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{{Short description|1826 battle between Sikhs and Afghans}}
{{orphan|date=April 2023}}

⚫
The Battle of Akora was fought between the [[Sikh Empire]] and Afghans under [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Qadir |first=Altaf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hRlBDwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Sayyid Ahmad Barailvi: His Movement and Legacy from the Pukhtun Perspective |date=2014-12-31 |publisher=SAGE Publishing India |isbn=978-93-5150-486-3 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Rishi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EPCICwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PT111&dq=Battle+of+akora+1826&hl=en |title=State Formation and the Establishment of Non-Muslim Hegemony: Post-Mughal 19th-century Punjab |date=2014-12-31 |publisher=SAGE Publications India |isbn=978-93-5150-504-4 |language=en}}</ref> Sayyid was supported by local [[Yusufzai|Yousafzai]] and [[Khattak]] Pashtuns led by Khadi Khan. The Sikhs repulsed the attack and the Ghazis retreated from the battlefield but Budh Singh did not pursue them after victory.<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) |pages=161 |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2-0IAQAAIAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Perspective |date=1970 |publisher=Pakistan Publications. |pages=6 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rashid |first=Haroon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gOFtAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=History of the Pathans: The Sarabani Pathans |date=2002 |publisher=Haroon Rashid |pages=267 |language=en}}</ref>


{{Infobox military conflict
{{Infobox military conflict
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| map_label =
| map_label =
| territory =
| territory =
| result = Sikh Victory<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) |pages=161 |language=en}}</ref>
| result = Afghan Victory<ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Encyclopaedia_of_Muslim_Biography_I_M/qVtuAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=battle%20of%20akora%201826</ref><ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/The_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam/DXcRAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=battle+of+akora+1826&dq=battle+of+akora+1826&printsec=frontcover</ref><ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/History_of_the_Pathans_The_Sarabani_Path/gOFtAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=battle%20of%20akora%201826</ref><ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Peshawar/9yduAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=battle%20of%20akora%201826</ref>
| status =
| status =
| combatant1 = [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|24px]][[Sikh Empire]]
| combatant1 = [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|24px]][[Sikh Empire]]
| combatant2 = [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]]
| combatant2 = [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]]
| commander1 = [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|24px]][[Budh Singh Sandhanwalia]]<ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Sir_Jadunath_Sarkar_Commemoration_Volume/jGIBAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Budh+Singh+Sandhanwalia+akora&dq=Budh+Singh+Sandhanwalia+akora&printsec=frontcover</ref>
| commander1 = [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|24px]][[Budh Singh Sandhanwalia]]<ref name="google">{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Sir_Jadunath_Sarkar_Commemoration_Volume/jGIBAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Budh+Singh+Sandhanwalia+akora&dq=Budh+Singh+Sandhanwalia+akora&printsec=frontcover|title=Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volumes: Essays presented to Sir Jadunath ... - Google Books|website=google.com.pk|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref>
