Cia-Cia language: Difference between revisions
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:따리마까시 ''tarimakasi'' 'thank you', 인디우미안노 ''indiumianno'' 'I am Cia-Cia', 인다우뻬엘루이소오 ''indaupe'eluiso'o'' 'I love you', 모아뿌이사우 ''moapuisau'' 'excuse me', 움베 ''umbe'' 'yes', 찌아 ''cia'' 'no'<ref>[http://blog.daum.net/crane43/15867677]</ref> --> |
:따리마까시 ''tarimakasi'' 'thank you', 인디우미안노 ''indiumianno'' 'I am Cia-Cia', 인다우뻬엘루이소오 ''indaupe'eluiso'o'' 'I love you', 모아뿌이사우 ''moapuisau'' 'excuse me', 움베 ''umbe'' 'yes', 찌아 ''cia'' 'no'<ref>[http://blog.daum.net/crane43/15867677]</ref> --> |
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===Verbs=== |
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*부리 ''buri (bughi)'' 'write' |
*부리 ''buri (bughi)'' 'write' |
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*뽀가우 ''pogau'' 'chat' |
*뽀가우 ''pogau'' 'chat' |
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*바짜안 ''baca'an'' 'read.'<ref name="cbs" /><ref name="joins">{{ko icon}} [http://univ.joins.com/portal/news/article.asp?Total_ID=3714932 인도네시아에 한글 사용하는 섬 생겼다]</ref> |
*바짜안 ''baca'an'' 'read.'<ref name="cbs" /><ref name="joins">{{ko icon}} [http://univ.joins.com/portal/news/article.asp?Total_ID=3714932 인도네시아에 한글 사용하는 섬 생겼다]</ref> |
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===Nouns=== |
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*까아나 ''ka'ana'' 'home' |
*까아나 ''ka'ana'' 'home' |
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*시골라 ''sigola'' 'school' |
*시골라 ''sigola'' 'school' |
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*보꾸 ''boku'' 'book'<ref>{{ko icon}} [http://www.nemopan.com/?mid=tv_today&page=1&sort_index=regdate&order_type=desc&document_srl=1868605 8월20일 뉴스후 131회 - ‘따리마까시(고마워요), 한글’ (밤9시45분)]</ref><ref>{{ko icon}} [http://blog.korea.kr/app/log/hellopolicy/40616106;jsessionid=2hFXKJmT21bV1D6nJXzvvrtrc2dypptlTXyWMfJhMxvn11xL1FdS!1635765320 한글을 공식문자로 채택한 인도네시아 한글마을 가보니 | 현장스케치 (전체공개) ]</ref> |
*보꾸 ''boku'' 'book'<ref>{{ko icon}} [http://www.nemopan.com/?mid=tv_today&page=1&sort_index=regdate&order_type=desc&document_srl=1868605 8월20일 뉴스후 131회 - ‘따리마까시(고마워요), 한글’ (밤9시45분)]</ref><ref>{{ko icon}} [http://blog.korea.kr/app/log/hellopolicy/40616106;jsessionid=2hFXKJmT21bV1D6nJXzvvrtrc2dypptlTXyWMfJhMxvn11xL1FdS!1635765320 한글을 공식문자로 채택한 인도네시아 한글마을 가보니 | 현장스케치 (전체공개) ]</ref> |
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===Common Phrases=== |
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*따리마 까시 ''Tarima kasi.'' 'Thanks.' |
*따리마 까시 ''Tarima kasi.'' 'Thanks.' |
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*인다우 미아노 찌아찌아 ''Indau miano Cia-Cia.'' 'I am a Cia-Cia.' |
*인다우 미아노 찌아찌아 ''Indau miano Cia-Cia.'' 'I am a Cia-Cia.' |
Revision as of 14:36, 7 October 2010
Cia-Cia | |
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바하사 찌아찌아 Bahasa Ciacia | |
Region | Buton Island, Sulawesi |
Native speakers | 80,000 (as of 2005)[1] |
Hangul (as of 2009), formerly Gundul | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | cia |
The Cia-Cia language (Hangul: 바하사 찌아찌아, Roman: Bahasa Ciacia), also known as South Buton(ese), is an Austronesian language spoken principally around the town of Bau-Bau on the southern tip of Buton Island off the southeast coast of Sulawesi in Indonesia.
