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Belongs in the Municipality of Velenje, not Velenje city.
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===Name===
===Name===
Velenje was first attested in written sources in 1264 as ''Weln'' (and as ''Welan'' in 1270, and ''Belen'' and ''Welen'' in 1296). The name derives from *''Velen′e selo'' 'Velenъ's village'. A less likely hypothesis derives the name from the Slovene common noun ''velen(je)'' 'pasture for livestock'.<ref>Snoj, Marko. 2009. ''Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen''. Ljubljana: Modrijan and Založba ZRC, pp. 450–451.</ref> The name of the town was changed to ''Titovo Velenje'' (literally, 'Tito's Velenje') in 1981 in honor of the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]] leader [[Josip Broz Tito]]. The name ''Velenje'' was restored in 1990, just before the declaration of Slovenian independence in 1991.<ref>''Spremembe naselij 1948–95''. 1996. Database. Ljubljana: Geografski inštitut ZRC SAZU, DZS.</ref> In the past, the German name of the settlement was Wöllan.<ref name="Leksikon"/>
Velenje was first attested in written sources in 1264 as ''Weln'' (and as ''Welan'' in 1270, and ''Belen'' and ''Welen'' in 1296). The name derives from *''Velen′e selo'' 'Velenъ's village'. A less likely hypothesis derives the name from the Slovene common noun ''velen(je)'' 'pasture for livestock'.<ref>Snoj, Marko. 2009. ''Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen''. Ljubljana: Modrijan and Založba ZRC, pp. 450–451.</ref> The name of the town was changed to ''Titovo Velenje'' (literally, 'Tito's Velenje') in 1981 in honor of the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]] leader [[Josip Broz Tito]]. The name ''Velenje'' was restored in 1990, just before the declaration of Slovenian independence in 1991.<ref>''Spremembe naselij 1948–95''. 1996. Database. Ljubljana: Geografski inštitut ZRC SAZU, DZS.</ref> In the past, the German name of the settlement was Wöllan.<ref name="Leksikon"/>

===Mass grave===
<!-- linked from redirect [[Koželj Mass Grave]] -->
Velenje is the site of a [[Mass graves in Slovenia|mass grave]] from the period immediately after the Second World War. The Koželj Mass Grave ({{lang-sl|Grobišče Koželj}}) is located in the Goll Woods ({{lang|sl|''Gollova hosta''}}) below Big Koželj Hill ({{lang|sl|''Veliki Koželj''}}) beside a tributary of Trubušnica Creek. It contains the remains of a truckload of Slovene civilian prisoners, including many Velenje natives, that were transported from the prisons in [[Celje]] and murdered on 15 June 1945.<ref>[http://www.geopedia.si/?params=T105_L7387_F200#T105_F7387:485_x509862.809372625_y134161.793751583_s14_b4 Koželj Mass Grave on Geopedia] {{sl icon}}</ref><ref>Dežman, Jože. 2009. ''Poročilo Komisije vlade Republike Slovenije za reševanje vprašanj prikritih grobišč: 2005-2008''. Ljubljana: Družina, p. 1909.</ref><ref>Republika Slovenija, Ministrstvo za delo, družino in socialne zadeve. 2007. ''Informacija o urejanju prikritih grobišč.'' Ljubljana, p. 7.</ref><ref>[http://www.mddsz.gov.si/fileadmin/mddsz.gov.si/pageuploads/dokumenti__pdf/09042010_prilogaSonda%C5%BEa.pdf Republika Slovenija, Ministrstvo za delo, družino in socialne zadeve. 2010. ''Terenske preiskave lokacij, kjer so evidentirana prikrita vojna grobišča v Republiki Sloveniji: Seznam lokacij, kjer se izvedejo terenske preiskave.'' Ljubljana, p. 32.] {{sl icon}}</ref> The grave site is marked by an official inventory sign<ref>[http://www.panoramio.com/photo/38618585 Photo of inventory sign (no. 093) at the Koželj Mass Grave.]</ref> and a small concrete plaque.<ref>[http://www.panoramio.com/photo/17633221 Photo of plaque at the Koželj Mass Grave.]</ref>


===Modern history===
===Modern history===

Revision as of 16:10, 2 May 2014

Velenje
Titovo Velenje (1981–1990)
City
Country Slovenia
Statistical regionSavinja (Styria)
MunicipalityVelenje
Settled1889
Town privileges1959
Government
 • MayorBojan Kontič (SD)
Area
[1]
 • Total12.6 km2 (4.9 sq mi)
Elevation
[2]
400 m (1,300 ft)
Population
 (2013)[1]
 • Total25.333
 • Rank5th, Slovenia
 • Density2,012/km2 (5,210/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02 (CEST)
Postal code
3320
Area code03 (+386 3 from abroad)
Google MapsVelenje, Slovenia
Websitewww.velenje.si/en/

Velenje (pronounced [vɛˈlɛːnjɛ] ⓘ; Template:Lang-de[3]) is Slovenia's fifth-largest city, and the administrative and economic center of the Municipality of Velenje. The city is located in northeastern Slovenia, among the rolling green hills of the Šalek Valley, with the Kamnik–Savinja Alps to the west and Pohorje Mountains to the east.

History

Name

Velenje was first attested in written sources in 1264 as Weln (and as Welan in 1270, and Belen and Welen in 1296). The name derives from *Velen′e selo 'Velenъ's village'. A less likely hypothesis derives the name from the Slovene common noun velen(je) 'pasture for livestock'.[4] The name of the town was changed to Titovo Velenje (literally, 'Tito's Velenje') in 1981 in honor of the Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito. The name Velenje was restored in 1990, just before the declaration of Slovenian independence in 1991.[5] In the past, the German name of the settlement was Wöllan.[3]

Modern history

The 1889 Old Velenje (Template:Lang-sl), the old part of today's city, was a small market town with 364 citizens, located downtown at the foot of Velenje Castle. The lignite mining industry in the area contributed to the expansion of the town before World War II. After the war, Velenje rapidly advanced and developed into a modern city. The modern city of Velenje was planned and built in the 1950s, in the time of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia. The manufacturer of home appliances, Gorenje, moved its headquarters to the city from the nearby settlement of Gorenje.

