Mazatlán

Mazatlán
Coat of arms of Mazatlán Coat of arms
Nickname:  Pacific Pearl
Country	Mexico
State	Sinaloa
Municipality	Mazatlán
Government
• Mayor	Jorge Abel López Sánchez
Area
• Municipality	3,068.5 km2 (1,184.75 sq mi)
Population  (2005)
• Total	352,471
• Demonym	Mazatleco(a)
Time zone	UTC-7 (MST)
Postal code	82000-
Area code	669
Website	www.mazatlan.gob.mx

Mazatlán
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     11     26 11     14     25 11     6     26 11     2     27 13     5     29 17     29     31 22     161     31 23     255     31 23     291     30 23     35     30 21     20     28 16     17     26 12 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     0.4     79 52     0.6     77 52     0.2     79 52     0.1     81 55     0.2     84 63     1.1     88 72     6.3     88 73     10     88 73     11     86 73     1.4     86 70     0.8     82 61     0.7     79 54 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Mazatlán (IPA: [ma zat ˈlan]) is a city in the Mexican state of Sinaloa; the surrounding municipio (municipality) for which the city serves as the municipal seat is also called Mazatlán. It is located at 23°13′N 106°25′W on the Pacific coast, just across from the southernmost tip of the Baja California peninsula.

Mazatlán is a Nahuatl word meaning "place of the deer." The city was founded in the 1820s. By the mid-1800s a large group of immigrants had arrived from Germany. These new citizens developed Mazatlán into a thriving commercial seaport, importing equipment for the nearby gold and silver mines. It served as the capital of Sinaloa from 1859 to 1873. They also influenced the music, banda, which is an alteration of Bavarian folk music.

Mazatlán, with a population of 352,471 (city) and 403,888 (municipality) as of the 2005 census, is the second-largest city in the state (after Culiacán) and Mexico's largest commercial port. It is also a popular tourist destination, its beaches lined with resort hotels. A car ferry plies its trade across the Gulf of California from Mazatlán to La Paz, Baja California Sur. The municipality has a land area of 3,068.48 km² (1,184.75 sq mi) and includes smaller outlying communities such as Villa Unión.

In 2005, Mazatlán hosted and won the "Serie del Caribe", which is an annual baseball tournament with teams from México, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, and the Dominican Republic.

Mazatlán is served by Gral. Rafael Buelna International Airport.

History

Until the early 19th century, Mazatlán was a humble collection of huts inhabited by indios whose major occupation was fishing, according to Abel Aubert du Petit-Thouars, a French explorer. In 1829 a Spanish banker named Machado arrived and established commercial relations with vessels coming to Mazatlán from far off places such as Chile, Peru, the United States, Europe, and the Asia Pacific. By 1836 the city had a population of between 4000 and 5000.

The city has seen some turbulent times. During the Mexican-American War,1846-48, the U.S. Army took the city and, in order to avoid the shelling of the city, the Mexican army abandoned it. Almost twenty years later, on the morning of November 13, 1864, a French man-of-war fired on the city twelve times but there were no casualties; Mazatlán then became part of the Mexican Empire under Maximilian (vestiges of French influence may still be found in the architecture of many buildings in Centro Historico). On November 13, 1866, the Mexican general Ramon Corona expelled the imperialists from Mazatlán.

On June 18, 1868, William H. Bridge, captain of HMS Chanticleer, blockaded the port and threatened to shell the city on June 22. The captain had taken umbrage after local Customs Authorities seized 23 ounces of gold from the paymaster of the ship. During the Mexican Revolution, Mazatlán had the dubious distinction of being the first city upon which aerial bombardment was practiced. A Federalist bi-plane dropped a satchel charge containing shrapnel on the city, resulting in fatalities.

The lighthouse "El Faro"

During the Gold Rush, fortune hunters from the United States East Coast sailed from New York Harbor and other Atlantic ports to Mexican ports in the Gulf of Mexico. Debarking, the aspiring miners travelled overland for weeks to Mazatlán, where they would embark from the port to arrive in San Francisco in another four to five weeks.

Mazatlán's lighthouse (El Faro) began to shine by mid-1879. The lamp had been handcrafted in Paris, containing a big oil lamp with mirrors and a Fresnel lens to enhance the light. Since the light was static, in the distance it was often mistaken as a star. By 1905 this lamp was converted to a revolving lamp. Today, the 1000 watt bulb can be seen from 30 nautical miles (60 km). Near the lighthouse shore, the famous "divers" perform daring jumps off high rocks into the Pacific Ocean for tips from onlooking tourists.

