Battle of Bregalnica: Difference between revisions
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{{POV|date=August 2008}} |
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{{Infobox Military Conflict |
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|conflict=Battle of Bregalnica |
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|partof=[[Second Balkan War]] |
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|image= |
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|caption= |
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|date=June 30 – July 8, 1913 |
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|place=[[Bregalnica]], [[Ottoman Empire]] (present-day [[Republic of Macedonia]]) |
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|result=Serbian and Montenegrin victory |
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|combatant1={{flagicon|Kingdom of Bulgaria}} [[History of Independent Bulgaria|Kingdom of Bulgaria]] |
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|combatant2={{flag|Kingdom of Serbia}}<br>{{flagicon|Montenegro|1910}} [[Kingdom of Montenegro]] |
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|commander1={{flagicon|Kingdom of Bulgaria}} Gen. [[Mihail Savov]]<br>{{flagicon|Kingdom of Bulgaria}} Gen. [[Vicho Dikov]] |
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|commander2={{flagicon|Kingdom of Serbia}} Field Marshal [[Radomir Putnik]]<br>{{flagicon|Kingdom of Serbia}} Gen. [[Petar Bojović]]<br>{{flagicon|Kingdom of Serbia}} Prince [[Alexander I of Yugoslavia|Aleksandar Karađorđević]]<br>{{flagicon|Kingdom of Serbia}} Gen. [[Živojin Mišić]] |
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|strength1=ca. 130,000 men, guns (100 Infantry Battalions, 6 Cavalry Regiments, 63 Artillery Batteries) |
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|strength2=ca. 194,000 men, 235 guns (104 Infantry Battalions, 34 Cavalry Companies, 62 Artillery Batteries) *<br>Montenegrin division ca. 13,000 men, 6 guns and 24 machine guns |
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|casualties1=20,000<ref name="Hall">{{cite book| last =Hall | first =Richard | title =The Balkan Wars, 1912-1913: Prelude to the First World War| publisher =Routledge| year =2000 | isbn =0415229464 | page =112 }}</ref> |
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|casualties2=Total 16,620; of whom 3,000 killed<ref name="Hall">{{cite book| last =Hall | first =Richard | title =The Balkan Wars, 1912-1913: Prelude to the First World War| publisher =Routledge| year =2000 | isbn =0415229464 | page =112}}</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Campaignbox Second Balkan War}} |
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The '''Battle of Bregalnica''' was fought between the [[History of Independent Bulgaria|Kingdom of Bulgaria]] army and the [[Kingdom of Serbia]] during the [[Second Balkan War]]. Serbian forces came out victorious. |
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In Bulgarian history, the battles of Bregalnica and [[Battle of Kalimanci|Kalimanci]] are considered as two parts of one single battle ending with the defeat of the Serbian forces. |
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==Introduction== |
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According to the military convention between the Serbia and Bulgaria from 13 March 1912. that predated First Balkan war the main Bulgarian forces were to be used on the Thrace front ( Eastern theater ), while the whole Serbian army and one Bulgarian army of 100,000 men were to be used against the Ottoman army in the Macedonia ( Western theater ). Since the Bulgarians didn't engage agreed forces in the Western theater but sent them at the Eastern theater, the main burden of fight in Macedonia was left to the Sebian army. The Greek army also engaged against Ottoman forces in Western theater and , much more important, used its superior navy to block Ottoman naval lines in Aegean sea thus preventing Ottoman reinforcements from Asia coming to European part of empire. Serbian army defeated Ottoman Vardar army in the three major battles at [[Kumanovo|Battle of Kumanovo]], [[Prilep|Battle of Prilep]] and [[Bitolj|Battle of Bitola]] and effectively conquered entire Vardar Macedonia ( roughly the present day Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia ) as well as territories of northern and central Albania. In the same time Greek army defeated smaller Ottoman forces in the Epirus and Aegean Macedonia and thus with the Serbian army practically ended Ottoman military presence in the areas of Macedonia, Albania and Epirus. Meanwhile the Bulgarian army in the eastern theater of war defeated the main Ottoman forces at the Kirk Kilise and Lule Burgas but were eventually stopped at the fortified positions at Çatalca and engaged in a long siege of Adrianople. Since the failure of Bulgarians at the Adrianople could put in jeopardy the results of the entire war, including the Serbian victories in Macedonia, Serbia sent two infantry divisions and much needed heavy artillery to aid Bulgarians at Adrianople. Reinforced with Serbian troops Bulgarians eventually managed to capture Adrianople which ultimately lead to the Ottoman defeat in the war and signing the peace Treaty of London on 30 May 1913. Since the treaty of London proclaimed independent Albanian state which included much of the territories that were assigned to Serbia in pre-war Serbian-Bulgarian agreement, Serbia sought compensation on the other side, most notably in the Vardar Macedonia which was conquered and still held by the Serbian army. The Serbian-Bulgarian agreement from 1912. made no clear division of Macedonia between Serbia and Bulgaria since it had left large area of it as '' disputed '' territory allowing Russian arbitration in the case of dispute. Serbia felt that it was damaged with the lost of the territories in Albania and that its gains weren't proportional to its efforts in war, especially because of the sending of the additional forces to Adrianople and Bulgarian failing to engage agreed forces in western theater. Using this as arguments Serbia demanded that the territories that were conquered in Macedonia by the Serbian army should be given to Serbia especially because Bulgaria gained much more territories in the east then it was initially planned by the Serbs. Since the Greece also had unresolved issue with the Bulgaria in the Aegean Macedonia two states approached each other in a defensive alliance against Bulgaria. |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==Sources== |
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* Savo Skoko ''Vojvoda Radomir Putnik Vol.1''; Beogradsko Grafičko-Izdavčki Zavod, 1984. |
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* {{cite book |title=The Balkan Wars, 1912–1913: Prelude to the First World War |last=Hall |first=Richard C. |year=2000 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-22946-4 }} |
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==Notes== |
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* The numbers of the strength of Serbian Army do not indicate the exact strength of the forces deployed during the Battle of Bregalnica but rather the entire strength of the Serbian Army in Macedonia (the Operational group ''South'', which included the combined 1st and 3rd Armies) at the beginning of hostilities. |
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{{coord missing}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bregalnica}} |
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[[Category:Balkan Wars]] |
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[[Category:Conflicts in 1913]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving Bulgaria]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving Serbia]] |
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[[Category:Vardar Macedonia (1912-1918)]] |
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[[bg:Битка при Брегалница]] |
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[[fr:Bataille de Bregalnica]] |
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[[mk:Битка кај Брегалница (Втора балканска војна)]] |
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[[sr:Брегалничка битка]] |
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Revision as of 18:17, 3 September 2010
Poof Im a Fairy