The central Tito Square officially opened on September 20, 1959, and features the tallest statue of Tito in the world (about 10 m or 33 ft). It was designed by Antun Augustinčič and Vladimir Herljević.[6] The square was once used as a meeting place of Nikita Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev, as well as Edward Gierek and Nicolae Ceaușescu.[7]

Geography

Velenje is located in northeast Slovenia, some 85 km from the capital Ljubljana, and the country's second- and third-largest cities Maribor and Celje, are 75 km and 25 km away, respectively, with Graz (Austria) around 130 km away. Velenje is well connected by train and bus to other destinations, and is also easy to reach by car.[8]

Transportation

Velenje train station in 1997.

Driving is not only the fastest and most convenient way to reach Velenje, but it also gives visitors the opportunity to explore the countryside and more remote sites. The drive from Ljubljana takes about one hour. Velenje's city center is relatively easily covered on foot, or by bicycle. Bicycles can be rented from the tourist office in Villa Bianca.[9]

There are up to 15 trains per day to Ljubljana and Maribor during the week, all of which require a transfer in Celje and take about 2 to 3 hours. Fares cost between €8 and €13 one-way. There are only four trains on Saturdays, and none on Sundays. Velenje's train station is located just west of the city centre.[10]

Velenje's bus station is on Šalek Street (Template:Lang-sl), just east of the Mercator shopping center. There are frequent local and regional buses during the week, with up to five direct buses on weekdays to Ljubljana and up to 22 to Celje.[11] Public city bus transport in Velenje is cost-free.[12]

The nearest airport is Ljubljana Airport,[13] with Graz, Klagenfurt, and Zagreb airports relatively nearby.

Government

Velenje mayor election results[14]
Year Socialist Other
SD 2010 57.17% 6,489 42.83% 4,862
SD 2006 57.97% 8,110 42.03% 5,879
SD 2002 66.32% 12,468 18.48% 3,474
SD 1998 64.48% 8,962 17.68% 2,458
SD 1994 win ? loss ?

Velenje is the seat of the Municipality of Velenje. Bojan Kontič of Social Democrats has been the mayor of the municipality since 2010.[14][15]

Economy and education

Velenje is one of the strongest economic centers in Slovenia, equipped with modern infrastructure. Economic development is based on the energy, metal-processing, and construction industries. Environmental protection, craft, and trade services have been experiencing solid development. The city has three large shopping centers. These include Hypermarket Mercator Velenje, Velenjka, and Velenje Shopping Center.[16]

Velenje is an employment, administrative, and educational center of the wider Savinja–Šalek region. It has six primary schools, seven secondary/high schools, a university, and a music school.[17]

Culture

The Velenje Cultural Center, in the northwestern part of the square, was built in 1959 according to plans by Oton Gaspari, and opened in November 1960. Its facade was decorated with a relief by Stojan Batič, and its interior by Riko Debenjak. The hall was the 1990s center of subcultures in Velenje. Today, it hosts the public institute Velenje Festival, which holds various cultural activities. The hall also houses a puppet theatre and a dance theatre.[18]

Sports

Velenje holds the only 400 kilometres (250 mi) long adventure race in Slovenia, called Adventure Race Slovenia, which is known across Europe and is held every weekend in June. It was first held in 2003 by the Lake Dragon Scout Group.

The handball club RK Gorenje, and football club NK Rudar Velenje are based in Velenje. The city is the birthplace of Jolanda Čeplak, a Slovenian middle distance athlete and Olympic bronze medalist. It is also the hometown of the Slovenian tennis player Katarina Srebotnik.

Religion

The parish church in Velenje dates to the 13th century with 16th- and 17th-century additions. It is dedicated to Saint Martin, and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje. A significant portion of Velenje's populace today describe themselves as atheists.[19]

Twin towns and sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Slovenia

Velenje is twinned with:

References

  1. ^ a b "Velenje, Velenje". Statistical Office of Slovenia. 2013.
  2. ^ "Height above sea level of seats of municipalities" (in Slovene and English). Statistical Office of Slovenia. 2002.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  3. ^ a b Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 4: Štajersko. 1904. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 272.
  4. ^ Snoj, Marko. 2009. Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen. Ljubljana: Modrijan and Založba ZRC, pp. 450–451.
  5. ^ Spremembe naselij 1948–95. 1996. Database. Ljubljana: Geografski inštitut ZRC SAZU, DZS.
  6. ^ "The Monument to Josip Broz Tito in Velenje" (in Slovene).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  7. ^ "The Bronze Giant" (in Slovene). Mladina. January 7, 2003.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  8. ^ Official catalogue and tourist map
  9. ^ Official traffic information centre
  10. ^ Slovenian Railways
  11. ^ Ljubljana bus transport
  12. ^ Free public transport
  13. ^ Ljubljana Airport website
  14. ^ a b Office of the commission, State election commission
  15. ^ "Mayor of the Municipality of Velenje".
  16. ^ Shopping in Velenje
  17. ^ Education in Velenje
  18. ^ "The Hall of Culture – Velenje" (in Slovene).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  19. ^ "Population by religion, municipalities, Slovenia". 2002.
  20. ^ "Neath Port Talbot Twin Towns". Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council.
  21. ^ "Split Twin Towns" (in Croatian).
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