2nd Cavalry Regiment (United States)

2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment
2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment coat of arms
Active	May 23, 1836-Present.
Country	USA
Branch	Regular Army
Part of	V Corps
Garrison/HQ	Rose Barracks Vilseck, Germany
Nickname(s)	Second Dragoons
Motto(s)	Toujours Prêt (Always Ready) Remember Your Regiment and follow your officers (Unofficial motto)
Colors	Yellow and Orange
Engagements	War with Mexico Indian Wars American Civil War War with Spain Philippine Insurrection World War I World War II Gulf War Operation Iraqi Freedom Operation Enduring Freedom
Commanders
Current commander	COL James R. Blackburn Jr.
Notable commanders	William S. Harney Henry Hopkins Sibley David E. Twiggs Philip St. George Cooke Joseph T. Dickman Creighton Abrams Walter L. Sharp
Insignia
distinctive unit insignia
shoulder sleeve insignia

Template:Cavalry The 2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment (2SCR) or 2nd Dragoons, known previously as both the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment (Light) and the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment (2ACR), is a military unit within the United States Army. It can trace its lineage back to the early part of the 19th century. 2SCR has the distinction of being the longest continuously serving Regiment in the United States Army.

Motto and patch

• The Regimental Motto: Toujours Prêt (French: 'Always Ready') - remember your regiment and follow your officers.
• The fleur-de-lis on the badge commemorates the Regiment's service in France during WWI.
• The palmetto Leaf symbolizes the campaign against the Seminole Indians.
• The eight-pointed shield represents the original badge of a Dragoon as does the color.

History

Between 1808-1815

In 1808, there was one Regiment of Dragoons and during the War of 1812 another regiment was raised. Units of both Regiments of Dragoons served in engagements at the Mississineway River; the Battle of Lundy's Lane; Fort Erie and the siege of Fort Meigs. These two regiments were consolidated on March 30, 1814 into the Regiment of Light Dragoons but this new unit was dissolved on June 15, 1815.

Early organization

The precursor organization was originally established by President Andrew Jackson on May 23, 1836, as the Second Regiment of Dragoons of the U.S. Army. Two squadrons were originally raised, one at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, and one in Florida to combat the Seminole Indians. It saw its first combat during the Seminole Wars, then served on the Texas frontier under Col. David Twiggs. The regiment fought in the Mexican-American War, the early frontier Indian Wars, Bleeding Kansas, and the Utah War.

Reorganized as the Second Cavalry, the unit trained at Jefferson Barracks. Most of its early leadership later gained fame in the American Civil War — William S. Harney, David E. Twiggs, Philip St. George Cooke, Thomas John Wood, Wesley Merritt and Theophilus Rodenbough. {Note: the 2nd Dragoons, whose name was changed to 2nd US Cavalry in 1861, should not be confused with the 1855-61 formation of the U.S. 2nd Cavalry Regiment, which was renamed the U.S. 5th Cavalry Regiment in 1861}.

Civil War

At the onset of the Civil War in 1861, it was recalled to the Eastern theater. For much of the war, it was a key part of either the "Reserve Brigade" or the "Regular Brigade" of the Army of the Potomac and served in numerous campaigns and battles. During the Battle of Gettysburg, the 2nd U.S. Cavalry served under Wesley Merritt and engaged the Confederates south of Gettysburg on the third day.

Indian Wars

• Fetterman Massacre (December 21, 1866)
• Kidder Massacre (July 2, 1867).
• Baker Massacre (January 23, 1870)
• Battle of Powder River (March 17, 1876)
• Battle of the Rosebud (June 17, 1876)

Spanish-American War, World War I and World War II

During the Spanish-American War, the 2nd Cavalry deployed to Cuba, joining Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders, fighting at El Canay, San Juan Hill, Aquadores, and Santiago. The Regiment remained in Cuba on pacification duty for the next three years. From Cuba, the Regiment deployed to the Philippines, participating in the Cavite Campaign as well as fighting the Moro in 1911 and 1912.

During World War I, the Regiment 'saddled up' again, this time under 'Black Jack' Pershing in Europe, participating in several battles, including the Aisne-Marne Offensive. Troops B, D, F and H became the last elements of the Regiment to ever engage the enemy as mounted horse cavalry.

