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{{wiktionary}}
'''Geier''' is a [[German language|German]] word for a vulture. Geier is also a notable [[surname]] and less frequently is seen as a [[place name]].


'''Geier''' is a [[German language|German]] word for a [[vulture]] and a German surname.
==Usages and Meanings of Geier==
The disputed [[etymological]] origins of the [[word]] ''Geier'' have confounded [[ornithological]] usage of the term in [[poetry]], [[literature]], [[biblical]] scholarship, and English-language [[dictionary]] and [[encyclopedia]] entries, while spawning several literary and philological misunderstandings and controversies. The [[surname]] Geier also has different and somewhat inconsistent origins, traditions and meanings, and the [[heraldry]] associated with the surname likewise is confused.


Geier may refer to:
==Ornithological Meanings of "Geier"==


==People==
The modern German term Geier is generally recognized as referring to two distinct families of carrion-eating [[bird]] whose range includes the whole of [[Europe]] and the western part of [[Asia]]. Geier refers both to birds from the [[genus]] [[Old World vulture]] (Aegypiinae) and the [[family]] [[New World vulture]] (Cathartidae).
*Florian Geier, commonly known as [[Florian Geyer]], a Franconian nobleman who sided with the peasants in the Peasants War in the early 16th century and led the ill-fated Black Company
*[[Phil Geier]], aka "Little Phil", an American professional baseball player between 1896 and 1904
*Alexis Geier, the plaintiff in the case [[Geier v. American Honda Company]]
*[[Rita Sanders Geier]], the plaintiff of Sanders v. Ellington, 288 F. Supp. 937 (M. D. Tenn. 1968), an African American teacher at the-then [[Tennessee State College]] who sued to compel the State of Tennessee to end its ''de facto'' operation of a dual post-secondary education system for white and non-white students
*[[John Geier]]
*[[Mark Geier]]
*[[Oscar Geier]]
*[[Philip Geier]]
*[[Sofia Landon Geier]]
*Helmut Josef Geier, known as [[DJ Hell]]
*The Geier Indians, a group of late 17th century Native Americans who spoke the [[Coahuilteco language]]


==Places==
In English usage, the word Geier has been associated with both the [[Gyrfalcon]] and the [[Lammergeier]] although neither is synonymous with “Geier”. For example, "gyrfalcon" is thought to come from French ''gerfaucon'', which is written in mediaeval Latin as ''gyrofalco'', but the first part of the word also is said to come from Old High German ''gîr'' (now ''Geier''), as in "vulture". *[http://www.avianweb.com/gyrfalcons.html] The modifier, "Gyr", “Gier” or "Geier" preceding the word "falcon" is now thought to be a reference to the large size of the bird rather than to its genus or family *[http://worldanimalfoundation.homestead.com/AdoptAFalcon.html], but it has not always been so regarded.
*[[Mount Geier]]


==Fiction==
Earlier inaccurate and misleading conflations of these disparate terms resulted from reliance on imprecise Biblical translations and metaphorical impressions rather than on direct anatomical or behavioral observations of the bird species themselves. In the [[King James Version]] of the [[Bible]], in [[Leviticus]] xi, 13; [[Deuteronomy]] xiv, 17), the term "Gyrfalcon" referred to an unclean bird, most likely an [[Egyptian vulture]], rather than to the modern [[Gyrfalcon]], and did not refer to a [[falcon]] or an [[eagle]]. These Biblical references to "Gyrfalcon" (or sometimes "Gierfalcon") probably were a misinterpretation of a Hebrew term more properly translated either as [[Egyptian vulture]] or [[Lammergeier]], the latter also known as the "lamb-vulture" or the "bone-breaker vulture", or historically as the "bone crusher" or [[Ossifrage]]).
*''Der Geier'' (in English ''[[The Vulture (Kafka)]]''), a short story by Franz Kafka
*[[List of Bones characters#Marcus Geier]], a character in the television show Bones