In 2009 the language gained international media attention with a decision by the town of Bau-Bau to officially adopt Korean hangul as the modern script for Cia-Cia.[2]
However, Indonesian Ambassador to Korea Nicholas T. Dammen and Professor Chun Tai-hyun, who first proposed the idea of adopting the Korean alphabet to the Bau-bau mayor in 2007, discount reports on Korea's export of hangul.[3]
They told The Korea Times in January 2010 that hangul had yet to be officially adopted by the Cia Cia because Bau-bau Mayor Amirul Tamim had not taken due procedures necessary for a foreign alphabet to be recognized as an official writing system.
Demographics
As of 2005 there were about 80,000 speakers.[1] Speakers also use Wolio, which is closely related, or Indonesian Malay. Wolio is falling into disuse as a written language among the Cia-Cia, as it is written using the Arabic alphabet and Indonesian is now taught in schools with the Latin alphabet.[4]
Geographic distribution
Cia-Cia is spoken in Southeast Sulawesi, south Buton Island, Binongko Island, and Batu Atas Island.[1]
According to legend, Cia-Cia speakers on Binonko descend from Butonese troops sent by a Butonese Sultan.[5]
Name
The name of the language comes from the negator cia 'no'.[1] Cia-Cia is also known as Buton(ese), Butung, or Dutch Boetoneezen, names it shares with Wolio, and South Buton or Southern Butung.[1]
Dialects
The language situation on the island of Buton is very complicated and not known in great detail.[6]
Dialects include Kaesabu, Sampolawa (Mambulu-Laporo), Wabula (with its subvarieties), and Masiri.[1][7] The Masiri dialect shows the greatest amount of vocabulary in common with the standard dialect.[1] Konisi & Hidayat discuss two dialects, Pesisir and Pedamalan; Pedamalan has gh in native words where Pesisir has r, but has r in loan words.
Orthography
Cia-Cia was once written in a Jawi-like script, called Gundul, based on Arabic with five additional consonant letters but no signs for vowels.
In 2009 the language gained international media attention with a decision by the town of Bau-Bau to adopt Korean hangul as the modern script for Cia-Cia, beginning a pilot project to teach a class of fifty third-grade students the alphabet using textbooks created by the Hunminjeongeum Society.[2][8][9][10][11]
The Cia-Cia alphabet [12] Consonants ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㅌ ㄸ ㄹ ᄙ* ㅁ ㅂ ㅸ ㅍ ㅃ ㅅ ㅇ** ㅈ ㅉ ㅎ romanized g k n d dh t r ~ gh, l m b v ~ w bh p s (null), ’, ng j c h IPA /ɡ/ /k/ /n/ /ɗ/ /d/ /t/ /r ~ ʁ/, /l/ /m/ /ɓ/ /β/ /b/ /p/ /s/ –, /ʔ/, /ŋ/ /dʒ/ /tʃ/ /h/ Vowels ㅏ ㅔ ㅗ ㅜ ㅣ ㅡ* romanized a e o u i (null) IPA /a/ /e/ /o/ /u/ /i/ –
* ᄙ is not considered a separate letter of the alphabet. Medial /r/ and /l/ are distinguished by writing ㄹ single for /r/ or doubled for /l/; however, doubled ㄹ must be written across two syllables, as in 빨리 pali vs. 세링 sering. The empty vowel ㅡ is added before an initial doubled ㄹ, so that initial /l/ is written 을ㄹ-. However, final /l/ is written with a single ㄹ; for final /r/, the empty vowel is added, so that it is written 르 as if it were a separate syllable, as in 사요르 sayor.
** ㅇ inherits the null-[ŋ] conventions of Korean. However, it is not clear if or how glottal stop [ʔ] is distinguished; note that in Malay, glottal stop is assumed between identical vowels and not written overtly.