| commander2 = Sayyid Najaf Khan<ref>https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n173/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Akora</ref><ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Politics_of_Worship_in_the_Contemporary/2ioDQ5q3-osC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Battle+of+akora+1826&pg=PA83&printsec=frontcover</ref><br>Allahbakhsh Khan{{KIA}}<br>Maulvi Baqar Khan{{KIA}}
| commander2 = Sayyid Najaf Khan<ref name="archive">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n173/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Akora|website=archive.org|title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839)|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref><ref name="google2">{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Politics_of_Worship_in_the_Contemporary/2ioDQ5q3-osC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Battle+of+akora+1826&pg=PA83&printsec=frontcover|title=Politics of Worship in the Contemporary Middle East: Sainthood in Fragile States - Google Books|website=google.com.pk|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref><br>Allahbakhsh Khan{{KIA}}<br>Maulvi Baqar Khan{{KIA}}
| units1 =
| units1 =
| units2 =
| units2 =
| strength1 = 4000<ref>https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n173/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Akora</ref><ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/The_Sikh_Reference_Book/mRpuAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Budh+Singh+Sandhanwalia+akora&dq=Budh+Singh+Sandhanwalia+akora&printsec=frontcover</ref>
| strength1 = 4000<ref name="archive">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n173/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Akora|website=archive.org|title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839)|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref><ref name="google3">{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/The_Sikh_Reference_Book/mRpuAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Budh+Singh+Sandhanwalia+akora&dq=Budh+Singh+Sandhanwalia+akora&printsec=frontcover|title=The Sikh Reference Book - Harajindara Siṅgha Dilagīra - Google Books|website=google.com.pk|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref>
| strength2 = unknown
| strength2 = 700<ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Islamic_Studies/58oXAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=battle%20of%20akora%20%20700</ref>
| casualties1 = 500<ref>https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n173/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Akora</ref><ref>https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/The_Voice_of_Islam/ZGYTAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Battle%20of%20akora</ref>
| casualties1 = 500<ref name="archive">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n173/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Akora|website=archive.org|title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839)|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref><ref name="google4">{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/The_Voice_of_Islam/ZGYTAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Battle%20of%20akora|title=The Voice of Islam - Google Books|website=google.com.pk|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref><ref name="google5">{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Muslim_Political_Thought_in_India/9vAkAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Battle%20of%20akora%20700|title=Muslim Political Thought in India - Google Books|website=google.com.pk|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref>
| casualties2 = total 92, commanders Maulvi Baqar Ali and Allahbakhsh Khan<ref>https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n173/mode/2up?view=theater&q=161</ref>
| casualties2 = 36 Hindustanis and 46 Kandharis, commanders Maulvi Baqar Ali and Allahbakhsh Khan<ref name="archive2">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n173/mode/2up?view=theater&q=161|website=archive.org|title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839)|access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref>
| notes =
| notes =
}}
}}
⚫
{{Campaignbox Afghan-Sikh Wars}}

