Jump to content

Todd Akin: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Citation parameter fixes, using AWB
No edit summary
Tag: possible BLP issue or vandalism
Line 32: Line 32:
|unit = [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]]
|unit = [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]]
}}
}}
'''William Todd Akin''' (born July 5, 1947) is a former [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] for {{ushr|MO|2}}, serving from 2001 to 2013. He is a member of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]].
'''William Todd "Legitimate Rape" Akin''' (born July 5, 1947) is a former [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] for {{ushr|MO|2}}, serving from 2001 to 2013. He is a member of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]].


Born in [[New York City]], Akin grew up in the [[Greater St. Louis]] area. After receiving his bachelor's degree from [[Worcester Polytechnic Institute]] in Massachusetts, Akin served in the [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]] and worked in the private sector in the computer and steel industries. In 1988, he was elected to the [[Missouri House of Representatives]]. He served in the state house until elected to the [[United States House of Representatives]] in 2000.
Born in [[New York City]], Akin grew up in the [[Greater St. Louis]] area. After receiving his bachelor's degree from [[Worcester Polytechnic Institute]] in Massachusetts, Akin served in the [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]] and worked in the private sector in the computer and steel industries. In 1988, he was elected to the [[Missouri House of Representatives]]. He served in the state house until elected to the [[United States House of Representatives]] in 2000.

Revision as of 17:30, 8 October 2013

Todd Akin
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Missouri's 2nd district
In office
January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2013
Preceded byJim Talent
Succeeded byAnn Wagner
Member of the Missouri House of Representatives
from the 86th district
In office
January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2001
Preceded byJohn Hancock
Succeeded byJane Cunningham
Member of the Missouri House of Representatives
from the 85th district
In office
January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1993
Preceded byFranc Flotron
Succeeded byChris Liese
Personal details
Born (1947-07-05) July 5, 1947 (age 77)
New York City, New York, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
SpouseLulli Boe
Children6
Alma materWorcester Polytechnic Institute
Covenant Theological Seminary
ProfessionEngineer, businessman
Military service
Branch/serviceU.S. Army National Guard
U.S. Army Reserve
Years of service1972–1980
UnitU.S. Army Corps of Engineers

William Todd "Legitimate Rape" Akin (born July 5, 1947) is a former U.S. Representative for Missouri's 2nd congressional district, serving from 2001 to 2013. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Born in New York City, Akin grew up in the Greater St. Louis area. After receiving his bachelor's degree from Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Massachusetts, Akin served in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and worked in the private sector in the computer and steel industries. In 1988, he was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives. He served in the state house until elected to the United States House of Representatives in 2000.

Akin won the 2012 Republican primary for the U.S. Senate seat in a crowded field. Akin created controversy during his Senate race by stating that women who are victims of what he called "legitimate rape" rarely get pregnant. The comment led to widespread calls for him to withdraw from the Senate race. Akin apologized for his remarks and stated that he would continue his campaign. He lost to Democratic incumbent Claire McCaskill in the general election by a wide margin.[1]

Early life, education, and business career

Akin was born in New York City, New York, and raised in the St. Louis, Missouri area. He is the son of Nancy Perry (née Bigelow) and Paul Bigelow Akin.[2][3][4]

Akin's great-grandfather, Thomas Russell Akin, founded Laclede Steel Corporation of St. Louis in 1911.[5][6] The company eventually passed to his grandfather, William Akin, and then to his father Paul, a third-generation graduate of Harvard University who served as an officer in the Navy during World War II.[2][3]

Akin graduated from John Burroughs School, a private prep school in suburban St. Louis,[3] and went on to attend Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Worcester, Massachusetts, earning a B.S. in engineering from its School of Business in 1971.[7]

After graduation, Akin served as an engineer officer in the National Guard of the U.S. Army,[7] then served in the Army Reserve until 1980.[8] After leaving active duty, Akin sold large computer systems for IBM, then worked as a manager in his family's steel business.[7]