===Naval===
This [[etymological]] confusion has produced [[taxonomic]] confusion, as well. Some authorities actually proclaimed uncertainty whether the Geier is a [[vulture]] or an [[eagle]], and older dictionaries used the terms “Geier”, “Gyrfalcon” and “Lammergeier”, almost interchangeably, e.g. Webster's 1913 Dictionary [http://72.14.253.104/search?q=cache:ZJXlYZZ17scJ:everything2.net/index.pl%3Fnode_id%3D246034+gyrfalcon+leviticus&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=7).htm]).
*''[[Geier (freighter)]]'', 1916–1917, a captured British freighter named St. Theodore, which was scuttled by the Germans near the end of World War I
Poets and others often assumed that the term '''Geier''' refers to a form of eagle or falcon, rather than a vulture, a matter that was commented upon in the article by Harriet C. Stanton, ''Poets and Birds: a Criticism'', The Atlantic monthly. / Volume 52, Issue 311, September 1883. *[http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/pageviewer?ammem/coll=moa&root=/moa/atla/atla0052/&tif=00336.TIF&view=50&frames=]
*''[[SMS Geier]]'', a German sloop which put into the then-neutral United States port at Honolulu, Hawaii, at the onset of World War I, but was seized by a crew from the United States cruiser USS St. Louis upon the United States' entering the war
Even some encyclopedia writers adopted the view that the [[Lammergeier]] "is more closely allied with the eagles than with the vultures", as in the 11th Edition of [[Encyclopædia Britannica]]. *[http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/KRO_LAP/LAMMERGEYER_Ger_Lammergeier_Lam.html]
*''[[Geier (patrol boat)]]'', a German patrol boat carrying a crew of 40, currently in the 7th Fast Patrol Boat (FPB) Squadron and scheduled to be sold to the Tunisian Navy

*The ''FRG Geier'', a [[List of ship decommissionings in 1976|ship decommissioned in 1976]], sold to Greece, and renamed ''Tyfon''
Taxonomic confusion may have resulted from the physical appearance of the [[Lammergeier]]. Because the head of the [[Lammergeier]], unlike most other vultures, is feathered rather than naked, it bears a resemblance to the [[eagle]] or [[condor]]. “Gyrfalcon” is also sometimes rendered as "Geir eagle", as in *[http://www.answers.com/topic/gier-eagle.htm]), although in modern usage a [[Gyrfalcon]] is a member of the [[falcon]] family and is not an [[eagle]]. The [[Indian Vulture]], another true vulture species recently recategorized as critically endangered, also was described as having a distinctly "eagle-like bearing" in contrast to most other vulture species [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=31029&m=0].
*Geier, the nickname for an experimental [[List of World War II torpedoes of Germany|German World War II torpedo]]

The modern taxonomic distinction between the families of [[eagle]]s or [[falcon]]s and the families of [[vultures]] should eliminate any uncertainty over the respective meanings of the term ''Geier''. The Egyptian vulture (''Neophron percnopterus'') and the Lammergeier (''Gypaetus barbatus'') are true carrion-eating vultures. The term "Geier" should not be applied to the modern [[Gyrfalcon]] (''Falco rusticolus''); the Gyrfalcon is a distinct species of [[falcon]] (the largest of the falcon family), and is not a vulture.

=="Geier" as a Surname==

Geier is a common [[surname]] in [[Germany]] and somewhat less common among [[German-American]] people. It is also found as a [[France|French]] surname, and as [[Russia]]n surname. The latter probably is associated with German emigration to Russia in the 17th and 18th centuries. The surname Geier is often considered to be interchangeable with [[Geyer]], although some sources ascribe a different origin and meaning to the two surnames. German migrants to English speaking countries often Anglicise Geier as Geyer, though this change has become less common in recent years. Similarly, Geier has often been mistakenly changed to Geyer, and vice-versa in legal papers such as birth certificates and migration documents, especially in areas where the name is uncommon, or one version is vastly prevalent.

Many using the surname ''Geier'' share an oral history attributing its origins to a heroic band of peasant villagers who climbed high to an aerie and clubbed to death a gigantic raptor (a ''Geier'') who had been stealing and eating human babies from their village. See [[German family name etymology]]

As with the surname "Geier", the surname "Geyer" is primarily associated with the word "vulture". This is often used in a pejorative sense, however (as in "nickname for a greedy or rapacious person, from Middle High and Middle Low German ''gir(e)'' as in ‘large bird of prey’, ‘vulture’"). When affixed to a [[Jewish]] family, the surname "Geier" is thought by some to have a slightly different meaning. The [[Yiddish]] word ''Geyer'' means "peddler", and it is assumed that when last names became mandatory in Europe, the surname Geier was imposed upon Jewish peasants as a deprecatory label connoting a scheming merchant who takes advantage of the cupidity of others, i.e., a "vulture"[http://www.ancestry.com/learn/facts/Fact.aspx?fid=10&yr=0&ln=Geier]. The word "Geier" more recently has evolved as a "derogatory term for persons from the Middle East."[http://www.search.com/reference/List_of_ethnic_slurs]

