Jump to content

Orashi River: Difference between revisions

Edit links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Line 39: Line 39:
}}
}}
'''Orashi River''' (also Urashi or Ulasi),<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk"/> is a river of the lower [[Niger River]] basin, and a tributary of [[Oguta Lake]], southeastern [[Nigeria]].<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk"/><ref name="www.omicsgroup.org">{{cite journal|url=http://www.omicsgroup.org/journals/river-basins-of-imo-state-for-sustainable-water-resources-management-2165-784X.1000134.pdf |title=River Basins of Imo State for Sustainable Water Resources Management |first=B.C. |last=Okoro |journal=Civil & Environmental Engineering |volume=|issue=4.1|date=2014 |page=4|display-authors=etal|accessdate=January 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.davidpublishing.com/davidpublishing/Upfile/7/29/2012/2012072973443129.pdf|title=Water Quality Monitoring of a Tropical Lake and Associated Rivers: A Case Study of Oguta Lake and Its Tributaries, Niger Delta Basin, Southeastern Nigeria |publisher=Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering|date=2012|volume= A 1|issue=818-826|accessdate=January 16, 2016|page=3|author=Cosmas Ahamefule Ahiarakwem|department=Department of Geosciences, [[Federal University of Technology Owerri]] (FUTO), Nigeria|display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name="www.ccsenet.org">{{cite journal|url=http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jgg/article/view/29114 |title=Impact of the 2012 Flood on Water Quality and Rural Livelihood in the Orashi Province of the Niger Delta, Nigeria |first=Prince Chinedu |last=Mmom |journal=Journal of Geography and Geology |volume=5 |issue=1916-9779|date=2013|page=4|display-authors=etal|accessdate=January 16, 2016}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceC"/> Orashi takes off, 183 m above mean sea level, from the rocks in Ezeama community of [[Dikenafai]], [[Imo State]].<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk"/><ref name="www.ajol.info"/><ref name="ReferenceD">{{cite journal|url=http://www.imoreporters.com/index.php/source-and-natural-course|title=Urashi River- Its Source and Natural Course|work=www.imoreporters.com|accessdate=May 20, 2016}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite journal|url=http://tours.logbaby.com/imo/content/attractions.html|title=The source of Urashi River|work=tours.logbaby.com|accessdate=May 20, 2016}}</ref> Described as a lifeline to [[Ideato South]] communities, Orashi stream serves as an all purpose river for drinking, washing and many others to communities such as Umulewe, Umuchima and Ntueke in the area.<ref name="ReferenceG">{{cite journal|url=http://www.channelstv.com/tag/umulewe/|title=NGO Partners With Imo, Sinks Borehole In 3 Communities|work=www.channelstv.com|accessdate=May 21, 2016}}</ref>
'''Orashi River''' (also Urashi or Ulasi),<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk"/> is a river of the lower [[Niger River]] basin, and a tributary of [[Oguta Lake]], southeastern [[Nigeria]].<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk"/><ref name="www.omicsgroup.org">{{cite journal|url=http://www.omicsgroup.org/journals/river-basins-of-imo-state-for-sustainable-water-resources-management-2165-784X.1000134.pdf |title=River Basins of Imo State for Sustainable Water Resources Management |first=B.C. |last=Okoro |journal=Civil & Environmental Engineering |volume=|issue=4.1|date=2014 |page=4|display-authors=etal|accessdate=January 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.davidpublishing.com/davidpublishing/Upfile/7/29/2012/2012072973443129.pdf|title=Water Quality Monitoring of a Tropical Lake and Associated Rivers: A Case Study of Oguta Lake and Its Tributaries, Niger Delta Basin, Southeastern Nigeria |publisher=Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering|date=2012|volume= A 1|issue=818-826|accessdate=January 16, 2016|page=3|author=Cosmas Ahamefule Ahiarakwem|department=Department of Geosciences, [[Federal University of Technology Owerri]] (FUTO), Nigeria|display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name="www.ccsenet.org">{{cite journal|url=http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jgg/article/view/29114 |title=Impact of the 2012 Flood on Water Quality and Rural Livelihood in the Orashi Province of the Niger Delta, Nigeria |first=Prince Chinedu |last=Mmom |journal=Journal of Geography and Geology |volume=5 |issue=1916-9779|date=2013|page=4|display-authors=etal|accessdate=January 16, 2016}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceC"/> Orashi takes off, 183 m above mean sea level, from the rocks in Ezeama community of [[Dikenafai]], [[Imo State]].<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk"/><ref name="www.ajol.info"/><ref name="ReferenceD">{{cite journal|url=http://www.imoreporters.com/index.php/source-and-natural-course|title=Urashi River- Its Source and Natural Course|work=www.imoreporters.com|accessdate=May 20, 2016}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite journal|url=http://tours.logbaby.com/imo/content/attractions.html|title=The source of Urashi River|work=tours.logbaby.com|accessdate=May 20, 2016}}</ref> Described as a lifeline to [[Ideato South]] communities, Orashi stream serves as an all purpose river for drinking, washing and many others to communities such as Umulewe, Umuchima and Ntueke in the area.<ref name="ReferenceG">{{cite journal|url=http://www.channelstv.com/tag/umulewe/|title=NGO Partners With Imo, Sinks Borehole In 3 Communities|work=www.channelstv.com|accessdate=May 21, 2016}}</ref>