Angela Peralta (1845 - 1883), a Mexican opera diva famed throughout the world, died of Yellow Fever in Mazatlan shortly after her arrival in the port. Legend has it she sang one last aria from her hotel balcony overlooking the Plazuela Machado. Her memory is held dear by Mazatlécos to this day.

The City of Mazatlan then got the dubious distinction of being the 2nd city in the world after Tripoli, Libya of being one of the first to suffer aerial bombardment. During the revolution of 1910-17 GeneralVenustiano Carranza (later president) intent on taking the city of Mazatlan, ordered a bi-plane to drop a crude bomb of nails and dynamite wrapped in leather to the target of Neveria Hill adjacent to the down town area of Mazatlan. Well the bomb was crude and the art of bombing was cruder. The bomb landed not on target but on the city streets of Mazatlan and in the process killed two citizens and wounded several others.

Mazatlán is also the hometown of Pedro Infante, one of the most popular actors and singers of the golden years of Mexico's film industry.

Mazatlán was well regarded by film stars such as John Wayne, Gary Cooper, and others of their generation as a sportfishing mecca. The hotels along Olas Altas flourished during the 40's, 50's and 60's supporting this vibrant trade.

In the 70's, tourism in Old Mazatlán declined as other, newer venues opened on the expanses of beach to the north of the city. As an example of Mazatlán's tourism expansion, one of the largest timeshare providers in Mexico, Mayan Resorts was founded in 1975 with the inauguration of Paraíso Mazatlán (Mazatlán Paradise). This time also saw the expansion of the Hotel Playa Mazatlán and the construction of many others, a trend that continues to this day.

As the 21st Century begins, Centro Historico has been rediscovered by newcomers and locals alike, spurring a renaissance of restoration and entrepreneurial endeavors. Many once fine homes that had fallen into literal ruin have been restored to their former glory to house families and boutique businesses. The city has been of assistance in upgrading infrastructure, such as improved water, sewer and electrical services.

Sister towns

• Hamm (GER), since 1978
• Santa Monica, United States
• Seattle, United States
• Puntarenas, Costa Rica

Cityscape

Neighborhoods

• Centro Historico
• Olas Altas
• Juarez
• Zona Dorada
• Gaviotas
• Lomas de Mazatlán
• El Cid
• El Toreo
• Nuevo Mazatlan
• Sabalo
• Playa Sur
• Montuosa
• Villa Galaxia
• Mediterraneo

Beaches and parks

• Olas Altas
• Playa Norte
• Isla de la Piedra
• Gaviotas
• Sabalos
• Cerritos
• Playa Brujas
• El Delfin
• Marmol
• Playa Camaron
• Los Pinitos

Culture and contemporary life

View overlooking Centro Historico

Mazatlan is home to the Teatro Angela Peralta, located on the Plazuela Machado. The Teatro, completely restored in the 1990s to its 19th Century splendor, houses a concert hall, galleries, an art school and a highly regarded conservatory of music and dance.

Artists such as classical musician Enrique Patron de Rueda and the Machado Orchestra perform regularly. The Sinaloa Symphony, local productions and a diverse program of touring artists keep the Teatro busy throughout the year.

The Plazuela Machado, located in Centro Historico, serves as the cultural hub of the city featuring open air restaurants, pageants, public art exhibits, a weekly craft fair and nightly entertainment. Calle Constitución, the only through street, is closed to vehicle traffic in the evenings from Thursday through Sunday.

Mazatlán hosts one of the largest celebrations of Carnaval in the world. Culminating on Fat Tuesday, this weeklong bacchanal attracts visitors from all over the world with its parades, cultural events and partying.

Transportation

Mazatlan is served by Gral. Rafael Buelna International Airport with flights to Los Angeles, San Francisco, Phoenix, Denver, Houston, Minneapolis, Mexico City, Guadalajara, La Paz and San Juan del Cabo B.C.S., Tijuana B.C., and Puerto Vallarta. In addition, numerous bus lines provide transportation to all points in México and to the United States. There is also ferry service to La Paz B.C.S.

Points of interest

Gallery

• 
  Sunset at Playa Gaviotas
• 
  Easter SunSet
• 
  Easter SunSet at Playa Mazatlan
• 
  Valentinos from Playa Mazatlan

References

• Template:Es icon Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática

• Template:Es icon Sinaloa Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México

External links

• Instituto de Cultura Official website
• Carnaval of Mazatlan Official website
• Ayuntamiento de Mazatlán Official website
• Template:Es icon Mazatlán History in the XIX Century
• Mazatlán Map
• Open Directory Mazatlán Business