During World War II, the Regiment (this time under the designation of '2nd Cavalry Group, Mechanized') landed in France in July 1944, becoming part of General Patton's Third Army. During this period, the Regiment became known as the 'Ghosts of Patton's Army' due to their ability to conduct reconnaissance, materializing seemingly at will behind German lines. The Regiment made the deepest penetration of the war, arriving in Czechoslovakia before finally linking up with Soviet forces heading west. Under the leadership of Col. Charles H. Reed, the Regiment conducted a raid behind Soviet lines to rescue the famous Lipizzaner Stallions. At the end of the war, the unit was re-designated, yet again, as the 2nd Constabulary Regiment, and eventually the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment in 1948.

The Cold War, Desert Storm, and Reorganization

During the Cold War, the Regiment was responsible for guard/surveillance duty along the Iron Curtain, acting as a tripwire for the long-expected, but never materializing, Warsaw Pact invasion of Western Europe. The Regiment's border sector varied in its dimensions over the years but always included portions of both the East German and Czechoslovakian borders with the Federal Republic of Germany. The Regiment patrolled the border by air and ground. Ground cavalry troops on the border operated out of border camps close to the frontier. Regular border tours in sizable sectors contributed to the development of independence and self-sufficiency that characterizes cavalry operation and paid great training dividends to the cavalry squadrons of the Regiment.

In 1978, M Company, 3rd Squadron, 2nd ACR was selected to represent the US in the 1979 Canadian Army Trophy (CAT), finishing 4th - the first time the US entrant had not placed last. The fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe meant the Regiment had to now redefine its role. During this process, the Regiment was alerted for deployment to Saudi Arabia in response to the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq.

The regiment spearheaded the VII Corps end-run deep into Iraq during the Persian Gulf War. During its covering force mission, units of the Regiment destroyed two brigades of the Iraqi Republican Guards Tawakalna Division in the Battle of 73 Easting. The unit earned the Valorous Unit Award for its service in Operation Desert Storm.

Returning from the Gulf, the Regiment was relocated from Germany to Fort Lewis, Washington. The Regiment's ground squadrons were converted into a light cavalry unit consisting of Humvees mounted with TOW launchers, MK-19 grenade launchers, .50 caliber machine guns and squad automatic weapons (SAW). The 2nd ACR "light" was then sent to Ft Polk, LA in 1992. From here, the Regiment deployed in support of the peace enforcement operation in Haiti from 1995 to 1996. The 3rd Squadron ("Wolfpack") was the first ground unit to deploy and operated under the 25th Infantry Division in Port au Prince, Haiti. After six months in Haiti, 1st Squadron arrived to replace 3rd Squadron. 2nd Squadron replaced 3rd Squadron in October 1995 and redeployed in March 1996 completing the cycle.

Bosnia service

In April 1997, the Regiment received orders to be prepared to deploy to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Following the first Mission Rehearsal Exercise held at the JRTC in June, the unit moved to Germany to begin integration with the 1st Armored Division. Meanwhile, all its equipment was shipped to the Intermediate Staging Base at Taszar, Hungary.

The Regiment's participation in Operation Joint Guard began when the 2nd and 3rd Squadrons moved across the Sava River into Bosnia in August 1997 to augment the 1st Infantry Division (Forward) in support of Bosnia-Herzegovina's municipal elections. The Regiment's air cavalry, the 4th Squadron and the Regimental Support Squadron also moved into the country. The Regiment's separate units — the 502nd Military Intelligence Company; the 84th Engineer Company; Company H (Aviation Maintenance), 159th Aviation Regiment; and the Air Defense Battery — completed the Regimental troop list.

While the ground squadrons were in Bosnia, the Regimental headquarters deployed to Germany to train with the 1st Armored Division Headquarters in preparation for assuming command in Bosnia. During August and September, the Regiment was spread across five countries on two continents, and was under the direct command and control of three different general officer commands. This period included another first for any Army unit during a 12-month period: the Regiment participated in major training exercises at all three of the Army's Combat Training Centers: The National Training Center (NTC) at Fort Irwin, the Joint Readiness Training Center (JRTC) at Fort Polk, and the Joint Multinational Readiness Center (JMRC) at Hohenfels, Germany [1]. In October the remainder of the Regiment rode into theater, assuming responsibility for the American sector of Multinational Division (North), which stretched from the war-torn bridge at Brcko in the north to the shattered city of Srebrenica in the south.