Akin earned a Master of Divinity degree in 1984 from Covenant Theological Seminary where he studied Greek, Hebrew, and a socially conservative interpretation of the Christian scriptures. He did not enter the ministry.[9]

Akin is a longtime pro-life activist and former member of the board of Missouri Right to Life.[10] He was arrested for trespass at least eight times between 1985 and 1988 while demonstrating against abortion in front of abortion clinics in Illinois and Missouri.[11][12][13] He has said the protests were peaceful and he would not apologize for standing up for his beliefs.[12][14] At the time of the arrests, he was using the name "William Akin"; after that period, when he ran for political office, it was as "Todd Akin".[12]

Missouri House of Representatives

Elections

Akin was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives in November 1988, running unopposed to represent District 85 which included Town and Country and much of West Saint Louis County.[15] He won re-election in 1990 with 59% of the vote.[16] Due to re-districting, Akin represented District 86 from 1993 through 2000, never winning less than 66% of the vote.[17][18][19][20]

Tenure

Akin served as a member of the House Ways and Means Committee.[21] During his 12 years in the state house, Akin advocated for homeschool rights,[22] voted for carrying concealed weapons, voted against the parks and soils sales tax, and voted against the 1993 tax increase and education spending increase.[23] Akin sponsored legislation to prohibit casino companies from contributing to Missouri state lawmakers.[24] In 1995, he fought Democratic Governor Mel Carnahan over a bill providing state-funding for school nurses. Ultimately, the governor refused to sign the funding bill due to Akin's amendment which would have prohibited nurses from telling students about sources for information about abortion.[25]

U.S. House of Representatives

Akin represented Missouri's 2nd congressional district from January 2001 to December 2012. He was succeeded by Ann Wagner. The district includes western suburbs of St. Louis in St. Louis County and northwestern exurbs in St. Charles County.

Elections

In 2000, Akin ran in the Republican primary election to fill the House seat vacated by U.S. Representative Jim Talent, who was running for governor. Light voter turnout caused by heavy rains helped Akin win the tight, five-way primary by just 56 votes; he defeated two better-known candidates, former St. Louis County Executive Gene McNary and State Senator Franc Flotron.[3][26][27] On the night he won the primary, Akin said, "My base will show up in earthquakes."[22] He defeated Democratic State Senator Ted House in the general election, winning 55 percent of the vote.[28] He never faced another contest as close, and was reelected five times. In 2010, Akin won re-election with 67.9% of the vote.[29] He had been challenged for the seat by Democratic nominee Arthur Lieber, Libertarian nominee Steve Mosbacher, and write-in candidate Patrick M. Cannon. In 2012, Akin stepped down from his House seat to run for the US Senate. Due to controversial statements about rape, he only received 39.2% of the vote, although he was a favourite to win going into the race.

Tenure

Akin earned a 96% rating from the American Conservative Union in 2008, and 100% in 2007.[30]

Social issues

Akin is an outspoken opponent of abortion in all cases, including health reasons or in cases of rape or incest and opposes embryonic stem cell research. In a 2008 speech on the House floor, Akin called abortion providers "terrorists" and alleged that it was "common practice" for abortion providers to perform "abortions" on women who were not actually pregnant.[31][32]

Akin is a supporter of the right to keep and bear arms and has an A rating from the National Rifle Association.[33] Akin gained his "A" rating from the NRA by being a firm supporter of the Second Amendment. Akin boasted that he has supported many bills including the Second Amendment Sovereignty Act of 2012, the The Sportsmen's Heritage Act and the Disaster Recovery Personal Protection Act.[citation needed] Akin is a staunch advocate of a federal prohibition of online poker. In 2006, he co-sponsored H.R. 4411, the Goodlatte-Leach Internet Gambling Prohibition Act,[34] and H.R. 4777, the Internet Gambling Prohibition Act.[35]