⚫
The '''Battle of Akora''' was fought between the [[Sikh Empire]] and Afghans under [[Syed Ahmad Barelvi]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Qadir |first=Altaf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hRlBDwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Sayyid Ahmad Barailvi: His Movement and Legacy from the Pukhtun Perspective |date=2014-12-31 |publisher=SAGE Publishing India |isbn=978-93-5150-486-3 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Rishi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EPCICwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PT111&dq=Battle+of+akora+1826&hl=en |title=State Formation and the Establishment of Non-Muslim Hegemony: Post-Mughal 19th-century Punjab |date=2014-12-31 |publisher=SAGE Publications India |isbn=978-93-5150-504-4 |language=en}}</ref> Sayyid was supported by local [[Yusufzai|Yousafzai]] and [[Khattak]] Pashtuns led by Khadi Khan. The Sikhs repulsed the attack and the Ghazis retreated from the battlefield but Budh Singh did not pursue them after victory.<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) |pages=161 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2-0IAQAAIAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Perspective |year=1970 |publisher=Pakistan Publications. |pages=6 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rashid |first=Haroon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gOFtAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=History of the Pathans: The Sarabani Pathans |year=2002 |publisher=Haroon Rashid |pages=267 |language=en}}</ref>


= The Battle =
== The Battle ==
[[Akora Khattak|Akora]] was important 18 miles from [[Attock]] over the Indus. Khatak Afghans lived there. Najaf Khan was their leader who fled into the hills when the Sikhs conquered [[Peshawar]]. Budh Singh Sandhanwalia was stationed in Akora with 4,000 troops at this time.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gupta |first=Hari Ram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-1huAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Lion of Lahore, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839 |date=1978 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |isbn=978-81-215-0515-4 |pages=161 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) |pages=161 |language=English}}</ref> The Sayyids gathered his forces for a surprise attack at night. Hindustanis, Kandharis, [[Yusufzai|Yusafzais]], and [[Khattak|Khataks]] comprised the Sayyid's armies. Allahbakhsh Khan led the Ghazis in the early morning of December 21, 1826, when the Sikhs were fast asleep in the bitter cold. Sikhs were slain in the first attack while they slept. Budh Singh instantly organized his men and attacked the Ghazis, and repulsed them who retreated from the battle but Budh Singh did not pursue them after victory. The Sayyid lost 36 Hindustanis and 46 Kandharis, including Patna's Maulvi Baqar Ali and their leader Allahbakhsh Khan, and Sikh lost 500-700 well-equipped Sikhs <ref>{{Cite book |last=Taher |first=Mohamed |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9vAkAQAAIAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Muslim Political Thought in India |date=1998 |publisher=Anmol Publications |isbn=978-81-7488-943-0 |pages=196 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=58oXAAAAIAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Islamic Studies |date=1968 |publisher=Islamic Research Institute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=McQueen |first=Sir John W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z2VuAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Unseen Faces and Untold Cases, Heroes and Villains of Sikh Rule |date=1994 |publisher=Bahri Publications |pages=96 |language=en}}</ref>
[[Akora Khattak|Akora]] was important 18 miles from [[Attock]] over the Indus. Khatak Afghans lived there. Najaf Khan was their leader who fled into the hills when the Sikhs conquered [[Peshawar]]. Budh Singh Sandhanwalia was stationed in Akora with 4,000 troops at this time.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gupta |first=Hari Ram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-1huAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Lion of Lahore, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839 |year=1978 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |isbn=978-81-215-0515-4 |pages=161 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) |pages=161 |language=en}}</ref> The Sayyids gathered his forces for a surprise attack at night. Hindustanis, Kandharis, [[Yusufzai|Yusafzais]], and [[Khattak|Khataks]] comprised the Sayyid's armies. Allahbakhsh Khan led the Ghazis in the early morning of December 21, 1826, when the Sikhs were fast asleep in the bitter cold. Sikhs were slain in the first attack while they slept. Budh Singh instantly organized his men and attacked the Ghazis, and repulsed them who retreated from the battle but Budh Singh did not pursue them after victory. The Sayyid lost 36 Hindustanis and 46 Kandharis, including Patna's Maulvi Baqar Ali and their leader Allahbakhsh Khan, and Sikhs lost 500 men.<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) |pages=161 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Taher |first=Mohamed |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9vAkAQAAIAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Muslim Political Thought in India |year=1998 |publisher=Anmol Publications |isbn=978-81-7488-943-0 |pages=196 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=58oXAAAAIAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Islamic Studies |year=1968 |publisher=Islamic Research Institute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=McQueen |first=Sir John W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z2VuAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Unseen Faces and Untold Cases, Heroes and Villains of Sikh Rule |year=1994 |publisher=Bahri Publications |pages=96 |language=en}}</ref>


= Aftermath =
== Aftermath ==
{{Main|Battle of Balakot}}
{{Main|Battle of Balakot}}


After the defeat, the Sayyids moved to to Sitana, placed on the western side of river Indus at foot of Mahabad mountains. Sitana became their headquarters.<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) |language=English}}</ref> The Sayyid's army attacked the Sikhs at [[Saidu Sharif]] which ultimately led do the [[Battle of Saidu]].
After the defeat, the Sayyids moved to Sitana, placed on the western side of river Indus at foot of Mahabad mountains. Sitana became their headquarters.<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) |language=en}}</ref> The Sayyid's army attacked the Sikhs at [[Saidu Sharif]] which ultimately led do the [[Battle of Saidu]].