A significant number of [[African American]] people with the surname Geier are found in [[Washington D.C.]] and across the [[Southern United States|Southern States]], the [[Europe]]an antecedents of which are unknown. As with the surnames of many African American families (See Dunaway, Wilma A., The African American Family in Slavery and Emancipation (Cambridge University Press, 2003), pp. 259–60), it is likely that the names were adopted from a European American slaveowner by the name of "Geier", but none has been identified to date.

==Coats of Arms==

The etymological confusion associated with ornithological use of the term "Geier" also has affected family [[coats of arms]] and traditions concerning [[family]] [[Genealogy|origin]]s of those bearing the '''Geier''' surname. Some [[oral tradition]]s and [[family histories]] associate the Geier surname with the eagle (as in the "Eagle's Nest" coat of arms) and with a peasant [[legend]] concerning a baby-stealing [[bird of prey]] in a [[medieval]] [[Swabia]]n or [[Saxony|Saxon]] [[village]]. *[[German family name etymology]]. Others associate the surname with the carrion-eating, bone-crushing variety of vulture. *[http://www.houseofnames.com/xq/asp.familycrest_details/s.Geier/Geier_family_Crest/Geier_coat_of_arms/qx/Geier.htm].
See also *[http://www.ngw.nl/int/oos/h/hofp.html]. In modern times, it is not unusual for the vulture in family coats of arms or [[logos]] to be rendered as a [[comedy|comical]] [[caricature]] of a slumping and sad-sack [[buzzard]] rather than a [[lammergeier]] or [[gyrfalcon]] with "the bearing of an [[eagle]]."[http://summa.physik.hu-berlin.de/~alsg/index.html]

==Place name==
The word '''Geier''' spelled "[[Geyer]]" is a place name for a village in [[Saxony]] by that name. An [[Austria]]n town known as [[Geiersberg im Innkreis]] follows the preferred spelling of Geier and sometimes is associated with the place of origin of the [[surname]] Geier, as well. The castle of [[Florian Geier]], in [[Giebelstadt]][http://www.thirdreichruins.com/thingplatz.htm] has been used to stage dramas commemorating its famous first occupant, but has not otherwise conferred place name recognition on the [[Swabia]]n region south of [[Würzburg]] where it is located.

==Literary History"==

The ornithological and etymological confusions posed by the name or word "Geier" have led to some interesting and sometimes comical confusions in literary uses of the term, as well.

====Walter Scott====
The setting of the romantic novel by [[Walter Scott]], ''[[Anne of Geierstein]]'', or ''The Maiden Of The Mist'', *[http://arthurwendover.com/arthurs/scott/annger10.html] set in [[Saxony]], is more likely the [[Swiss]] mountain known as "Geierstein", rather than the Saxon village [[Geyer]] typically associated with the origins of the name Geier or Geyer. The Austrian town of Geiersberg im Innkreis bears a similar name, but most of the novel takes place in [[Switzerland]] rather than Austria.

====Sigmund Freud====
A celebrated episode in the history of [[psychoanalytic theory]] has been attributed to [[Sigmund Freud]]'s misreading of the [[Italian language|Italian]] word for "kite" as "vulture", mistranslating it as the German word "Geier" and building upon it a somewhat pornographic interpretation of one of [[Leonardo Da Vinci]]'s dreams [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8005767&dopt=Abstract].<ref>Coco, J.M. (2002). Freud, Leonardo Da Vinci, and The Vulture's Tail: A Refreshing Look At Leonardo's Sexuality. J. Amer. Psychoanal. Assn., 50:1375-1383</ref>

====Florian Geier====
The most common references to the word Geier in literary history have been associated with [[Florian Geyer]], also known as Florian Geier, as discussed in the next section. Aside from his prominent place in [[Frederick Engels]], ''[[The Peasant War in Germany]]'' (1850), Florian Geier was also the problematic hero of one of [[Gerhart Hauptmann]]'s major plays, the historical drama entitled ''Florian Geyer'', also known as ''Florian Geier'', published in 1896. The German folk anthem, ''"Wir sind des Geyers schwarzer Haufen" ("We are the Black Band of Geyer")'' is now a radical union hymn in the United States and Australia. *II[http://unionsong.com/u079.html]

====Franz Kafka====
[[Kafka]]'s tale "Der Geier", in English [[The Vulture (Kafka)|"The Vulture"]], may derive symbolic meaning from many of these connotations. It was published after Freud's 1910 publication on Leonardo and the vulture, but before the 1926 revelation that Leonardo's dream had been mistranslated in Freud's interpretation.