Akin also authored the Protect the Pledge (of Allegiance) Act.[27] In late June 2011, Akin objected to NBC's recent removal of the words "under God" from a video clip of school children reciting the Pledge of Allegiance. After remarking that "NBC has a long record of being very liberal," Akin said,"at the heart of liberalism really is a hatred for God and a belief that government should replace God".[36] Two days later, Akin said he did not mean all liberals hate God, only that liberals have "a hatred for public references for God." The next day, he apologized, saying his statement had been "directed at the political movement, Liberalism, not at any specific individual".[37]

During his 2012 US Senate bid, Akin reaffirmed his opposition to legislation like the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009, which he voted against as a Congressman.[38]

Todd Akin is an opponent of the No Child Left Behind Act. Akin believes that it should not be the federal government that decides on education but, that local government should have control over public education.[39]

Fiscal issues

In his early years in Congress, Akin brought back earmarks for his district, voted to raise the debt ceiling, voted for off-balance-sheet wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and voted to create the unfunded Medicare prescription drug benefit.[27] More recently, he has opposed increases in taxation and spending. He voted in 2007 against an expansion of the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), objecting to its potential coverage of children in families making up to $62,000 a year, and stating that proof of U.S. citizenship was not required. He also said the bill would "weaken the private health care system" and lead the country "further down the slippery slope to socialized medicine."[40] He has voted against federally funded school breakfasts and lunches, and called student loans "a stage-three cancer of socialism".[27] He has also voted against increasing the minimum wage.[27] He was a vocal critic of the September 2008 bank bailout, and voted against it.[41] He voted no on the Affordable Health Care Act in March 2010,[42] and on Paul Ryan's fiscal year 2012 budget.[43]

Military issues

Akin has spent significant time working on military and veterans issues. On the House Armed Services Committee he served as the Chairman of the Seapower and Projection Forces Subcommittee, which handles all Navy and Air Force issues. In the past, he has served as Ranking Republican on the Seapower Subcommittee and the Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee. Akin has also introduced a number of veterans-related bills, most notably the Open Burn Pit Registry Act, which creates a registry for Iraq and Afghanistan veterans who were exposed to burn pits. He opposed repeal of the Dover Policy which had banned media coverage of caskets of troops returning home from overseas, citing privacy and decorum issues.[44]

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

2012 U.S. Senate election

Main article: United States Senate election in Missouri, 2012

In mid-May 2011, Akin announced he would seek the Republican nomination in 2012 to unseat Democratic Senator Claire McCaskill.[45] Other candidates in the August 2012 Republican primary included businessman John Brunner,[46] author and business executive Mark Memoly,[47] and former Missouri Treasurer Sarah Steelman.[48] Despite losing some momentum and in a crowded field, Akin won the Republican nomination in the August 7 primary, 36% to 30% for his nearest challenger.[49] In August 2012, National Journal named Akin one of "Ten Republicans to follow on Twitter".[50]

Akin faced McCaskill and Libertarian nominee Jonathan Dine in the general election, losing to McCaskill after his controversial comments on rape lost him a great deal of support.

Home of record

In May 2011, questions were raised about Akin's official address for voting. According to the Associated Press and the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Akin moved to Wildwood, in far western St. Louis County, sometime between 2007 and 2009, after he and his wife purchased a second home there. However, he continued to vote as a Town and Country resident, and signed a polling place logbook attesting to his living there in April 2011.[51][52]

Controversial comments on "legitimate rape" and pregnancy

Main article: Rape and pregnancy controversies in United States elections, 2012
See also: Pregnancy from rape

In a local news interview, on August 19, 2012, discussing abortion, Todd Akin made the claim that victims of what he described as "legitimate rape" cannot become pregnant. Airing on St. Louis television station KTVI-TV, as he ran as U.S. Representative for Missouri's 2nd congressional district for the U.S. Senate seat held by Claire McCaskill, his response to a question on rape exceptions for abortion was:

