Sheng Shicai: Difference between revisions

1925	Yunnan–Guangxi War; May Thirtieth Movement
1925–1926	Anti-Fengtian War; Canton–Hong Kong strike
1926	Zhongshan Warship Incident
1926–1928	Northern Expedition; Nanjing–Wuhan Split; Nationalist-Communist Civil War
1927	Nanking incident of 1927
1927	Shanghai Commune of 1927
1927	Shanghai massacre
1927	July 15 Incident
1927–1930	Muslim conflict in Gansu
1928	Jinan incident; Huanggutun incident; Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum; Northeast Flag Replacement
1928–1929	Third Red Spears' uprising in Shandong
1929	Chiang-Gui War; Warlord Rebellion in northeastern Shandong (incl. Beijing Revolt); Sino-Soviet conflict
1930	Central Plains War
1930–1932	Sino-Tibetan War / Qinghai–Tibet War
1931–1935	Kumul Rebellion / Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
1932	Han–Liu War
1932	Two-Liu war
1934	War in Ningxia

1911–1914	Bai Lang Rebellion
1913	Second Revolution
1915	Twenty-One Demands
1915–1916	Empire of China (Yuan Shikai); National Protection War
1916	Death of Yuan Shikai
1917	Manchu Restoration
1917–1922	Constitutional Protection Movement
1917–1929	Golok rebellions
1918–1920	Siberian intervention
1919	Paris Peace Conference; Shandong Problem; May Fourth Movement
1919–1921	Occupation of Outer Mongolia
1920	Zhili–Anhui War
1920–1921	Guangdong–Guangxi War
1920–1926	Spirit Soldier rebellions
1921	1st National CPC Congress
1921–1922	Washington Naval Conference
1922	First Zhili–Fengtian War
1923–1927	First United Front
1923	Lincheng Outrage
1924	Second Zhili–Fengtian War; Canton Merchants' Corps Uprising; Beijing Coup

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Revision as of 16:36, 19 November 2007

File:Flag of Sinkiang (1934-1944).gif

Flag of Sinkiang (1934-1944) under rule of chinese warlord Sheng Shicai. The flag symbolizes the six great principles of his governance: kinship with the Soviet Union, the struggle against "imperialism", equality of all nationalities, freedom of religious faith, struggle against corruption, and the building of a new Sinkiang

Sheng Shicai (Chinese: 盛世才; pinyin: Shèng Shìcái; Wade–Giles: Sheng Shih-ts'ai) (1897 - 1970) was a Chinese warlord who ruled Xinjiang from April, 12, 1933 to August, 29, 1944.

A Manchu born in Kaiyuan, Liaoning Province, he was first sent to Xinjiang to work for Governor Jin Shuren. He repressed the Kumul Uprising with support from the Soviet Union, but in exchange made several agreements with the USSR that gave it virtual control over the Sinkiang province. At Josef Stalin's request, Sheng joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in August,1938 and received Party Card No.1859118 directly from Molotov during his secret visit to Moscow. Sinkiang, under Sheng's rule, was thus a part of China in name only, with every major decision of Sheng's regime cleared through the Soviet Consulate in Tihwa [Chinese: 迪化］, which today is known as Urumqi. During his years as Governor he was anti-minority (anti-Uyghur and anti-Kazakh), and was known for his pervasive use of torture. In 1942, sensing the Soviet Union's demise, he turned anti-Soviet, expelling Soviet advisors and executing many Han Communists, including Mao Zemin, a brother of Mao Zedong, in hopes of securing the backing of the KMT (Kuomintang - Chinese Nationalist Party) for his continued rule. However, Sheng miscalculated and underestimated the KMT's distrust of him. With no patron, the KMT was able to remove Sheng in August 1944, partly to curry favor with the Soviet Union and stop border clashes that were taking place on the Xinjiang/Outer Mongolia border.

He left Xinjiang to join the Kuomintang's Republic of China government as Minister of Agriculture and Forestry. He fled to Taiwan along with the KMT at the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949. In 1958, he co-authored Sinkiang: Pawn or Pivot with Allen S. Whiting.