In adapting hangul to the structure of Cia-Cia, the obsolete letter ㅸ was resurrected for /v/.[13] The implosives /ɓ/ and /ɗ/ are written with standard hangul letters.[14]
Sample:[15]
- 아디 세링 빨리 노논또 뗄레ᄫᅵ시. 아마노 노뽀옴바에 이아 나누몬또 뗄레ᄫᅵ시 꼴리에 노몰렝오.
- adi sering pali nononto televisi. amano nopo'ombae ia nanumonto televisi kolie nomolengo.
Words
The numerals 1–10 are:
English | one | two | three | four | five | six | seven | eight | nine | ten |
Romanization | dise, ise | rua, ghua | tolu | pa'a | lima | no'o | picu | walu, oalu | siua | ompulu |
Verbs
Nouns
Common Phrases
- 따리마 까시 Tarima kasi. 'Thanks.'
- 인다우 미아노 찌아찌아 Indau miano Cia-Cia. 'I am a Cia-Cia.'
- 인다우 뻬엘루 이소오 Indau pe'elu iso'o. 'I love you.'
- 모아뿌 이사우 Moapu isau. 'Excuse me.'
- 움베 Umbe. 'Yes.'
- 찌아 Cia. 'No.'[20]
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g Ethnologue: Languages of the World (unknown ed.). SIL International.[This citation is dated, and should be substituted with a specific edition of Ethnologue]
- ^ a b Agence France-Presse, "Southeast Sulawesi Tribe Using Korean Alphabet to Preserve Native Tongue", Jakarta Globe, 2009 August 06
- ^ Korea Times, Quest to Globalize 'Hangeul' Raises Questions
- ^ Butonese - Introduction
- ^ Noorduyn, J. 1991. "A critical survey of studies on the languages of Sulawesi" p. 131.
- ^ Noorduyn, J. 1991. "A critical survey of studies on the languages of Sulawesi" p. 130.
- ^ Donohue, Mark. 1999. "A grammar of Tukang Besi". p. 6.
- ^ "South Korea's Latest Export: Its Alphabet", New York Times, 2009 Sept. 11
- ^ Korea Times, 2009-08-06 [1]
- ^ Indonesian tribe to use Korean alphabet
- ^ (LEAD) Indonesian tribe picks Korean alphabet as official writing system
- ^ slideshow
- ^ Template:Ko icon "사라질 소수민족 언어 '한글'로 새 생명(Hangul which brings the new life to the Cia-Cia people)" (in Korean). 경향신문 (京鄉新聞)/Kyunghyang Sinmun. 6 August 2009. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
- ^ To Save Its Dying Tongue, Indonesian Isle Orders Out for Korean
- ^ a b Template:Ko icon 印尼 소수민족, '한글' 공식 문자로 채택
- ^ Numbers in Austronesian languages
- ^ Template:Ko icon 인도네시아에 한글 사용하는 섬 생겼다
- ^ Template:Ko icon 8월20일 뉴스후 131회 - ‘따리마까시(고마워요), 한글’ (밤9시45분)
- ^ Template:Ko icon 한글을 공식문자로 채택한 인도네시아 한글마을 가보니 | 현장스케치 (전체공개)
- ^ Template:Ko icon 세계속의 한글
References
- van den Berg, René. 1991. "Preliminary notes on the Cia-Cia language (South Buton)." In Harry A. Poeze and Pim Schoorl (eds.), Excursies in Celebes: Een bundel bijdragen bij het afscheid van J. Noorduyn als directeur-secretaris van het KITLV, 305-24. Leiden: KITLV.
- Mustafa Abdullah. 1985. Struktur bahasa Cia-Cia. Proyek Penelitian Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah Sulawesi Selatan, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
- Ho-Young Lee, Hyosung Hwang, Abidin. 2009. Bahasa Cia-Cia 1. Hunmin jeongeum Society of Korea.
- Template:Id icon Konisi & Hidayat, 2001, Analisis kategori kata bahasa cia liwungau
External links
- Ethnologue: Languages of the World (unknown ed.). SIL International.[This citation is dated, and should be substituted with a specific edition of Ethnologue]
- Template:Linguistlist
- Cia-cia: Sampolawa language on Globalrecordings.net
- Template:Ko icon Interview on the Cia-Cia's adaption of Hangeul