====Friedrich Nietzsche and Richard Wagner====
The German philosopher, [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], famously suggested that the archetypically Aryan and anti-Semitic composer, [[Richard Wagner]], was of Jewish ancestry, and Wagner himself may have believed this. In a footnote to his essay, ''Der Fall Wagner'', entitled ''Nachtschrift'', published as a foreword to Wagner's autobiography, Nietzsche made the comment, "Ein Geyer ist beinahe schon ein Adler" ("A vulture is almost an eagle"), essentially asserting that Wagner's biological father was actually his mother's second husband, the presumptively Jewish actor and playwright, [[Ludwig Geyer]], rather than his putative and presumptively Aryan father, [[Carl Wagner|Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Wagner]]. This example of the Jewish connotations of the name in its alternate spelling as ''Geyer'' is discussed by Roger Hollinrake in ''The Title-Page of Wagner's 'Mein Leben','' published in Music & Letters, Vol. 51, No. 4 (Oct., 1970), pp.&nbsp;415–422. See also Silk, M.S. & [[Stern, J. P.]], ''Nietzsche on Tragedy'' (Cambridge University Press, 1981), p.&nbsp;202.

====William Butler Yeats====
The famous opening lines of [[William Butler Yeats]]' Poem ''[[The Second Coming (poem)|The Second Coming]]'' (1921)
::"Turning and turning in the widening gyre
::The falcon cannot hear the falconer;
::Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;
::Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world...."
should not be associated with the word '''Geier''', despite the images of falconry included in the verse. In this context, as in his posthumously published poem, ''The Gyres'', the term "gyre" refers to Yeats' geometric conception of time and history as represented by concentric vortices or spirals, such as those inscribed by a circling bird, rather than to the [[Old High German]] root for the first sylable of "Gyrfalcon", gîr (= modern German Geier)[http://www.yeatsvision.com/Geometry.htm].

==Notable Persons and Usages of “Geier”==
===Florian Geier===
[[Image:FlorianGeyer2.jpg|thumb|Florian Geier, 1894.]]
The most notorious historical personage bearing the name '''Geier''' was [[Florian Geier]], commonly known as [[Florian Geyer]], a [[Franconia]]n nobleman who sided with the peasants in the [[Peasants War]] in the early 16th century and led the ill-fated [[Black Company]] of song and fable. See [[Friedrich Engels]], [[The Peasant War in Germany]], passim. Several generations of the family of Florian Geyer lived in the village of Giebelstadt, where the Geyer castle is located, but the family is thought to have died off and become extinct in the early 18th century. The heraldic coat of arms of the Geyer family in Giebelstadt was not a vulture or an eagle; instead, it originally was a horse, and later became a ram in the latter part of the 17th century. See N. Shmitt, ''A Short Giebelstadt History'' (2000)[http://www.dashingdackels.com/AshorthistoryofGieb.htm]

===Baseball: Phil Geier===
One professional baseball player bearing the Geier surname is recorded--[[Phil Geier]], aka "Little Phil", who played for several major league teams between 1896 and 1904 and won the [[American Association (20th century)|American Association]] [[batting title]] in 1903. *[http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/G/Geier_Phil.stm]; *[http://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Phil_Geier].

===Legal history===
Two significant cases in [[United States]] [[jurisprudence]] have involved litigants with the name "Geier". In one of these, ''Geier v. American Honda Motor Co.'' (98-1811) 529 U.S. 861 (2000) *[http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/98-1811.ZO.html], the [[United States Supreme Court]] held that the [[Federal government of the United States|federal]] legislation requiring [[Automobile safety|passive restraints]] in [[motor vehicles]] sold in the United States pre-empted state [[tort law]]. The plaintiff was a child named [[Alexis Geier]] who had been seriously injured in an accident while riding with her parents in a Honda passenger vehicle equipped with [[seat belt]]s but not [[airbag]]s. The Supreme Court held that Ms. Geier could not sue [[Honda]] for failing to install [[airbags]] in a vehicle sold in 1987 because at that time, only [[seatbelts]] were required by federal law.