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 '''Sheng Shicai''' ({{zh-cpw|c=盛世才 |p=Shèng Shìcái |w='''Sheng Shih-ts'ai'''}}) ([[1897]] - [[1970]]) was a [[China|Chinese]] [[warlord]] who ruled [[Xinjiang]] from April, 12, [[1933]] to August, 29, [[1944]].
-A [[Manchu]] born in [[Kaiyuan]], [[Liaoning|Liaoning Province]], he was first sent to [[Xinjiang]] to work for Governor [[Jin Shuren]]. He repressed the [[Kumul]] Uprising with support from the Soviet Union, but in exchange made several agreements with the USSR that gave it virtual control over the Sinkiang province. At [[Josef Stalin]]'s request, Sheng joined the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]] (CPSU) in August,1938 and received Party Card No.1859118 directly from [[Vyacheslav Molotov|Molotov]] during his secret visit to Moscow. Sinkiang, under Sheng's rule, was thus a part of China in name only, with every major decision of Sheng's regime cleared through the Soviet Consulate in [[Tihwa]] [Chinese: 迪化］, which today is known as [[Urumqi]]. Though during his years as Governor he was anti-[[list of Chinese ethnic groups|minority]] (anti-[[Uyghur people|Uyghur]] and anti-[[kazakhs|Kazakh]]), and was known for his pervasive use of torture.  In 1942, sensing the Soviet Union's demise, he turned [[anti-Soviet]], expelling Soviet advisors and executing many Han Communists, including [[Mao Zemin]], a brother of [[Mao Zedong]], in hopes of securing the backing of the [[KMT]] (Kuomintang - ''Chinese Nationalist Party'') for his continued rule.  However, Sheng miscalculated and underestimated the KMT's distrust of him. With no patron, the KMT was able to remove Sheng in August 1944,  partly to curry favor with the Soviet Union and stop border clashes that were taking place on the [[Xinjiang]]/[[Outer Mongolia]] border.
+A [[Manchu]] born in [[Kaiyuan]], [[Liaoning|Liaoning Province]], he was first sent to [[Xinjiang]] to work for Governor [[Jin Shuren]]. He repressed the [[Kumul]] Uprising with support from the Soviet Union, but in exchange made several agreements with the USSR that gave it virtual control over the Sinkiang province. At [[Josef Stalin]]'s request, Sheng joined the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]] (CPSU) in August,1938 and received Party Card No.1859118 directly from [[Vyacheslav Molotov|Molotov]] during his secret visit to Moscow. Sinkiang, under Sheng's rule, was thus a part of China in name only, with every major decision of Sheng's regime cleared through the Soviet Consulate in [[Tihwa]] [Chinese: 迪化］, which today is known as [[Urumqi]]. During his years as Governor he was anti-[[list of Chinese ethnic groups|minority]] (anti-[[Uyghur people|Uyghur]] and anti-[[kazakhs|Kazakh]]), and was known for his pervasive use of torture.  In 1942, sensing the Soviet Union's demise, he turned [[anti-Soviet]], expelling Soviet advisors and executing many Han Communists, including [[Mao Zemin]], a brother of [[Mao Zedong]], in hopes of securing the backing of the [[KMT]] (Kuomintang - ''Chinese Nationalist Party'') for his continued rule.  However, Sheng miscalculated and underestimated the KMT's distrust of him. With no patron, the KMT was able to remove Sheng in August 1944,  partly to curry favor with the Soviet Union and stop border clashes that were taking place on the [[Xinjiang]]/[[Outer Mongolia]] border.
 He left Xinjiang to join the [[Kuomintang]]'s [[Republic of China]] government as Minister of Agriculture and Forestry. He fled to [[Taiwan]] along with the KMT at the end of the [[Chinese Civil War]] in [[1949]]. In 1958, he co-authored ''Sinkiang: Pawn or Pivot '' with Allen S. Whiting.