Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel: Difference between revisions
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|caption= Portrait painted by [[Johann Gottfried Auerbach]] (1696-1753) |
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|reign= 1711–1740 |
|reign= 1711–1740 |
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|spouse = [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor]] |
|spouse = [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor]] |
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Revision as of 16:01, 3 July 2012
| Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick | |
|---|---|
| Holy Roman Empress; German Queen; Queen consort of the Romans, Hungary, Bohemia, Sardinia, Naples, and Sicily; Archduchess consort of Austria | |
 Portrait painted by Johann Gottfried Auerbach (1696-1753) | |
| Tenure | 1711–1740 |
| Born | 28 August 1691 Brunswick, Germany |
| Died | 21 December 1750 Vienna, Austria |
| Burial | Imperial Crypt, Vienna, Austria |
| Consort to | Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Issue | Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria |
| House | House of Habsburg House of Welf |
| Father | Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
| Mother | Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen |
Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (Braunschweig, 28 August 1691 – 21 December 1750, Vienna, Austria) was Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Queen of Bohemia and Hungary; and Archduchess of Austria by her marriage to Emperor Charles VI.[1] She was renowned for her delicate beauty and also for being the mother of Empress Maria Theresa. She is also the maternal grandmother of Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France, though she died five years before her granddaughter's birth in 1755. She was also the longest serving Holy Roman Empress.[2]
Life
Elisabeth Christine was the eldest daughter of Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and his wife Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen.
At age 13 Elisabeth Christine became engaged to the future Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor through negotiations between her ambitious grandfather, Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Charles' sister-in-law, Empress Wilhelmina Amalia, whose father was John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and thus belonged to another branch of the Guelph dynasty.
However, the Protestant bride opposed the marriage at first, since it involved her switching to Catholicism, but finally she gave in and on 1 May 1707, was converted in Bamberg, Germany.
At the time of the wedding, Charles was fighting for his rights to the Spanish throne against the French-born King Philip V of Spain, so he was living in Barcelona. Elisabeth Christine arrived in Spain on July 1708 and married Charles on 1 August 1708 in the church of Santa Maria del Mar in Barcelona. When her husband left for Vienna to take possession of the imperial crown in 1711, he left Elisabeth Christine behind in Barcelona appointing her as General Governor of Catalonia during his absence. She wisely ruled Catalonia alone until 1713, when she had to leave Barcelona and join her husband in Vienna. Later, they had two children who survived infancy, Empress Maria Theresa and Archduchess Maria Anna. Elisabeth Christine died in Vienna.
Children
| Name | Portrait | Lifespan | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leopold John |
|
13 April 1716 - 4 November 1716 |
Archduke of Austria, died aged seven months. | |
| Maria Theresa |
|
13 May 1717 - 29 November 1780 |
Archduchess of Austria and heiress of the Habsburg dynasty, married Francis III Stephen, Duke of Lorraine (later Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor). | |
| Maria Anna |
|
26 September 1718 - 16 December 1744 |
Archduchess of Austria, married Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, with she served as Governor of the Austrian Netherlands. Died in childbirth. | |
| Maria Amalia |
|
5 April 1724 - 19 April 1730 |
Archduchess of Austria, died aged six. |
Ancestry
| Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg | |||||||||||||||
| Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | |||||||||||||||
| Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst | |||||||||||||||
| Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg | |||||||||||||||
| Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Norburg | |||||||||||||||
| Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Norburg | |||||||||||||||
| Eleonore of Anhalt-Zerbst | |||||||||||||||
| Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | |||||||||||||||
| Joachim Ernst, Prince Oettingen-Oettingen | |||||||||||||||
| Albert Ernest I, Prince of Oettingen | |||||||||||||||
| Anna Dorothea of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Gleichen | |||||||||||||||
| Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen | |||||||||||||||
| Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg | |||||||||||||||
| Christine Friederike of Württemberg | |||||||||||||||
| Anna Katharina, Wild- and Rheingraefin of Salm-Kyrburg | |||||||||||||||
Titles, styles, honours and arms
Titles and styles
- 28 August 1691 – 1 August 1708 Her Serene Highness Duchess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
- 1 August 1708 – 12 October 1711 Her Royal Highness Archduchess Elisabeth Christine of Austria
- 12 October 1711 – 20 October 1740 Her Imperial Majesty the Holy Roman Empress
- 20 October 1740 – 21 December 1750 Her Imperial Majesty the Dowager Holy Roman Empress
References
- ^ http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0811424.html
- ^ Her tenure, from 12 October 1711 to 20 October 1740, is about seven months longer than either tenures of two other long-serving empresses, Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy, and Eleonor Magdalene of the Palatinate-Neuburg.
External links
- 1691 births
- 1750 deaths
- 17th-century German people
- 18th-century German people
- People from Braunschweig
- Holy Roman Empresses
- Italian queens consort
- German queens consort
- Hungarian queens consort
- Burials at the Imperial Crypt
- Royal consorts of Naples
- Royal consorts of Sicily
- Bohemian queens consort
- Austrian royal consorts
- Converts to Roman Catholicism
- House of Welf
- Duchesses of Brabant
- Duchesses of Limburg
- Duchesses of Luxembourg
- Countesses of Flanders
- Countesses of Hainaut
- Duchesses of Parma
- Duchesses of Milan
- Duchesses of Teschen
- Grand Mistresses of the Order of the Starry Cross
- Duchesses of Brunswick-Lüneburg
- Duchesses of Piacenza