The first major action of the Regiment in Bosnia was the seizing of Serbian radio-television towers to control communications into the Republika Srpska. Other significant operations that the Regiment conducted include: the restructuring of the Republika Srpska Specialist Police; the creation of the first multi-ethnic police department, in the city of Brčko; security for the announcement of the Brcko Arbitration Decision (an effort to resolve the status of this Serb-dominated city within Bosnia); institution of common license plates and currency in Bosnia, and the opening of the Bosnian rail system. In conducting operations in sector, the Regiment executed an estimated 12,500 patrols and 480 weapon storage site inspections, supervised the removal of over 12,000 mines, and oversaw 350 training exercises for the former warring factions. The Regiment served one of the longest tours of military units there.

The 21st century

The Regiment relocated once again, after returning from Bosnia, this time to Fort Polk, Louisiana where the unit remained until deployed again to the Gulf for Operation Iraqi Freedom, remaining for a total of 16 months. The Regiment was required to fight against insurgent forces in areas ranging from Baghdad to Najaf to Al Kut. On its return from combat operations, the Regiment found itself heading back to Fort Lewis in Washington in December 2004. The Regiment was re-designated the 2nd Cavalry Regiment and reorganized as a Stryker Brigade Combat Team in April 2005.

A Stryker from the Cavalry Regiment participating in a Joint Task Force-East training exercise at Novo Selo Training Range, Bulgaria, Sept. 3, 2009.

On June 1, 2006 at Fort Lewis, Wash., the 2nd Cavalry Regiment and the 1st Brigade, 25th Infantry Division conducted a joint reflagging and casing ceremony. The 2nd CR was reflagged as the 4th Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division (Stryker). The 1st Brigade, 25th Infantry Division cased its brigade colors and was reflagged as the 2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment. The Army restationed 2d SCR to Rose Barracks, Vilseck, Germany, near the Regiment's Cold War home of Nuernberg, as of September 15, 2006. With a foundation of infantry-based tactics and the mobility of the Stryker vehicle, the Stryker unit has become more of a hybrid, filling the gap between pure, light infantry and the mechanized, heavy infantry. This move now truly describes the soldiers of the unit as 'Dragoons' - mounted infantry.

On May 8, 2007, the Department of Defense announced that the 2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment would deploy to Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom in August 2007. The 3rd Squadron (Wolfpack), with Troop N ("Nemisis") of 4th Squadron attached, along with Troop E ("Eagle"), 2nd Squadron (Cougars), were very successful in rooting out Al-Qaeda forces from their last stronghold in Baghdad's Hadar neighborhood in East Rashid. 1st Squadron participated in the final clearance of Sadr City. The regiment served a 15-month tour in Iraq in both the Baghdad area and later Diyala province. It was at its most consolidated by June 2008 with all units but 1st Squadron, which was in Sadr City. On November 25, 2008, the 2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment was officially welcomed back to Vilseck, Germany.

Operation Enduring Freedom

On March 15, 2010, the Department of Defense announced that the 2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment would deploy to Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom and the International Security Assistance Force in July 2010.

Current structure

2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment Structure

The Regiment is organized like a Stryker Brigade and consists of the following units:

2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment:

• Regimental Headquarters Troop (Stryker Headquarters Company)
• 1st Squadron "War Eagles" - (Stryker Battalion)
  • Headquarters Company "Mustangs" - (Stryker Headquarters Company)
  • Apache Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
  • Bull Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
  • Comanche Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
• 2nd Squadron "Cougars" - (Stryker Battalion)
  • Headquarters Company "Headhunters" - (Stryker Headquarters Company)
  • Dog Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
  • Eagle Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
  • Fox Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
• 3rd Squadron "Wolfpack" - (Stryker Battalion)
  • Headquarters Company "Hammer" - (Stryker Headquarters Company)
  • Ghostrider Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
  • Hawk Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
  • Iron Company - (Stryker Infantry Company)
• 4th Squadron "Saber" (Reconnaissance, Surveillance, and Target Acquisition Squadron)
  • Headquarters Troop "Warhorse" - (Stryker Headquarters Troop)
  • Killer Troop - (Stryker Cavalry Scout Troop)
  • Lightning Troop - (Styker Cavalry Scout Troop)
  • Mad Dog Troop - (Stryker Cavalry Scout Troop)
  • Nomad Troop - (Surveillance Troop)
  • Outlaw Troop - (Anti-Armor Troop - 9 TOW-equipped Stryker vehicles)
  • Palehorse Troop - (Military Intelligence Company)
  • Quickstrike Troop - (Signal Troop)
• Fires Squadron "Artillery Hell" (Field Artillery Battalion)
  • Headquarters Battery - "Hellraisers"
  • A Battery (6-Gun 155mm Howitzer Battery)
  • B Battery (6-Gun 155mm Howitzer Battery)
  • C Battery (6-Gun 155mm Howitzer Battery)
  • Sapper Company (Engineer Company)
• Regimental Support Squadron "Muleskinners"
  • Headquarters Troop "Hellraisers"
  • Supply and Transportation Troop "Pack Horse"
  • Maintenance Troop "Blacksmiths"
  • Medical Troop "Stryker Medics"