"Well you know, people always want to try to make that as one of those things, well how do you, how do you slice this particularly tough sort of ethical question. First of all, from what I understand from doctors, that’s really rare. If it’s a legitimate rape, the female body has ways to try to shut that whole thing down. But let’s assume that maybe that didn’t work or something. I think there should be some punishment, but the punishment ought to be on the rapist and not attacking the child."[53]

The comments from Akin almost immediately led to uproar, with the term "legitimate rape" being taken to imply belief in a view that some kinds of rape are "legitimate", or alternatively that the victims who do become pregnant from rape may be lying about their claim. His claims about the likelihood of pregnancy resulting from rape were by some seen as being based on ideas like stress (such as what sexual assault victims incur) inducing miscarriage or Dr. John C. Willke's "spastic tubes" theory introduced in 1985[54] and trauma-based theory introduced in 1999.[55] These are considered by the majority of the scientific and medical community to be long-discredited pseudoscience[56] with experts seeing the claims as lacking any basis of medical validity.[57] Akin was not the first to make such claims, but was perhaps one of the most recently prominent.[58]

While some colleagus such as Iowa congressman Steve King supported Akin as a person,[59] senior figures in both parties condemned his remarks and some Republicans called for him to resign.[60][61][62] In the resulting furor, Akin received widespread calls to drop out of his Senate race from both Republicans and Democrats.[63] Akin apologized after making the comment, saying he "misspoke", and he stated he planned to remain in the Senate race. This response was itself attacked by many commentators who saw the initial comments as representative of his long-held views, rather than an accidental gaffe.

The comment was widely characterized as misogynistic and recklessly inaccurate, with many commentators remarking on the use of the words "legitimate rape".[64][65][66] Related news articles cited a 1996 article in an obstetrics and gynecology journal, which found that 5% of women who were raped became pregnant, which equaled about 32,000 pregnancies each year in the US alone.[67] A separate 2003 article in the journal Human Nature estimated that rapes are twice as likely to result in pregnancies as consensual sex.[68] (See also pregnancy from rape.)

The incident was seen as having an impact on Akin's senate race and the Republicans' chances of gaining a majority in the U.S. Senate,[69] by making news in the week before the 2012 Republican National Convention and by "shift[ing] the national discussion to divisive social issues that could repel swing voters rather than economic issues that could attract them".[70] Akin, along with a few other Republican candidates with controversial positions on rape, lost due to backlash from women voters.[1]

Election result

Before the comments, Akin had been favored to win his race against McCaskill, but lost in November, attributed to backlash from women voters.[1]

Personal life

Akin married Lulli Boe, a graduate of Hollins University, in June 1975.[71][72] The couple has six children. Lulli became a home schooling activist and all of the children were home-schooled.[3][9][27] Three sons attended the Naval Academy and became officers in the Marines.[27] One of his sons served in the assault on Fallujah, Iraq.[44]

Akin enjoys playing guitar and singing gospel songs, and over the years, has dressed in Revolutionary War attire for Fourth of July celebrations.[9]

Akin and his wife resided for many years in the Town and Country, Missouri home that he grew up in and that his father owned. When his father sought to subdivide the 8.5 acre property a few years ago, Akin moved to a house in Wildwood.[22]

