideal), the proper platform of Grey Wolves, denies any "direct" links with MHP and presents itself as an independent youth organisation. Their female supporters are called Asena.

History

Like all other parties, MHP was banned after the military coup of September 12, 1980 and it lost many of its core cadres to the neo-liberal Motherland Party or various vestiges of the Islamist movement.

The Nationalist Task Party ("Milliyetçi Çalışma Partisi", MÇP) was founded in 1983 as a successor to the MHP, and as of 1992 is again known as the MHP.

A significant pillar of the MHP's ideology is the dream of creating the Turan, the Great Turkish Empire, including all Turkish (sometimes referred as Turkic) peoples mainly in the successor Central-Asian countries of the former Soviet Union as well as China (the Uyghurs of East Turkestan).

The MHP opposes any concessions to Kurdish terrorists, namely the PKK. Despite being anti-PKK they have also Kurdish supporters who are mostly of the Zaza-tribe.

The MHP has ties to the Turkish mafia and to the Turkish intelligence services[1&3]. 

The 1981 attempt on Pope's life may even have been manipulated by this NATO clandestine structure, according to Lucy Komisar. She underlines the fact that Mehmet Ali Ağca, the failed assassin, was a Grey Wolves member who had worked with Abdullah Çatlı in the 1979 murder of a left-wing newspaper editor. "Çatlı then reportedly helped organize Ağca's escape from an Istanbul military prison, and some have suggested Catli was even involved in the Pope's assassination attempt" reports Lucy Komisar, adding that at the scene of the Mercedes-Benz crash where Çatlı died, he was found with a passport under the name of "Mehmet Özbay" - an alias also used by Mehmet Ali Ağca [1].

In 2004, the Grey Wolves successfully prevented the screening of Atom Egoyan's Ararat, a film about the Armenian Genocide [1], [2].

Some significant slogans

  • Tanrı Türk'ü Korusun ve Yüceltsin! (God save and sublime the Turk!)
  • Şehitler Ölmez, Vatan Bölünmez! (Martyrs don't die, the Fatherland isn't divided!)
  • Ülkücü Hareket Engellenemez! (The idealist movement can't be hampered!)
  • Alparslan Türkeş'in askerleriyiz! (We are the soldiers of Alparslan Türkeş!)
  • Dökülen kan, alınan can bizim / Yıkılsın liberal kapitalizm! (The blood spilled and the lives taken are ours / May liberal capitalism collapse!)
  • Elimizde Kur'an, Hedef Turan! (Qur'an in our hands, our target is Turan!)
  • Çakal çakaldır, bozkurt olamaz ki!(Jackal is a jackal, and can never be a greywolf.)

References

  1. ^ Lucy Komisar. "The Assassins of a Pope". Retrieved 07/04/2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

3 The Double Standard: The Turkish State and Racist Violence (Chapter 13) in Racism in Europe (edited by Tore Bjorgo) (ISBN 0312124090)

4Maksudyan, N. The Turkish Review of Anthropology and the Racist Face of Turkish Nationalism.CULTURAL DYNAMICS, 2005, Volume 17, Issue 3, pgs 291-322

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