==Urashi [[Waterfall]]==
Orashi River takes off as a stream, from the rocks, at the base of a [[Waterfall|waterfall]],<ref name="ReferenceI"/> 183 m above mean sea level, in the Urashi enclave of Ezeama in [[Dikenafai]], [[Imo State]].<ref name="ReferenceI"/> <ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite journal|url=http://tours.logbaby.com/imo/content/attractions.html|title=The source of Urashi River|work=tours.logbaby.com|accessdate=May 20, 2016}}</ref> <ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite journal|url=http://www.ajol.info/index.php/afrrev/article/view/47562/33939|title=Urashi Waterfall Ecotourism Development and Cultural Challenges in Dikenafai, Ideato South Local Government Area, Nigeria|first=Henry M|last=Ijeoma|journal=African Research Review: An International Multi-Disciplinary Journal, Ethiopia|volume=7|ISSN=1119-023X|date=2008|page=4|display-authors=etal|department=Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, [[University of Port Harcourt]], Port Harcourt, Rivers State |accessdate=May 20, 2016}}</ref>

The entrance to the waterfall was around the corner from Ezeama, the Water God's altar. "It was a narrow, unassuming pathway cut into the thicket of the forest. From the pathway, one could hear the steady rush of water growing louder as one drew near. A gentle mist hung in the air; a sweet combination of salty rainwater mixed with the smell of fresh wet earth. The pathway, which was less than a quarter of a mile long, soon gave way to a clear opening and there suddenly the waterfall appeared, a breathtaking view, like a huge strike of lightening on a bright summer day", described Nema Obih.<ref name="ReferenceI">{{cite journal|url=http://www.oralhistory-productions.org/articles/MyFathersVillage.pdf|title=My Father's Village – Excerpts from a Memoir in Progress (New York)|author=Nema Obih (E.Obih-Frank)|date=2004|work=www.oralhistory-productions.org|accessdate=May 21, 2016}}</ref>