Electoral history

Year Office Republican Democratic Libertarian Ref
Candidate Votes % Candidate Votes % Candidate Votes %
1988 Missouri House, Dist. 85 Todd Akin 14,538 100% None 0 0 None 0 0 [15]
1990 Missouri House, Dist. 85 Todd Akin 6,815 59% Chris Liese 4,656 41% None 0 0 [16]
1992 Missouri House, Dist. 86 Todd Akin 14,809 100% None 0 0 None 0 0 [17]
1994 Missouri House, Dist. 86 Todd Akin 9,157 70% Leonard Hyman 4,015 30% None 0 0 [18]
1996 Missouri House Dist. 86 Todd Akin 10,791 67% Leonard Hyman 5,210 33% None 0 0 [19]
1998 Missouri House Dist. 86 Todd Akin 8,026 66% Leonard Hyman 4,137 34% None 0 0 [20]
2000 U.S. House, Missouri 2nd Dist. Todd Akin 164,926 55% Tedd House 126,441 42% James Higgins 2,524 1% [73]
2002 U.S. House, Missouri 2nd Dist. Todd Akin 167,057 67% John Hogan 77,223 31% Darla Maloney 4,548 2% [74]
2004 U.S. House, Missouri 2nd Dist. Todd Akin 228,725 65% George Weber 115,366 33% Darla Maloney 4,822 1% [75]
2006 U.S. House, Missouri 2nd Dist. Todd Akin 176,452 61% George Weber 105,242 37% Tamara Millay 5,923 2% [76]
2008 U.S. House, Missouri 2nd Dist. Todd Akin 232,076 62% William Haas 132,068 35% Thomas Knapp 8,628 2% [77]
2010 U.S. House, Missouri 2nd Dist. Todd Akin 180,481 68% Arthur Lieber 77,467 29% Steve Mosbacher 7,677 3% [78][79]
2012 U.S. Senate, Missouri Todd Akin 1,063,698 39.2% Claire McCaskill 1,484,683 54.7% Jonathan Dine 164,991 6.1% [80]

