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{{short description|Title used by certain communities in Tamil Nadu}} |
{{short description|Title used by certain communities in Tamil Nadu}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} |
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'''Gounder''' is a title used by various communities in the [[Indian state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-21/chennai/28179309_1_poll-observers-assembly-polls-poll-eve | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104013919/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-21/chennai/28179309_1_poll-observers-assembly-polls-poll-eve | url-status=dead | archive-date=4 November 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Gounder consolidation could pose headache to major parties |date=21 May 2009 }}</ref> It may refer to communities such as the , [[Kongu Vellalar]]s, [[Kurumba Gounder|Kurumbas]], [[Thuluva Vellala|Tuluva Vellalars]],<ref>{{Citation |title=Dusi (North Arcot District) |date=2013-10-15 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315888736-9 |work=Econ Dev Village India Ils 59 |pages=32–39 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-315-88873-6 |access-date=2022-07-22}}</ref> Urali Gounders,<ref>{{Cite book |first=Harold |last=Evans |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/999370982 |title=They made America : From the steam engine to the search engine. |isbn=0-316-27766-5 |oclc=999370982}}</ref> [[Vanniyars]], Vettuvars and [[Vokkaliga]]s.<ref>{{Cite thesis |title=Analysis of Y-chromosome Diversity in Lingayat and Vokkaliga Populations of Southern India |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.25148/etd.fi11072506 |publisher=Florida International University |first=Shilpa |last=Chennakrishnaiah}}</ref> |
'''Gounder''' is a title used by various communities in the [[Indian state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-21/chennai/28179309_1_poll-observers-assembly-polls-poll-eve | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104013919/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-21/chennai/28179309_1_poll-observers-assembly-polls-poll-eve | url-status=dead | archive-date=4 November 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Gounder consolidation could pose headache to major parties |date=21 May 2009 }}</ref> It may refer to communities such as the , [[Kongu Vellalar]]s, [[Kurumba Gounder|Kurumbas]], [[Thuluva Vellala|Tuluva Vellalars]],<ref>{{Citation |title=Dusi (North Arcot District) |date=2013-10-15 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315888736-9 |work=Econ Dev Village India Ils 59 |pages=32–39 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-315-88873-6 |access-date=2022-07-22}}</ref> [[:ta:Urali_Gounder|Urali Gounders]],<ref>{{Cite book |first=Harold |last=Evans |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/999370982 |title=They made America : From the steam engine to the search engine. |isbn=0-316-27766-5 |oclc=999370982}}</ref> [[Vanniyars]], Vettuvars and [[Vokkaliga]]s.<ref>{{Cite thesis |title=Analysis of Y-chromosome Diversity in Lingayat and Vokkaliga Populations of Southern India |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.25148/etd.fi11072506 |publisher=Florida International University |first=Shilpa |last=Chennakrishnaiah}}</ref> |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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Revision as of 18:28, 18 March 2023
Gounder is a title used by various communities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.[1] It may refer to communities such as the , Kongu Vellalars, Kurumbas, Tuluva Vellalars,[2] Urali Gounders,[3] Vanniyars, Vettuvars and Vokkaligas.[4]
Etymology
There are number of derivations for the title. One theory derives it from the Tamil word Kaamindan, meaning "noble protector of the country", later modified as Kavundan or Gounder.[5]
According to S. N. Sadasivan the Tamil Kavundans or Goundans branched off from the Vokkaligas and both might have a common origin from the Kuruba.[6]
History
During the British Raj era, some Gounders migrated to Malayan rubber plantations as Kanganis to manage the coolies.[7]
References
- ^ "Gounder consolidation could pose headache to major parties". The Times of India. 21 May 2009. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012.
- ^ "Dusi (North Arcot District)", Econ Dev Village India Ils 59, Routledge, pp. 32–39, 15 October 2013, ISBN 978-1-315-88873-6, retrieved 22 July 2022
- ^ Evans, Harold. They made America : From the steam engine to the search engine. ISBN 0-316-27766-5. OCLC 999370982.
- ^ Chennakrishnaiah, Shilpa. Analysis of Y-chromosome Diversity in Lingayat and Vokkaliga Populations of Southern India (Thesis). Florida International University.
- ^ Madhvan, Karthik (2 August 2008). "Steeped in history". Frontline. Chennai, India: The Hindu Group. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2011.
- ^ Sadasivan, S. N (2000). A social history of India. New Delhi, India: APH Pub. Corp. p. 254. ISBN 9788176481700.:”In all probability the Tamil Kavandans or Goundans might have branched of from them and both might be descendants of Kurumbas of yore.”
- ^ Basu, Raj Sekhar (2011). Nandanar's Children: The Paraiyans' Tryst with Destiny, Tamil Nadu 1850 - 1956. SAGE. p. 137. ISBN 978-81-321-0679-1.
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