==Flow==
==Flow==
From [[Dikenafai]], Orashi flows through several towns, including Urualla, Akokwa, [[Okija]], Osu, [[Ukpor]], [[Ihiala]], [[Uli, Anambra|Uli]], [[Oguta]], [[Mgbidi]], [[Omoku]], Obiakpo, Ebocha, Ukodu, Okarki and Mbiama.<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk"/><ref name="www.ajol.info"/> The river forms tributaries along its flow, from [[Imo State|Imo]] through [[Anambra State|Anambra]] to [[Rivers State|Rivers]], before empting onto the Altlantic.<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk">{{cite journal|url=http://wedc.lboro.ac.uk/resources/conference/29/Mbajiorgu.pdf|title=A water quality study of Ulasi river at selected locations|first=C. C.|last=Mbajiorgu |journal=29th WEDC International Conference Towards The Millennium Development Goals|date=2003|page=1|display-authors=etal|accessdate=May 13, 2016}}</ref><ref name="www.ajol.info">{{cite journal|url=http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajazeb/article/download/41147/8555|title=Sanitary Quality of Ulasi River, Okija, Anambra State, Nigeria|first=I.J|last=Anazoo|journal=African Journal of Applied Zoology and Environmental Biology|volume=7|ISSN=1119-023X|date=2008|page=1|display-authors=etal|department=Microbiology, Anambra State University of Science and Technology|accessdate=May 14, 2016}}</ref> It splits into two at Egbema. The larger portion (right), continued the flow through Eluku before spliting further into two and emptying its waters and sediments at Edi Kalama (Degema) and [[Abonnema]] into the gulf of Biafra.<ref name="ReferenceD"/>
From [[Dikenafai]], Orashi flows through several towns, including Urualla, Akokwa, [[Okija]], Osu, [[Ukpor]], [[Ihiala]], [[Uli, Anambra|Uli]], [[Oguta]], [[Mgbidi]], [[Omoku]], Obiakpo, Ebocha, Ukodu, Okarki and Mbiama.<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk"/><ref name="www.ajol.info"/> The river forms tributaries along its flow, from [[Imo State|Imo]] through [[Anambra State|Anambra]] to [[Rivers State|Rivers]], before empting onto the Altlantic.<ref name="wedc.lboro.ac.uk">{{cite journal|url=http://wedc.lboro.ac.uk/resources/conference/29/Mbajiorgu.pdf|title=A water quality study of Ulasi river at selected locations|first=C. C.|last=Mbajiorgu |journal=29th WEDC International Conference Towards The Millennium Development Goals|date=2003|page=1|display-authors=etal|accessdate=May 13, 2016}}</ref><ref name="www.ajol.info">{{cite journal|url=http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajazeb/article/download/41147/8555|title=Sanitary Quality of Ulasi River, Okija, Anambra State, Nigeria|first=I.J|last=Anazoo|journal=African Journal of Applied Zoology and Environmental Biology|volume=7|ISSN=1119-023X|date=2008|page=1|display-authors=etal|department=Microbiology, Anambra State University of Science and Technology|accessdate=May 14, 2016}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceD">{{cite journal|url=http://www.imoreporters.com/index.php/source-and-natural-course|title=Urashi River- Its Source and Natural Course|work=www.imoreporters.com|accessdate=May 20, 2016}}</ref> It splits into two at Egbema. The larger portion (right), continued the flow through Eluku before spliting further into two and emptying its waters and sediments at Edi Kalama (Degema) and [[Abonnema]] into the gulf of Biafra.<ref name="ReferenceD"/>


==Economy==
==Economy==

Revision as of 15:37, 21 May 2016

Orashi River, Nigeria
Native nameUrashi, Ulasi Error {{native name checker}}: parameter value is malformed (help)
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationDikenafai, Imo State.[1]
 • elevation183 m
Length205 km (127 mi)
Basin features
River systemNiger River
Tributaries 
 • leftOkposi, Engenni
 • rightBonima, Ubu
WaterbodiesOguta Lake

Orashi River (also Urashi or Ulasi),[1] is a river of the lower Niger River basin, and a tributary of Oguta Lake, southeastern Nigeria.[1][2][3][4][5] Orashi takes off, 183 m above mean sea level, from the rocks in Ezeama community of Dikenafai, Imo State.[1][6][7][5] Described as a lifeline to Ideato South communities, Orashi stream serves as an all purpose river for drinking, washing and many others to communities such as Umulewe, Umuchima and Ntueke in the area.[8]

Urashi Waterfall

Orashi River takes off as a stream, from the rocks, at the base of a waterfall,[9] 183 m above mean sea level, in the Urashi enclave of Ezeama in Dikenafai, Imo State.[9] [5] [10]

The entrance to the waterfall was around the corner from Ezeama, the Water God's altar. "It was a narrow, unassuming pathway cut into the thicket of the forest. From the pathway, one could hear the steady rush of water growing louder as one drew near. A gentle mist hung in the air; a sweet combination of salty rainwater mixed with the smell of fresh wet earth. The pathway, which was less than a quarter of a mile long, soon gave way to a clear opening and there suddenly the waterfall appeared, a breathtaking view, like a huge strike of lightening on a bright summer day", described Nema Obih.[9]

Flow

From Dikenafai, Orashi flows through several towns, including Urualla, Akokwa, Okija, Osu, Ukpor, Ihiala, Uli, Oguta, Mgbidi, Omoku, Obiakpo, Ebocha, Ukodu, Okarki and Mbiama.[1][6] The river forms tributaries along its flow, from Imo through Anambra to Rivers, before empting onto the Altlantic.[1][6][7] It splits into two at Egbema. The larger portion (right), continued the flow through Eluku before spliting further into two and emptying its waters and sediments at Edi Kalama (Degema) and Abonnema into the gulf of Biafra.[7]