The other case, commonly known as the "''Geier Case''", involved an [[African American]] teacher named [[Rita Sanders]] at what was then [[Tennessee State College]], now the [[Tennessee State University]], who sued on behalf of herself and others in a [[class action]] to compel the State of [[Tennessee]] to end its de facto operation of a dual post-secondary education system for white and non-white students. This litigation was initiated by Ms. Sanders in 1968. Ms. Sanders later married and became known as [[Rita Sanders Geier]]. The case had a tortuous history as the United States Government and a number of other plaintiffs joined in support of her position, and involved at least a dozen reported appellate court decisions, including ''Geier v. Sundquist,'' 94 F.3d 644 (6th Cir. 1996); ''Geier v. Richardson,'' 871 F. 2d 1310 (6th Cir. 1989); ''Geier v. Alexander,'' 801 F.2d 799 (6th Cir. 1986); ''Geier v. Alexander,'' 593 F. Supp. 1263 (M.D. Tenn. 1984); ''Geier v. University of Tennessee,'' 597 F.2d 1056 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 886 (1979); Geier v. Blanton, 427 F. Supp. 644 (M.D. Tenn. 1977); ''Geier v. Dunn,'' 337 F. Supp. 573 (M.D. Tenn. 1972); and ''Sanders v. Ellington,'' 288 F. Supp. 937 (M.D. Tenn. 1968). The case was "resolved" 38 years later by a consent decree or settlement agreement in 2001, which imposed a 5-year period for implementation of various programmatic measures (colloquially known as [[Geier programs]]) to unwind 200 years of segregation and discrimination in the system of public higher education in Tennessee. *[http://www.tbr.state.tn.us/general_counsel/consent_decree_summary.htm] The final confirmation of the Consent Decree was approved in September 2006. As stated in the Joint Statement in Support of the Consent Decree, "The Geier case stands first in terms of time and precedent in a line of cases devoted to the removal of a variety of vestiges of segregation from systems of public higher education." *[http://www.tbr.state.tn.us/general_counsel/Geier%20Dismissal/Joint%20Statement%20in%20Support%20of%20Final%20Order%20of%20Dismissal.pdf#search=%22Geier%20v.%20Sundquist%22]

===Ship Names===
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 134-C0105, SMS "Geier", Kleiner Kreuzer.jpg|thumb|SMS Geier, 1894]]
[[Image:Schnellboote Albatros-Klasse.jpg|thumb|left|Albatross class S63 'Geier', 2005]]
Several [[ships]] of German registry have borne the name Geier. These included:

#The '''Geier''', 1916–1917, a captured British freighter named St. Theodore, which was scuttled by the Germans near the end of World War I. [http://www.german-navy.de/hochseeflotte/ships/auxcruiser/geier/index.html].
#The '''SMS Geier''', a German sloop which put into the then-neutral United States port at [[Honolulu, Hawaii]], at the onset of [[World War I]], but was seized by a crew from the United States cruiser [[USS St. Louis (C-20)|USS St. Louis]] upon the United States' entering the war, and after a protracted international legal dispute, re-commissioned in the [[United States Navy]] as the USS Carl Schurz and eventually sunk following a collision off the coast of North Carolina. [http://freepages.military.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cacunithistories/USS_St_Louis.html]
#The '''Geier''', a German patrol boat carrying a crew of 40, currently in the 7th Fast Patrol Boat (FPB) Squadron and scheduled to be sold to the Tunisian Navy. [http://forsvaret.dk/LoyalMariner05/eng/News/2005-04-25fpb.htm]

===Other Usages===
'''Hols der Geier Card Game''':The word '''Geier''' is associated with the German card game "Hols der Geier" (literally "Vulture take it!" or "Confound it!" *[http://files.boardgamegeek.com/viewfile.php3?fileid=164].