Medal of Honor recipients of the 2nd Cavalry Regiment

• Private Heth Canfield. Indian Wars. On 15 May 1870, while serving with Company C at Little Blue, Nebraska, for displaying gallantry in action.
• Private Michael Himmelsback. Indian Wars. On 15 May 1870, while serving with Company C at Little Blue, Nebraska, for displaying gallantry in action.
• Private Patrick James Leonard. Indian Wars. On 15 May 1870, while serving with Company C at Little Blue, Nebraska, for displaying gallantry in action.
• Private Thomas Hubbard. Indian Wars. On 15 May 1870, while serving with Company C at Little Blue, Nebraska, for displaying gallantry in action.
• Private George W. Thompson. Indian Wars. On 15 May 1870. while serving with Company C at Little Blue, Nebraska, for gallantry in action.
• Private Wilfred Clark. Indian Wars. On 9 August 1877 at Big Hole, Montana, and on 20 August 1877 at Camas Meadows, Idaho, while serving with Company L, for displaying conspicuous gallantry, especial skill as sharpshooter.
• Private William Leonard. Indian Wars. On 7 May 1877, while serving with Company L, for bravery in action.
• First Sergeant Henry Wilkens. Indian Wars. On 7 May 1877, at Little Muddy Creek, Montana, and 20 August 1877 at Camas Meadows, Idaho, for gallantry in action.
• Private Samuel D. Phillips. Indian Wars. On 7 May 1877, while serving with Company H at Little Muddy Creek, Montana, for gallantry in action.
• Corporal Harry Garland. Indian Wars. On 7 May 1877 at Little Muddy Creek, Montana, and on 29 August 1877 at Camas Meadows, Idaho, while serving with Company L, for gallantry in action with hostile Sioux, at Little Muddy Creek, Mont.; having been wounded in the hip so as to be unable to stand, at Camas Meadows, Idaho, he still continued to direct the men under his charge until the enemy withdrew.
• William H. Jones. Indian Wars. While serving with Company L, on 7 May 1877 at Little Muddy Creek, Montana for gallantry in the attack against hostile Sioux Indians, and on 20 August 1877 at Camas Meadows for the engagement with Nez Perces Indians in which he sustained a painful knee wound.
• Second Lieutenant Edward J. McClernand. Indian Wars. On 20 September 1877, for gallantly attacking a band of hostiles and conducting the combat with excellent skill and boldness.
• Sergeant T.B. Glover. Indian Wars. On 10 April 1879 At Mizpah Creek, Montana, and at Pumpkin Creek, Montana on 10 February 1880, while serving with Troop B, he was in charge of small scouting parties, fought, charged, surrounded, and captured war parties of Sioux Indians.
• Captain Eli L. Huggins. Indian Wars. On 1 April 1880, at O'Fallons Creek, Montana, for surprising the Indians in their strong position and fighting them until dark with great boldness.
• Second Lieutenant Lloyd M. Brett. Indian Wars. On 1 April 1880, at O'Fallons Creek, Montana, his fearless exposure and dashing bravery in cutting off the Indians' pony herd, thereby greatly crippling the hostiles.

Alliances

• Australia - 2nd Cavalry Regiment (Bond of Friendship)
• Germany - German Logistikbataillon 4 (Bond of Friendship)

External links

• 2SCR Official Unit Page
• GlobalSecurity.org: 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment
• "Kidder Massacre" in which 11 soldiers of the 2nd Cavalry and an Indian Guide were killed July 2, 1867 at Beaver Creek, Sherman County Kansas by Cheyenne & Sioux. {for Reference only}.
• Second Cavalry Association Historical Archives Site