References

  1. ^ a b c Haberkorn, Jennifer (November 6, 2012). "Abortion, rape controversy shaped key races". Politico.
  2. ^ a b Announcements, The New York Times, September 9, 1944, Section Sports, Page 21.
  3. ^ a b c d e Eligon, John (August 21, 2012). "A Politician Whose Faith Is Central to His Persistence". The New York Times.
  4. ^ [1]
  5. ^ "Thomas Russell Akin (1867 - 1945) - Find A Grave Memorial". Findagrave.com. Retrieved 2012-09-30.
  6. ^ Laclede Steel Names Chief, The New York Times, Business and Finance Section, March 26, 1966.
  7. ^ a b c Official Manual of the State of Missouri, 1993-1994, p. 157
  8. ^ Biography, Congressman Todd Akin, Missouri's 2nd District, retrieved August 23, 2012.
  9. ^ a b c McCrummen, Stephanie and Fahrenthold, David A. (August 22, 2012). "Akin's agenda wins loyalty of Christian groups". Washington Post.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Todd Akin Senate Campaign 2012 web site, On the Issues: Life, http://www.akin.org/issues/life, accessed November 4, 2012
  11. ^ Friedman, Dan (November 3, 2012). "Akin was Arrested at Least Eight Times in 1980s". Hotline On Call. NationalJournal.com.
  12. ^ a b c McDermott, Kevin (October 24, 2012). "Todd Akin was arrested at least three times during '80s abortion protests". St. Louis Post Dispatch. Retrieved October 24, 2012.
  13. ^ Kim, Seung Min (September 28, 2012). "Akin speaks about old arrest at abortion clinic". Politico. Retrieved November 3, 2012.
  14. ^ "2 top Mo. Republicans reverse course, come back to Akin's side in contentious Senate race". The Washington Post. September 28, 2012.[dead link‍]
  15. ^ a b Official Manual of the State of Missouri 1989-1990, p. 669.
  16. ^ a b Official Manual of the State of Missouri 1991-1992, p. 506.
  17. ^ a b Official Manual of the State of Missouri, 1993-1994, p. 716.
  18. ^ a b Official Manual of the State of Missouri, 1995-1996, p. 541.
  19. ^ a b Official Manual of the State of Missouri 1997-1998 p. 574.
  20. ^ a b Official Manual of the State of Missouri 1999-2000 p. 571.
  21. ^ "Tangled Politics Of Coming Election Apply Ice To Missouri's Tax-Cut Fever". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. 1996-04-07.
  22. ^ a b c Pistor, Nicholas J.C. (August 21, 2012). "Akin in Ohio as deadline to exit race passes". St Louis Today. Retrieved 2012-08-24.
  23. ^ "For The Missouri House -- Iv". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. 1996-11-01.
  24. ^ "Casinos Decry Proposal To Stop Contributions Similar Efforts Have Withstood Court Challenges". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. 1998-03-17.
  25. ^ "Carnahan blasts 'extremists'". The Southeast Missourian. The Associated Press. May 14, 1995. Retrieved 2012-01-29.
  26. ^ "U.S. Representative - District 2 - Summary". Office of Secretary of State, Missouri. Retrieved May 9, 2011.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g Horrigan, Kevin (August 21, 2012). "Horrigan: The world discovers the weirdness of Todd Akin. Darn it". St. Louis Today. St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
  28. ^ "U.S. Representative - District 2 - Summary". Office of Secretary of State, Missouri. Retrieved May 9, 2011.
  29. ^ "Missouri". Election 2010. The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-11-27. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  30. ^ Barone, Michael (2009). The Almanac of American Politics 2010. Washington, D.C.: National Journal. p. 875. ISBN 978-0-89234-119-1. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ "Akin In 2008: Doctors Give Abortions To Patients Who Aren't Pregnant". KMOX CBS. October 3, 2012. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
  32. ^ McDermott, Kevin (October 3, 2012). "Long before 'legitimate rape' comment, Akin alleged abortions on non-pregnant women". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
  33. ^ "2nd Amendment | Todd Akin for Senate". Akin.org. Retrieved 2012-08-24.
  34. ^ "Thomas (Library of Congress): HR 4411". Thomas.loc.gov. Retrieved 2011-05-09.
  35. ^ "Thomas (Library of Congress): HR 4777". Thomas.loc.gov. Retrieved 2011-05-09.
  36. ^ Colby Hochmuth (June 28, 2011). "Lawmaker Apologizes for Liberal 'Hatred of God' Quip". Fox News. Retrieved 2011-08-27.
  37. ^ Jason Hancock (June 29, 2011). "Akin changes course, apologizes for comment". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Retrieved 2011-08-27.
  38. ^ Reese, Diana (October 1, 2012). "Todd Akin on women's issues in Kansas City campaign stop". Washington Post. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
  39. ^ "2nd Amendment | Todd Akin for Senate". Akin.org. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  40. ^ Mannies, Jo (October 4, 2007). "Mo Dems- GOP split over SCHIP, while protesters target Bond, who backs SCHIP". St Louis Today.
  41. ^ Mannies, Jo. "Bailout critic Akin also target of spray-paint vandals". St Louis Today.
  42. ^ "Charting the votes, the money and the uninsured". St Louis Post-Dispatch. March 24, 2010.
  43. ^ "Akin Supports Ryan Budget".
  44. ^ a b Rose, Sean (February 26, 2009). "McCaskill, Skelton support Dover repeal; Akin unhappy". St Louis Today.