'''Geier Hitch''': The name '''Geier''' is also associated with a notorious and arguably inhumane method of [[animal husbandry]] known as the [[Geier Hitch]]. See *[[Geier Hitch.htm]]
'''Geier Indians''': A small group of [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]] known as the '''Geiers''' is supposed to have been encamped "under the name Papuliquier, which is a fusion of two group names, Pacpul and Geier" in the years 1675-1707 in Frio County, Texas. See Campbell, ''The Geier Indians'', in The Handbook of Texas Online. *[http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/GG/bmg3.html]
The origins of the tribal label "Geier" are obscure if not apocryphal. In this context, the word "Geier" may be a mistranscription of the Spanish word ''Quier'' (a form of Eng. ''want''), or it may be a mistranscription or transliteration of the Spanish word ''Guiar'' (Sp. for "guide" or "lead"), rather than an accurate phonetic rendition of the tribal name from its own language.

'''Geier''' is also the name of a '''bakery chain''' in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]].

===Prominent Authors with the Surname Geier===

*Albert J. Geier, ''Exploring Basic Accounting''.
*Alfred Geier, ''Plato's Erotic Thought: The Tree of the Unknown''.
*Arnold Geier, ''Life insurance: how to get your money's worth''.
*Arnold Geier (Preface by), T. G. Friedman (Illustrator), Abraham H. Foxman (Introduction by), ''Heroes of the Holocaust''.
*Bonnie Geier, ''But I Never Said I'd Be a Farmer!: I Said, "You Could Be a Farmer, But I Never Said I'd Be a Farmer!" ''
*Catherine Geier, Carol Brown, ''Cafe Flora Cookbook''.
*Cathy Geier, ''Watercolor Landscape Quilts: Quick No-Fuss Fold & Sew Technique''
*Clarence R. Geier, ''The Kimberlin Site : The Ecology of a Late Woodland Population''
*Clarence R. Geier (Editor), Stephen R. Potter (Editor), Jim Lehrer (Foreword by), ''Archaeological, Perspectives on the American Civil War''.
*Clarence R. Geier (Editor), Susan E. Winter (Editor), ''Look to the Earth: Historical Archaeology and the American Civil War''.
*David Geier, John Bothwell, ''Score! Power Up Your Game, Business and Life by Harnessing the Power of Emotional Intelligence''.
*Florian Geier, Jens Timmer, Christian Fleck, ''Reconstructing Gene-Regulatory Networks from Time Series, Knock-Out Data, and Prior Knowledge.''
*Frederic M Geier, ''Individual Differences in Emotionality,: Hypothesis Formation, Vicarious Trial and Error, and Visual Discrimination Learning in Rats''.
*Gabriele Geier, ''Food Security Policy in Africa Between Disaster Relief and Structural Adjustment: Reflections on the Conception and Effectiveness of Policies the case of Tanzania''.
*Hans T. Geier, ''Economic aspects of federal livestock grazing policy: A regional economic analysis for the Okanogan-Ferry area in Washington''.
*Hans T. Geier, ''Community and economic profile for the villages of Grayling, Anvik, Shageluk, and Holy Cross.''
*Hans T. Geier, ''Feasibility study of irrigation in Alaska''.
*James T. Geier, Eric Geier, ''Geeks on Call''.
*James T. Geier, Eric Geier, ''Wireless Networking: 5-Minute Fixes''.
*Jim Geier, ''Wireless Networks First-Step''.
*J. E. Geier, ''Water-jet-assisted drag bit cutting in medium-strength rock (SuDoc I 28.27:9164)''
*Joel Geier, ''Vietnam: The Soldier's Revolt, International Socialist Review Issue 9, August-September 2000''
*John G. Geier, Dorothy E. Downey, ''Energetics of Personality: Defining a Self''.
*Karl E. Geier, ''Agricultural Districts and Zoning: A State-Local Approach to a National Problem'', 8 Ecology L.Q. 655 (1980)
*Manfred Geier, ''Das Sprachspiel der Philosophen : von Parmenides bis Wittgenstein''.
*Manfred Geier, ''Kants Welt''.
*Marguerita Geier, ''San Buenaventura: Serra's Last Mission''.
*Martin Geier, ''Music in the Service of the Church: The Funeral Sermon for Heinrich Schutz (1585–1672)''.
*Mary Alice Geier, ''Cancer, What's It Doing in My Life?: A Personal Journal of the First Two Years of Chemotherapy in the Career of a Cancer Patient''.
*Max G. Geier, ''Forest science research and scientific communities in Alaska : a history of the origins and evolution of USDA Forest Service Research in Juneau, Fairbanks, and Anchorage, (Pacific Northwest Research Station)''.
*Max G. Geier, ''Necessary Work: Discovering Old Forests, New Outlooks, and Community on the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 1948-2000''.
*Ted Geier, ''Make Your Events Special: How to Produce Successful Special Events for Nonprofit Organization''.

