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Revision as of 06:35, 2 May 2019

Fediverse logo proposal
Fediverse logo proposal (mono)

The Fediverse (a portmanteau of "federation" and "universe") is the ensemble of federated (i.e. interconnected) servers that are used for web publishing (i.e. social networking, microblogging, macroblogging, or websites) and file hosting. On different servers (instances), users can create so called identities. These identities are able to communicate over the boundaries of the instances because the softwares running on the servers support one or more communication protocols which follow the open standard.[1] As an identity on the fediverse, you are able to post text and other media, or to follow posts by other identities.[2] In some cases, you can even show or share data (video, audio, text and other files) publicly or to a selected group of identities and allow other identities to edit your data (i.e. a calendar or an address book).

History

In 2008, the social network identi.ca was founded by Evan Prodromou. He published the software GNU social under a free license (GNU Affero General Public License, AGPL). Besides the server, identi.ca, there were only few other instances existing, run by persons for their own use. This changed in 2011/2012 when identi.ca switched to another software called pump.io. Several new GNU social instances were created. At the same time as GNU social, other projects like Friendica, Hubzilla,[3] Mastodon and Pleroma[4] integrated the OStatus protocol, thus extending the fediverse.

In the meantime, other communication protocols have evolved which are integrated to different degrees into the platforms. In January 2018, the W3C presented the ActivityPub protocol, aiming to improve the interoperability between the platforms. As of August 2018, this protocol is supported by thirteen platforms (see the table below).

Communication protocols used in the fediverse

These communication protocols which follow the open standard are used in the fediverse:

Fediverse software platforms

The software spanning the fediverse are all free. Some of them vaguely resemble Twitter in style (for example, Mastodon, Misskey[8], GNU social, and Pleroma[4], which are similar in their microblogging function), while others include more communication and transaction options that are instead comparable to Google+ or Facebook (such as is the case with Friendica and Hubzilla).

The following software platforms span the fediverse by using the listed communication protocols:

Platform Name Type ActivityPub DFRN Diaspora
Network 		OStatus Zot
Zot/6
Aardwolf Social network Yes No No No No
Anfora Image hosting In progress [9] No No No No
diaspora* software Social network, Microblogging Proposed [10] [11] No Yes No No
distbin Pastebin Yes No No No No
Friendica
(f. Friendika; orig. Mistpark) 		Social network, Microblogging Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Funkwhale Audio, sound hosting Yes No No No No
GNU MediaGoblin file, image, audio, video hosting Proposed [12] No No No No
GNU social
(f. StatusNet; orig. Laconica) 		Microblogging Proposed [13] [14] No No Yes No
Hubzilla
(f. RedMatrix; orig. Friendica-Red) 		CMS, Social network, Microblogging, Wiki, Blogging, Image gallery, File hosting Yes No Yes Yes [3] Zot
Littr.me Link-sharing Yes No No No No
Mastodon Microblogging Yes [15] No No Yes No
microblog.pub Microblogging Yes No No No No
Misskey[8] Social network, Microblogging Yes No No No No
Nextcloud File hosting Yes [16] No No No No
Numaverse Microblogging, ETH blockchain Yes No No No No
Osada Social network, Microblogging Yes No No No Zot/6
PeerPx Image hosting Yes No No No No
PeerTube Video hosting Yes No No No No
PixelFed Image hosting Yes [17] No No No No
Pleroma Microblogging Yes No No Yes [4] No
Plume[18] Blogging Yes No No No No
postActiv Microblogging Proposed [19] No No Yes No
Prismo Link-sharing Yes No No No No
Pubcast (f. Metapods) Netcasting Yes No No No No
pump.io Microblogging Proposed [20] No No Dropped [21] No
Read.as Feed reader Yes [22] No No No No
Socialhome Website, Social network, Microblogging In progress [23] No Yes No Proposed [24]
Write.as / Write Freely Blogging Yes No No No No
Zap Social network, Macroblogging No No No No Zot/6

Actual spreading

The statistic service the-federation.info states for the March 31, 2019 following data about the fediverse. The statistics do not reflect the whole fediverse. [25]

  • Number of instances (servers): 4,412
  • Number of identities: 2,864,028
  • Number of posts: 247,818,201
  • Number of comments: 11,357,565

See also

References

  1. ^ "Mastodon User Guide". Archived from the original on 2017-04-09. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "What on Earth is the fediverse and why does it matter?".
  3. ^ a b framagit.org/hubzilla/. "gnusoc · master · hubzilla / addons". Retrieved 2018-07-17.
  4. ^ a b c pleroma.social. "Pleroma". Retrieved 2018-07-17.
  5. ^ github.com/friendica/. "DFRN2" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  6. ^ Mike Macgirvin. "Zot/6". Retrieved 2018-09-14.
  7. ^ project.hubzilla.org. "Zot Protocol". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  8. ^ a b misskey.io. "Misskey". Retrieved 2019-05-02.
  9. ^ Anfora. "Implement mastodon API endpoints #23". Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  10. ^ diaspora*. "Support ActivityPub #7422". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  11. ^ diaspora*. "Let's talk about ActivityPub". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  12. ^ GNU MediaGoblin. "Move federation code to ActivityPub spec #5503". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  13. ^ GNU social. "Support ActivityPub #256". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  14. ^ GNU social. "Plugin". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  15. ^ Mastodon. "ActivityPub support #1557". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  16. ^ Nextcloud. "Nextcloud introduces social features, joins the fediverse". Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  17. ^ PixelFed. "Pixelfed federates now". Retrieved 2018-12-31.
  18. ^ joinplu.me. "Plume". Retrieved 2019-05-02.
  19. ^ postActiv. "ActivityPub support #97". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  20. ^ pump.io. "ActivityPub support #1241". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  21. ^ pump.io. "OStatus #8". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
  22. ^ Read.as. "Long-form ActivityPub-enabled reader". Retrieved 2018-08-29.
  23. ^ Socialhome. "Federation - ActivityPub support is work in progress". Retrieved 2018-09-16.
  24. ^ Jason Robinson (May 19, 2018). "Implementing Zot".
  25. ^ the-federation.info. "The Federation - Welcome to the new social web". Retrieved 2018-08-18.
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