= References =
== References ==
⚫
{{Campaignbox Afghan-Sikh Wars}}
<references />
<references />


Revision as of 14:12, 29 April 2023

Battle of Akora
Part of the Afghan-Sikh Wars
Date21 December 1826
Location
Akora
Result Sikh Victory[1]
Belligerents
Sikh Empire Syed Ahmad Barelvi
Commanders and leaders
Budh Singh Sandhanwalia[2] Sayyid Najaf Khan[3][4]
Allahbakhsh Khan †
Maulvi Baqar Khan †
Strength
4000[3][5] unknown
Casualties and losses
500[3][6][7] 36 Hindustanis and 46 Kandharis, commanders Maulvi Baqar Ali and Allahbakhsh Khan[8]

The Battle of Akora was fought between the Sikh Empire and Afghans under Syed Ahmad Barelvi.[9][10] Sayyid was supported by local Yousafzai and Khattak Pashtuns led by Khadi Khan. The Sikhs repulsed the attack and the Ghazis retreated from the battlefield but Budh Singh did not pursue them after victory.[11][12][13]

The Battle

Akora was important 18 miles from Attock over the Indus. Khatak Afghans lived there. Najaf Khan was their leader who fled into the hills when the Sikhs conquered Peshawar. Budh Singh Sandhanwalia was stationed in Akora with 4,000 troops at this time.[14][15] The Sayyids gathered his forces for a surprise attack at night. Hindustanis, Kandharis, Yusafzais, and Khataks comprised the Sayyid's armies. Allahbakhsh Khan led the Ghazis in the early morning of December 21, 1826, when the Sikhs were fast asleep in the bitter cold. Sikhs were slain in the first attack while they slept. Budh Singh instantly organized his men and attacked the Ghazis, and repulsed them who retreated from the battle but Budh Singh did not pursue them after victory. The Sayyid lost 36 Hindustanis and 46 Kandharis, including Patna's Maulvi Baqar Ali and their leader Allahbakhsh Khan, and Sikhs lost 500 men.[16][17][18][19]

Aftermath

Main article: Battle of Balakot

After the defeat, the Sayyids moved to Sitana, placed on the western side of river Indus at foot of Mahabad mountains. Sitana became their headquarters.[20] The Sayyid's army attacked the Sikhs at Saidu Sharif which ultimately led do the Battle of Saidu.

References

  1. ^ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839). p. 161.
  2. ^ "Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volumes: Essays presented to Sir Jadunath ... - Google Books". google.com.pk. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
  3. ^ a b c "History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839)". archive.org. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
  4. ^ "Politics of Worship in the Contemporary Middle East: Sainthood in Fragile States - Google Books". google.com.pk. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
  5. ^ "The Sikh Reference Book - Harajindara Siṅgha Dilagīra - Google Books". google.com.pk. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
  6. ^ "The Voice of Islam - Google Books". google.com.pk. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
  7. ^ "Muslim Political Thought in India - Google Books". google.com.pk. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
  8. ^ "History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839)". archive.org. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
  9. ^ Qadir, Altaf (2014-12-31). Sayyid Ahmad Barailvi: His Movement and Legacy from the Pukhtun Perspective. SAGE Publishing India. ISBN 978-93-5150-486-3.
  10. ^ Singh, Rishi (2014-12-31). State Formation and the Establishment of Non-Muslim Hegemony: Post-Mughal 19th-century Punjab. SAGE Publications India. ISBN 978-93-5150-504-4.
  11. ^ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839). p. 161.
  12. ^ Perspective. Pakistan Publications. 1970. p. 6.
  13. ^ Rashid, Haroon (2002). History of the Pathans: The Sarabani Pathans. Haroon Rashid. p. 267.
  14. ^ Gupta, Hari Ram (1978). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Lion of Lahore, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 161. ISBN 978-81-215-0515-4.
  15. ^ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839). p. 161.
  16. ^ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839). p. 161.
  17. ^ Taher, Mohamed (1998). Muslim Political Thought in India. Anmol Publications. p. 196. ISBN 978-81-7488-943-0.
  18. ^ Islamic Studies. Islamic Research Institute. 1968.
  19. ^ McQueen, Sir John W. (1994). Unseen Faces and Untold Cases, Heroes and Villains of Sikh Rule. Bahri Publications. p. 96.
  20. ^ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839).
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