Neopentane: Difference between revisions
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==Nomenclature== |
==Nomenclature== |
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[[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry|IUPAC]] nomenclature retains the trivial name neopentane.< |
[[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry|IUPAC]] nomenclature retains the trivial name neopentane.{{Fact}}<ref> Dimethylpropane is the systematic name. The respective substituent numbers (the 2,2-) are unnecessary because there can be no isomers of this molecule with dimethylpropane as part of their names. |
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A '''neopentyl''' [[substituent]] or a '''neopentyl compound''' has the structure Me<sub>3</sub>C-CH<sub>2</sub>- for instance [[neopentyl alcohol]]. |
A '''neopentyl''' [[substituent]] or a '''neopentyl compound''' has the structure Me<sub>3</sub>C-CH<sub>2</sub>- for instance [[neopentyl alcohol]]. |
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Revision as of 13:34, 12 March 2009
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
neopentane
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.006.677 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C5H12 | |
| Molar mass | 72.15 g mol−1 |
| Appearance | colorless gas |
| Density | 0.627 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | −18 °C (255 K) |
| Boiling point | 10 °C (283 K) |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
217 J·K−1·mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−168 kJ/mol |
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−3514 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | flammable gas |
| Related compounds | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Neopentane, also called dimethylpropane or 2,2-dimethylpropane, is a double-branched-chain alkane with five carbon atoms. Neopentane is an extremely flammable gas at room temperature and pressure which can condense into a highly volatile liquid on a cold day, in an ice bath, or when compressed to a higher pressure.
Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature retains the trivial name neopentane.[citation needed]Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). This is similar to the silane analog, tetramethylsilane which has a single chemical shift, defined as δ 0 by convention.
Chirally deuterated neopentane ([2H1,2H2,2H3]-neopentane) is an interesting molecule. The neopentane is rendered chiral by the isotopic substitution of hydrogen . Its chirality arises solely by the mass distribution of its nuclei, while its electron distribution is completely achiral.
References
 | This article has an unclear citation style. (September 2007) |
- Panico, R.; & Powell, W. H. (Eds.) (1994). A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds 1993. Oxford: Blackwell Science. ISBN 0-632-03488-2.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External links
- Template:Ecb
- Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD)
- IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (online version of the "Blue Book")