  45. ^ "Congressman running for Senate introduces himself to the Heartland". KTVO-TV Heartland Connection.com. 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
  46. ^ "Todd Akin announces Missouri Senate bid". RollCall.com. 2011-05-17. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
  47. ^ "Filing day across Christian County". Springfield News-Leader via website. 2012-03-06. Retrieved 2012-03-10. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  48. ^ Catanese, David (December 1, 2010). "Inaugural scoop: Steelman files for Senate". Politico. Retrieved December 1, 2010.
  49. ^ "Election Night Reporting". MO Secretary of State. August 8, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  50. ^ Mazmanian, Adam (August 27, 2012). "Ten Republicans to follow on Twitter". National Journal. Retrieved 2012-09-30.
  51. ^ "Todd Akin votes in Town and Country". St. Louis Post-Dispatch website. 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-02.
  52. ^ "Missouri Rep. Akin voting, living at different places". Associated Press via KMOV-TV. 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-03.
  53. ^ Jaco, Charles. "The Jaco Report: August 19, 2012". Fox News. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  54. ^ "Health Experts Dismiss Assertions on Rape". The New York Times. 2012-08-21. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
  55. ^ Rape Pregnancies Are Rare by John Willke
  56. ^ "A Canard That Will Not Die: 'Legitimate Rape' Doesn't Cause Pregnancy". The Atlantic. 19 August 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
  57. ^ Graham, David A. (August 22, 2012). "Video of the Day: 'Forcible Rape' and Paul Ryan's Akin Problem". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2012-08-25.
  58. ^ Kliff, Sarah (August 20, 2012). "Rep. Todd Akin is wrong about rape and pregnancy, but he's not alone". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
  59. ^ "Rep. Steve King backs up Todd Akin, weighs in on rape and abortion". CBS News. Retrieved 2012-08-29.
  60. ^ "Leading social conservatives rally to Akin's defense". CNN. CNN. 2012-08-20. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  61. ^ Seung Min Kim (August 21, 2012). "List of senators calling on Akin to quit keeps growing". Politico. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
  62. ^ Costa, Robert. "Romney: Akin's Comment 'Inexcusable'".
  63. ^ Killough, Ashley (August 20, 2012). "GOP chair: Akin should drop out, skip convention". CNN. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  64. ^ DiSalvo, David. "Republican Senate Nominee Todd Akin: Victims Of "Legitimate Rape" Don't Get Pregnant". Forbes. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  65. ^ Abouhalkah, Yael T. "Todd Akin's rape fantasy". Kansas City Star. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  66. ^ Eligon, John. "Senate Candidate Provokes Ire With 'Legitimate Rape' Comment". Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  67. ^ Holmes, Melisa M.; Resnick, Heidi S.; Kilpatrick, Dean G.; Best, Connie L. (1996). "Rape-related pregnancy: Estimates and descriptive characteristics from a national sample of women". American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 175 (2): 320–4, discussion 324–5. doi:10.1016/S0002-9378(96)70141-2. PMID 8765248. Cited in: Blake, Aaron. "Todd Akin, GOP Senate candidate: 'Legitimate rape' rarely causes pregnancy". Washington Post. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  68. ^ Gottschall, Jonathan A.; Gottschall, Tiffani A. (2003). "Are per-incident rape-pregnancy rates higher than per-incident consensual pregnancy rates?". Human Nature. 14: 1–20. doi:10.1007/s12110-003-1014-0. Cited in: Robillard, Kevin. "Doctors: Todd Akin pregnancy claim bogus". Politico. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  69. ^ Akin Vows to Stay in Race After "Legitimate Rape" Gaffe NBC 10 Philadelphia Scott Ross Monday, Aug 20, 2012 | Updated 6:56 PM EDT
  70. ^ Akin imbroglio is bad news for Republicans Tom Cohen, CNN updated 3:23 PM EDT, Wed August 22, 2012
  71. ^ Official Manual of the State of Missouri 1989-1990, p. 135.
  72. ^ Class of 1972 Reunion Attendees, Hollins Alumnae page, Hollins University.
  73. ^ 2000 Election Results Federal Election Commission. Mike Odell, Green Party, also received 2,907 votes, 1% of the total votes.
  74. ^ "Secretary of State Official Election Results 2002". Retrieved 2012-09-30.
  75. ^ 2004 Election Results Federal Election Commission, p 119.
  76. ^ 2006 Election Results U.S. House of Representatives Federal Election Commission, p.82.
  77. ^ 2008 Election Results U.S. House of Representatives, Federal Election Commission, p.125.
  78. ^ Official Election Results U.S. House of Representatives, 2010, Federal Election Commission, p.95.
  79. ^ Official Election Returns, State of Missouri Secretary of State, November 30, 2010.
  80. ^ http://enr.sos.mo.gov/ENR/Views/TabularData.aspx?TabView=StateRaces^Federal%20/%20Statewide%20Races^011656688155
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Missouri's 2nd congressional district
2001–2013 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Missouri
(Class 1)
2012 		Most recent

Template:Persondata

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Todd_Akin&oldid=576316894"