===Prominent American Persons Named "Geier"===

Well known representatives of the Geier surname include the Geier Glove Company (*[http://www.geierglove.com/]) and the Geier Sausage Company (*[http://www.geiers-sausage.com/about.html]), neither of which have any necessary connection with each other or any other American bearer of the Geier surname.

Another well-known representative of the Geier name was the founder of the [[Cincinnati Milling Machine Company]] (originally the Cincinnati Screw and Tap Company), Frederick V. Geier,*[http://www.libraries.uc.edu/research/subject_resources/business/book_Frederick_Geier_and_CinMill.html] whose company is still controlled by the Geier family (but now known as Cincinnati Milacron, Inc. *[http://www.bmpcoe.org/bestpractices/internal/cinci/summary.html]). This branch of the Geier family has been prominent in [[Cincinnati]] civic and social affairs since the early 20th century, and has endowed the [[Geier Collections and Research Center]] of the [[Museum of Natural History and Science]] in Cincinnati. *[http://www.cincymuseum.org/educators_researchers/researchers/geier_center/.html]. Frederick V. Geier was quoted in a [[Time Magazine]] article on rearmament in 1951. *[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,856983,00.html].
<!--deleted un-sourced nonsense from Casewatch-->

===Geiers in Minnesota===
Two extended families with the surname '''Geier''' are found in Southern and Central Minnesota. The family associated with [[Lynn Township, Minnesota|Lynn Township]] in [[McLeod County, Minnesota|McLeod County]] and with [[Boon Lake Township, Minnesota|Boon Lake Township]] and other parts of [[Renville County, Minnesota|Renville County]] is entirely descended from a single immigrant from [[Woldegk]], [[Germany]], by the name of Ferdinand Theodore Geier, a/k/a Ted Geier, who arrived in Minnesota in 1880 after spending 10 years as a wheelwright and truck farmer in Chicago, Illinois and nearby Cicero, Illinois. The other family, near [[Ortonville, Minnesota|Ortonville]] in [[Big Stone County, Minnesota|Big Stone County]] is unrelated so far as is known. A small contingent of the Renville County Geiers settled for a brief time in [[Badger Township, Minnesota|Badger Township]] in [[Polk County, Minnesota|Polk County]] before scattering to the winds in the latter part of the 20th Century. The current president of the [[Minnesota Medical Association]], G. Richard Geier, Jr., MD, of [[Rochester, Minnesota]], is a native of [[Evansville]], [[Indiana]] and not a member of either of these two Minnesota Geier families.

===Other Persons Named "Geier"===
A number of academics, scholars, musicians and musical groups, businesses and professionals in the United States also bear the name "Geier".


==See also==
==See also==
* [[John Geier]]
*[[Geyer]]
*[[Mark Geier]]
*[[Florian Geier]]
*[[Geier Hitch]]
*[[Black Company]]
*[[:de:Florian Geyer|German Wikipedia site about the knight Florian Geyer in German]]
*[[:de:Geier|German Wikipedia site about the name Geier in German]]
*[[Vulture]]
*[[Gyrfalcon]]
*[[Egyptian vulture]]
*[[Lammergeier]]
*[[German family name etymology]]
*[[Wagner controversies]]


{{Disambig}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Surnames]]
[[Category:Surnames]]

Revision as of 21:48, 25 November 2010

Look up geier in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Geier is a German word for a vulture and a German surname.

Geier may refer to:

People

Places

Fiction

Naval

  • Geier (freighter), 1916–1917, a captured British freighter named St. Theodore, which was scuttled by the Germans near the end of World War I
  • SMS Geier, a German sloop which put into the then-neutral United States port at Honolulu, Hawaii, at the onset of World War I, but was seized by a crew from the United States cruiser USS St. Louis upon the United States' entering the war
  • Geier (patrol boat), a German patrol boat carrying a crew of 40, currently in the 7th Fast Patrol Boat (FPB) Squadron and scheduled to be sold to the Tunisian Navy
  • The FRG Geier, a ship decommissioned in 1976, sold to Greece, and renamed Tyfon
  • Geier, the nickname for an experimental German World War II torpedo

See also

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geier&oldid=398865024"