Economy

Orashi region is in the rainforest zone, southeastern Nigeria.[1] Crop cultivation, Oil Palm and fishing are the major occupation of the people and source of livelihood.[4]: 3  The zone may be termed an ‘oil palm bush.’[1] The forest zone is characterized by abundance of plant species, sometimes exceeding 150 different species per hectare. From its source down to the Atlantic, the river supports several fishermen and provides means of liveli-hood for their families.[1] Orashi Region, which includes Njaba River basin, has over 35% of the oil wells in the Niger Delta states of Imo and Rivers.[4]: 3 [11]

Trade Route and Waterway

Orashi river as an ancient trade and cultural route, has provided means of transportation and migration for indigenous communities who moved from one town to another by canoe, for economic purposes or to convey farm produce on market days.[1] To improve inland waterways in Nigeria, the Federal Government approved the [12] dredging of the Orashi River from Oguta Lake in Imo State to Degema in Rivers State.[13] The project which was awarded to Simidia S and I International Company in May 2012 was to be completed in 12 months. The 205 kilometers river was expected to be dredged with a bed width of 40 meters, top width of 70 meters and depth below dredging chart datum of 1.5 meters.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mbajiorgu, C. C.; et al. (2003). "A water quality study of Ulasi river at selected locations" (PDF). 29th WEDC International Conference Towards The Millennium Development Goals: 1. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
  2. ^ Okoro, B.C.; et al. (2014). "River Basins of Imo State for Sustainable Water Resources Management" (PDF). Civil & Environmental Engineering (4.1): 4. Retrieved January 16, 2016.
  3. ^ Cosmas Ahamefule Ahiarakwem; et al. (2012). "Water Quality Monitoring of a Tropical Lake and Associated Rivers: A Case Study of Oguta Lake and Its Tributaries, Niger Delta Basin, Southeastern Nigeria" (PDF). Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri (FUTO), Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering. p. 3. Retrieved January 16, 2016.
  4. ^ a b c Mmom, Prince Chinedu; et al. (2013). "Impact of the 2012 Flood on Water Quality and Rural Livelihood in the Orashi Province of the Niger Delta, Nigeria". Journal of Geography and Geology. 5 (1916–9779): 4. Retrieved January 16, 2016.
  5. ^ a b c "The source of Urashi River". tours.logbaby.com. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
  6. ^ a b c Anazoo, I.J; et al. (2008). "Sanitary Quality of Ulasi River, Okija, Anambra State, Nigeria". Microbiology, Anambra State University of Science and Technology. African Journal of Applied Zoology and Environmental Biology. 7: 1. ISSN 1119-023X. Retrieved May 14, 2016.
  7. ^ a b c "Urashi River- Its Source and Natural Course". www.imoreporters.com. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
  8. ^ "NGO Partners With Imo, Sinks Borehole In 3 Communities". www.channelstv.com. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
  9. ^ a b c Nema Obih (E.Obih-Frank) (2004). "My Father's Village – Excerpts from a Memoir in Progress (New York)" (PDF). www.oralhistory-productions.org. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
  10. ^ Ijeoma, Henry M; et al. (2008). "Urashi Waterfall Ecotourism Development and Cultural Challenges in Dikenafai, Ideato South Local Government Area, Nigeria". Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. African Research Review: An International Multi-Disciplinary Journal, Ethiopia. 7: 4. ISSN 1119-023X. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
  11. ^ "Federal Republic of Nigeria; The Niger Delta Region: Land and People" (PDF). www.nddc.gov.ng. Retrieved May 14, 2016.
  12. ^ "FG To Dredge Orashi River …Votes N8.3bn For Inland Waterways Port". www.thetidenewsonline.com. May 16, 2012.
  13. ^ "FG To Spend N8.3bn On Inland Ports, Dredging Of Rivers". businessandmaritimewestafrica.com. September 10, 2012.
  14. ^ "Nigeria: Orashi River Dredging Progresses Well". www.dredgingtoday.com. May 2012.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orashi_River&oldid=721397305"